Economical control of indoor air quality in underground metro station using an iterative dynamic programming-based ventilation system

Abstract

A set-point of ventilation control system plays an important role for efficient ventilation inside metro stations, since it affects level of indoor air pollutants and ventilation energy consumption concurrently. In this study, to maintain indoor air quality (IAQ) at a comfortable range with a lower ventilation energy consumption, the optimal set-points of the ventilation control system were determined. The concentration of air pollutants inside the station shows a periodic diurnal variation in accordance with the number of passengers and subway frequency. To consider the diurnal variation of IAQ, an iterative dynamic programming (IDP) that searches for a piecewise control policy by separating whole system duration into several stages was applied. The optimal set-points of the ventilation control system in underground D-subway station, Korea were determined at every 3, 2, and 1 h, respectively. Then, according to the set-point changes, the ventilation controller was adjusted to an appropriate ventilation fan speed, correlating to the amount of outdoor PM10 that flows into the station. The results showed that the ventilation control system with the IDP-based optimal set-points has a better economical ventilation performance than manual ventilation system, with a 4.6% decrease in energy consumption, maintaining a comfortable IAQ level inside the station.

Characterization and Risk Assessment of Particulate Matter and Volatile Organic Compounds in Metro Carriage in Shanghai, China

“…For instance, as the largest metro traffic systems in the world, the average daily ridership in Shanghai metro system is about 8 million. Accordingly, air quality in metro system has received widespread attention [3][4][5].…”

Intelligent planning unit for the artificial intelligent based built environment focusing on human-building interaction

“…The building occupants' IAQ satisfaction was analyzed with the indoor air pollutant factors, mainly the CO 2 concentration (Aglan 2003;Hamilton et al 2016;Park and Yoon 2011;Daisey, Angell, and Apte 2003;Kim et al 2016c;Vehviläinen et al 2016). The CO 2 concentration is deeply related to ventilation and humans because CO 2 is emitted mainly through the subjects' metabolic processes and equipment use.…”

“…The itchiness of the skin and the urge to cough, two sensory processes that influence the perception of the IAQ, cannot be neglected. Wolkoff and Nielsen (2001) used volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to evaluate the perceived air quality and argued that the classic VOCs defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) are not enough for Aglan (2003) 2003 Hamilton et al (2016) 2015 Park and Yoon (2011) 2011 Daisey, Angell, and Apte (2003) 2003 Kim et al (2016c) 2016 Vehviläinen et al (2016) 2016 Hummelgaard et al (2007) 2007 VOCs Hedge (1996) 1996 Wolkoff and Nielsen (2001) 2001 Indoor climate factor temperature °C (°F) humidity (%) air velocity (m/s) Fanger (1972) 1976Varjo et al (2015 2015 Cheong et al (2003) 2003 Ravindu et al (2015) 2015 Tham (2004) 2004 Wagner et al (2007) 2007 Auliciems and Szokolay (1997) evaluation purposes, and that a broader analytical window of VOCs should be used. Hummelgaard et al (2007) recorded the subject building occupants' responses and the IEQ characteristics in their study to compare five mechanically ventilated and four naturally ventilated office buildings.…”

The Relationship between Sound and Amenities of Transit-Oriented Developments

“…A number of studies have investigated the relationship between TODs and noise. One study examined components of TODs such as the indoor and outdoor acoustic environment of metro stations [54]. Another study shows that people are reluctant to move into TODs because they are concerned about noise and vibrations [55].…”