Economic ZnCo₂O₄ Nanoflakes Chemiresistor Assisted Room-Temperature Monitoring of Low Trace Airborne Ammonia

Abstract

Even if there is a market for specifically designed ammonia sensors, room-temperature and long-term stable detection of low trace airborne ammonia represent a serious challenge that calls for immediate alternatives. This communication reports single-step hydrothermally engineered ZnCo2O4 nanoflakes for developing energy-efficient and economic ammonia-detecting chemiresistor. The formation of found nanoflakes structure with hole-like morphology was observed through scanning electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction results show the crystal structure of ZnCo2O4 to be of cubic phase and Fd-3m space group. Optical absorbance analysis exhibits the optical band gap of the ZnCo2O4 nanoflakes to be 2.71 eV. Further, a chemi-resistor was fabricated and used as an ambient room-temperature ammonia sensor. The sensor exhibits a superior sensing response of around 34.13 for 30 ppm of ammonia, whereas at 5 ppm the sensor shows a response of 3.49 with prompt response and recovery times of 1.52 and 2.12 seconds, respectively. The fabricated chemiresistor demonstrated excellent sensing performance in terms of selectivity, stability and sensitivity and recovery, response, range, room temperature operation, and repeatability. The enhanced sensing performance in an energy-efficient module is attributed to nanoflakes morphology of engineered ZnCo2O4 with a high surface area and its stable crystal structure.

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