Economics of Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Overview of Treatment and Research Funding

Kornack, Julie; Persicke, Angela; Cervantes, Paige E.; Jang, Joung Soon; Dixon, Dennis R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0401-3_9

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, the traditional ASD diagnostic services are not always accessible, affordable, or data-driven [27], [133]. The review findings suggest that technology-based ASD methods can be extrapolated to the ODD population and can effectively, efficiently, rapidly, and potentially serve larger population groups with improved quality, access, and affordability [27].…”

Section: A Promising Role Of Technology In Asd Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Intelligent Technologies in Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Scoping Review

2022

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Background: Two-year delay is reported between the first developmental concern raised by the parents and the diagnosis of ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder), delaying the start of early intervention programs most beneficial within the first three years. Aim: Evaluate the role of technology in ASD detection by answering four research questions analyzing 1) evolution of technology, 2) use of various bio-behavioral data sources, 3) demographic categories, databases, controls, comparators, and assessment instruments, and 4) data collection, processing, and outcomes of the technology-based methods in ASD detection. Methods: Scoping review included behavioral-based ASD screening and diagnostic studies, published between 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2021 in PUBMED, SCOPUS, and IEEE Xplore databases for children under six years. The studies were assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programm (CASP) and the PRISMA scoping review checklist (PRISMA-ScR). Results: The shortlisted 35 studies were categorized into seven bio-behavioral categories. The review suggested extensive use of machine learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) technologies with multimodal structured and unstructured data to detect infants at risk of ASD and Other developmental delays (ODD) as early as 9 to 12 months. However, the review reported various internal and external validity threats. Conclusion: Technology can significantly improve the current ASD detection process. The validation and adoption of technology can be fast-tracked by 1) designing robust study protocols, 2) executing multicultural field trials, 3) standardizing datasets, data quality and feature engineering methods, 4) recruiting statistically significant participants from ASD, typically developing (TD) and other developmental disorders (ODD) groups to ensure technological generalization, validation, and adoption outside laboratory settings.

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Section: A Promising Role Of Technology In Asd Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Intelligent Technologies in Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Scoping Review

2022

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“…Two diagnostic features of ASD are social communication deficits and restricted repetitive behaviours (APA 2013; WHO 2013). These two deficit areas affect the life functionality of individuals with ASD, resulting in high disease management cost (Kornack et al 2014). For example, in 2015, the United States spent around USD268 billion of their public funding on ASD management (Leigh & Du 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Lay Knowledge of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Malaysia

Low

2021

JSKM

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Today, increasingly more people worldwide are aware about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, their actual understanding about ASD is yet unknown. In this study, the lay knowledge on the social communication and language deficits of ASD was investigated using a brief survey involving an elite sample in Malaysia. The survey findings revealed that the vast majority of the respondents had superficial understanding about the social communication and language deficits of ASD. In general, they could relate to ASD as a type of learning disability, but they were less familiar with the diagnostic features and remedial needs of ASD. Another key finding was that the respondents reported different sources of obtaining ASD knowledge according to their demographic profiles (namely age, gender, education and occupation), which correspondingly led to variability in the type of knowledge they obtained. Together, the findings implied that content-specific ASD awareness programs through the right channels are warranted for optimizing efficacy in knowledge transfer and minimizing redundancy in existing ASD awareness campaigns. Increased lay knowledge on ASD will provide a public guardian ground for children with ASD to ensure that the challenges faced by them can be identified at an early age for optimizing the remedial outcomes.

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“…Unfortunately, the promotion and use of pseudoscientific, unvalidated treatments are common occurrences in modern times, especially for the treatment of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disorders (Kornack; Persicke, Cervantes, Jang, & Dixon, 2014; McDonald & DiGennaro Reed, 2018; Reed et al, 2017; Zane, Davis, & Rosswurm, 2008). Pseudoscientific approaches to treatment might use methods that resemble valid, accepted methods of scientific inquiry and methodology, provide little to no objective data to support claims, rely on evidence forms such as testimonials and anecdotal evidence, and may also reject established empirical methods (G. Green, 1996; Normand, 2008; Vyse, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and addressing pseudoscientific practices in the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders: Considerations for applied behavior analysis practitioners

Capuano

Killu

2020

Behavioral Interventions

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Pseudoscientific practices are commonly used and promoted in the field of developmental disabilities. Behavior analysts should anticipate encountering such treatments in practice and understand their ethical obligations with regard to these practices. Thoughts on why pseudoscientific practices are frequently sought are presented for context in understanding this complex issue. This discussion will serve to prepare behavior analysts for how to address situations in which clients may ask behavior analysts to use pseudoscientific practices. Additionally, this discussion covers arguments for the dangers of using pseudoscientific practices, a guide to resources for information on evidence‐based practice and ethics, and ideas on how to handle a situation in which a parent or caregiver asks the behavior analyst to integrate a pseudoscientific approach into the treatment of a child with a neurodevelopmental disorder.

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Economics of Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Overview of Treatment and Research Funding

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

The Role of Intelligent Technologies in Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Scoping Review

The Role of Intelligent Technologies in Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Scoping Review

A Survey of Lay Knowledge of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Malaysia

Understanding and addressing pseudoscientific practices in the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders: Considerations for applied behavior analysis practitioners

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