Economic valuation of kelp forests in northern Chile: values of goods and services of the ecosystem

Vásquez, Julio A.; Zúñiga, Sergio; Tala, Fadia; Piaget, Nicole; Rodríguez, Dení; Vega, Alonso

doi:10.1007/s10811-013-0173-6

Cited by 131 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This result is strikingly different from that reported for many other marine and terrestrial systems that are experiencing consistent declines in species abundance across the globe (1-3, 6) and, in many ways, highlights the atypical resilience of kelps. However, where kelp resilience is eroding and leading to declines in abundance (7,18,54,64,66,67), impacts to ecosystem health and services can be far-reaching (19,25,26,68,69). Maintaining the resilience of kelp forest ecosystems into the future will rely on the continued monitoring of kelps and management of stressors on local and regional scales.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kelps enhance diversity and secondary productivity locally through the formation of biogenic habitat (22,23), and over broad spatial scales via detrital subsidies (24). Kelp forests support numerous ecosystem services, including commercial fisheries, nutrient cycling, and shoreline protection, valued in the range of billions of dollars annually (19,25,26). Consequently, changes in the global abundance of kelps would have far reaching impacts on ecosystem health and services.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Global patterns of kelp forest change over the past half-century

Krumhansl

Okamoto

Rassweiler

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

582

524

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Kelp forests (Order Laminariales) form key biogenic habitats in coastal regions of temperate and Arctic seas worldwide, providing ecosystem services valued in the range of billions of dollars annually. Although local evidence suggests that kelp forests are increasingly threatened by a variety of stressors, no comprehensive global analysis of change in kelp abundances currently exists.Here, we build and analyze a global database of kelp time series spanning the past half-century to assess regional and global trends in kelp abundances. We detected a high degree of geographic variation in trends, with regional variability in the direction and magnitude of change far exceeding a small global average decline (instantaneous rate of change = −0.018 y −1 ). Our analysis identified declines in 38% of ecoregions for which there are data (−0.015 to −0.18 y −1 ), increases in 27% of ecoregions (0.015 to 0.11 y −1 ), and no detectable change in 35% of ecoregions. These spatially variable trajectories reflected regional differences in the drivers of change, uncertainty in some regions owing to poor spatial and temporal data coverage, and the dynamic nature of kelp populations. We conclude that although global drivers could be affecting kelp forests at multiple scales, local stressors and regional variation in the effects of these drivers dominate kelp dynamics, in contrast to many other marine and terrestrial foundation species. A ssessing ecosystem change on a global scale has been instrumental in highlighting the magnitude of human impacts on natural ecosystems. For example, awareness of global declines in fish populations (1), coral reefs (2), and tropical rainforests (3) has substantially increased public interest and subsequent political motivation for environmental conservation. In some cases, global assessments have highlighted complex patterns of change (4, 5), which often reflect variable trajectories among regions (4). SignificanceKelp forests support diverse and productive ecological communities throughout temperate and arctic regions worldwide, providing numerous ecosystem services to humans. Literature suggests that kelp forests are increasingly threatened by a variety of human impacts, including climate change, overfishing, and direct harvest. We provide the first globally comprehensive analysis of kelp forest change over the past 50 y, identifying a high degree of variation in the magnitude and direction of change across the geographic range of kelps. These results suggest region-specific responses to global change, with local drivers playing an important role in driving patterns of kelp abundance. Increased monitoring aimed at understanding regional kelp forest dynamics is likely to prove most effective for the adaptive management of these important ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Global patterns of kelp forest change over the past half-century

Krumhansl

Okamoto

Rassweiler

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

582

524

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…해중림을 구성하는 대형갈 조류는 패류의 사료, 각종 화장품과 의약품의 원료로 널리 이용되 고 있다 (Vásquez et al, 2014). 해중림의 생태학적 및 경제학적 중 요성에도 불구하고, 최근 인간활동에 의한 해양환경오염, 기후변화 와 외래종의 침입 등에 의해 해중림은 지속적으로 감소하고 있다 (Steneck et al, 2002;Nyberg and Wallentinus, 2005;Wernberg et al, 2011).…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

Recovery Pattern and Seasonal Dynamics of Kelp Species, Ecklonia cava Population Formed Following the Large-scale Disturbance

Kim

Kang²,

Kim

2016

The Sea

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Seasonal dynamics of kelp forest-forming algae, Ecklonia cava population formed following the large-scale disturbance by Typhoon 'Bolaven' in August 2012 were investigated in Jeju Island, Korea. Morphological characteristics, recruits density, mortality rate, total density and biomass were monitored bimonthly from June 2013 to June 2015. Total and longest blade lengths, and individual weight of E. cava showed distinct seasonal trends. Stipe length increased from winter to spring, but did not show increase or reduced from summer to autumn. This indicates that morphological characteristics of E. cava are mainly affected by the change of blades. The optimal temperature for E. cava growth was about 15-18°C during winter to spring while the growths were inhibited at the water temperature above 20°C during summer. E. cava exhibited very low recruitment during spring-summer. However, high recruitment was observed on April 2015 when canopy cover was very low due to low density. This indicates that recruitment of E. cava was controlled not by seasonal effects but by physical factors such as canopy and space. The mortality rate of juvenile plants was highest due to their unstable settlement. By June 2015, 34 months after the disturbances, E. cava was almost recovered to the pre-disturbance population size structure. These results suggest that recovery of kelp forest following the large-scale disturbance requires a

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“…They also protect coastlines against erosion (Dayton et al 1984) and contribute significantly to the marine carbon cycle (Kelly 2005;Thiel et al 2007;Va´squez et al 2014). Along the Chilean coast, not only do kelp forests have ecological value, but they are also the source of raw materials for the country's alginate and biofuels industries Vega et al 2014), as well as providing food for invertebrate culture (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological convergence in the inter-holdfast coalescence process among kelp and kelp-like seaweeds (Lessonia, Macrocystis, Durvillaea)

et al. 2015

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Artículo de publicación ISISin acceso a texto completoIn brown macroalgae, intraspecific holdfast coalescence has only been studied in two species of Lessonia (Lessonia spicata and Lessonia berteroana). In both species coalescence followed the same general pattern: once the connection between holdfasts was established, the contact areas showed significant cellular morphological modifications. Typical epidermal cells became polygonal and similar to cortical cells. In addition, coalescence involved the de novo formation of secondary plasmodesmata, establishing a direct cytoplasm connection within neighbouring cells, where dense materials, vacuoles and organelles can be observed. In the present study, we demonstrate intraspecific holdfast coalescence in two additional kelp species, Lessonia trabeculata and Macrocystis pyrifera, as well as in the kelp-like seaweed, Durvillaea antarctica. The process of holdfast fusions in these species is similar to that described previously and suggests that this is a generalized phenomenon among kelp and kelp-like brown algae. In addition, the formation of cytoplasmic connections between genetically different brown algal individuals is shown for the first time.Fondecyt 1120129 1111012

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Economic valuation of kelp forests in northern Chile: values of goods and services of the ecosystem

Cited by 131 publications

References 20 publications

Global patterns of kelp forest change over the past half-century

Global patterns of kelp forest change over the past half-century

Recovery Pattern and Seasonal Dynamics of Kelp Species, Ecklonia cava Population Formed Following the Large-scale Disturbance

Morphological convergence in the inter-holdfast coalescence process among kelp and kelp-like seaweeds (Lessonia, Macrocystis, Durvillaea)

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