Whole‐plant reddening in <i>Silene germana</i> is due to anthocyanin accumulation in response to visible light

Narbona, Eduardo; Jaca, Julia; Valle, José Carlos del; Valladares, Fernando; Buide, Ma Luisa

doi:10.1111/plb.12875

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…We hypothesized that phenolic compounds of S. littorea may contribute to photoprotection necessary to thrive in habitats with highly solar radiation such as coastal foredunes along the Iberian Peninsula [39]. In the same way, anthocyanin accumulation depends on sunlight in Silene germana, helping to prevent the oxidative stress caused by the excessive summer sunlight [68].…”

Section: Effects Of Uv Radiation On Photosynthetic Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

UV radiation increases phenolic compound protection but decreases reproduction in Silene littorea

et al. 2020

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Plants respond to changes in ultraviolet (UV) radiation both morphologically and physiologically. Among the variety of plant UV-responses, the synthesis of UV-absorbing flavonoids constitutes an effective non-enzymatic mechanism to mitigate photoinhibitory and photooxidative damage caused by UV stress, either reducing the penetration of incident UV radiation or acting as quenchers of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we designed a UVexclusion experiment to investigate the effects of UV radiation in Silene littorea. We spectrophotometrically quantified concentrations of both anthocyanins and UV-absorbing phenolic compounds in petals, calyces, leaves and stems. Furthermore, we analyzed the UV effect on the photosynthetic activity in hours of maximum solar radiation and we tested the impact of UV radiation on male and female reproductive performance. We found that anthocyanin concentrations showed a significant decrease of about 20% with UV-exclusion in petals and stems, and a 30% decrease in calyces. The concentrations of UV-absorbing compounds under UV-exclusion decreased by approximately 25% in calyces and stems, and 12% in leaves. Photochemical efficiency of plants grown under UV decreased at maximum light stress, reaching an inhibition of 58% of photosynthetic activity, but their ability to recover after light-stress was not affected. In addition, exposure to UV radiation did not affect ovule production or seed set per flower, but decreased pollen production and total seed production per plant by 31% and 69%, respectively. Our results demonstrate that UV exposure produced opposing effects on the accumulation of plant phenolic compounds and reproduction. UV radiation increased the concentration of phenolic compounds, suggesting a photoprotective role of plant phenolics against UV light, yet overall reproduction was compromised.

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Section: Effects Of Uv Radiation On Photosynthetic Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

UV radiation increases phenolic compound protection but decreases reproduction in Silene littorea

et al. 2020

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“…growth traits) can produce meaningful insights into this topic. Flavonoids, in particular, have already been used to assess the effects of biotic (Koskimäki et al 2009; Knuesting et al 2018) and abiotic (Wang & Zheng 2001; Janská et al 2010; Akula & Ravishankar 2011; Narbona et al 2018) stressors. Some growth traits ( e.g .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant growth shapes the effects of elevation on the content and variability of flavonoids in subalpine bilberry stands

et al. 2020

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The study of morphological and physiological responses of shrubs to climate is crucial for the understanding of future scenarios regarding climate change. In this light, studying shrub growth and physiological acclimation along an elevation gradient might be insightful. The phenolic metabolic pathway represents a powerful tool to interpret such processes. In the South‐Eastern Alps, we investigated the relationships between elevation, plant traits (i.e. age, xylem ring width, annual shoot length), plant–plant interaction (i.e. shrub cover) and flavonoids in Vaccinium myrtillus L. (leaves, berries) in stands above the treeline. The relationships were parsed within causal networks using a confirmatory path analysis. Elevation was the main driver of V. myrtillus growth, having both direct and indirect effects on the leaf flavonoid content, but this was less evident for berries. In particular, the content of foliar flavonoids showed a peak at mid‐elevation and where the growth of xylem rings was intermediate, while it decreased in stands with higher shoot length. Flavonoid content variability of both leaves and berries was affected by elevation and shoot length. In berries, flavonoid variability was further related to all growth traits and shrub cover. These findings evidence that flavonoid content is influenced by both elevation and growth traits of V. myrtillus, often showing non‐linear relationships. These results suggest a trait‐mediated response of this plant to climate conditions as a result of trade‐offs between plant growth, plant defence, environmental stress and nutrient/resource availability.

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“…We hypothesized that flavonoids (both anthocyanins and flavones) of S. littorea may contribute to photoprotection to thrive in habitats with highly solar radiation such as coastal foredunes along the Iberian Peninsula [39]. Thus, flavonoid biosynthesis may be of particular benefit to S. littorea to prevent photoinhibition in this light-stressed habitat, as it was found in Silene germana [70].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV radiation increases flavonoid protection but decreased reproduction inSilene littorea

Valle

Buide

Whittall

et al. 2020

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15Plants respond to changes in ultraviolet (UV) radiation via morphological and 16 physiological changes. Among the variety of plant UV-responses, the synthesis of UV-17 absorbing flavonoids constitutes an effective non-enzymatic mechanism to mitigate 18 photoinhibitory and photooxidative damage caused by UV stress, either reducing the 19 penetration of incident UV radiation or acting as quenchers of reactive oxygen species (ROS).20 In this study, we designed a UV-exclusion experiment to investigate the effects of UV 21 radiation in Silene littorea. We spectrophotometrically quantified concentrations of both 22 anthocyanins and non-anthocyanin flavonoids (flavones) in petals, calyces, leaves and stems.23 Furthermore, we analyzed the UV effect on the photosynthetic activity in hours of maximum24 solar radiation and we tested the impact of UV radiation on male and female reproductive 25 performance. We found that anthocyanin concentrations showed a significant decrease of 26 about 20% with UV-exclusion in petals and stems, and 30% in calyces. Flavone 27 concentrations showed a significant reduction of approximately 25% in calyces and stems, 28 and 12% in leaves. Photochemical efficiency of plants grown under UV stress decreased 29 sharply at maximum light stress, but their ability for recovery after light-stress was not 30 affected. In addition, exposure to UV radiation does not seem to affect ovule production or 31 seed set, but decreases the total seed production per plant and pollen production by 69% 32 and 31%, respectively. Our results demonstrate that UV radiation produced opposite effects 33 on flavonoid accumulation and reproduction in S. littorea. UV stress increased flavonoid 34 concentrations, suggesting a photoprotective role of flavonoids against UV radiation, but 3 35 had negative consequences for reproduction. We propose that this trade-off helps this 36 species to occupy exposed habitats with high UV radiation. 37 38 Keywords: abiotic stress, anthocyanins, Caryophyllaceae, flavones, male and female 39 reproductive performance, photoprotection, photosynthesis, secondary metabolites, UV 40 radiation. 4 41 Introduction 42 Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can both help and harm plants. Many flowering plants rely 43 on UV nectar guides for pollination services [1]. Simultaneously, the high energy of UV 44 radiation can be damaging to cells and presents a unique abiotic challenge to most land 45 plants [2]. Furthermore, the "invisible" nature of UV radiation makes it particularly enigmatic 46 at the ecological and physiological scales. UV-A (315 -400 nm) and UV-B (280 -315 nm)47 radiation has numerous positive and negative effects at the cellular and organismal scales 48 [3-6], inducing a variety of morphological responses in plants [4,7]. In addition, UV-B49 radiation exerts damaging effects on DNA and chloroplasts, particularly photosystem II (PSII), 50 and indirectly generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can further damage the 51 photosynthetic apparatus [8,9]. 52Plants have developed a variety of mech...

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Whole‐plant reddening in Silene germana is due to anthocyanin accumulation in response to visible light

Cited by 10 publications

References 59 publications

UV radiation increases phenolic compound protection but decreases reproduction in Silene littorea

UV radiation increases phenolic compound protection but decreases reproduction in Silene littorea

Plant growth shapes the effects of elevation on the content and variability of flavonoids in subalpine bilberry stands

UV radiation increases flavonoid protection but decreased reproduction inSilene littorea

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