Economic Models of French Amateur Soccer Clubs. From One Crisis to the Other: Which Transformation?

Terrien, Mickael; Dufau, Bastien; Carin, Yann; Andreff, Wladimir

doi:10.1080/24704067.2021.1910060

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This is why we decided to further investigate the clusters created in this SBM 14,2 research. In addition to professional football, we can also find studies applying cluster analysis to amateur football (Terrien et al, 2021) and professional basketball (Terrien et al, 2023). As leagues strive for long-term competitiveness, they need to pay attention to the financial aspect parallel to the sporting success.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legend of leagues: heterogeneity in the revenue structure of European national leagues

Havran,

Kajos,

Mazzag

2023

SBM

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PurposeThe environmental characteristics of international football can vary significantly from one country to another. As a result, the economic and market possibilities and the objectives of each national league are very heterogeneous. This article aims to examine the differences in revenue structures amongst European national football leagues (n = 50) and cluster them based on these structures. It also investigates which revenue structure would be more effective for similar leagues, considering the previously mentioned varying environmental characteristics of international football.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilises a theoretical framework of business modelling, applied in a unique way to league organisers of national championships. Data on sports and business aspects were collected from sources such as the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) Financial Benchmarking Reports, transfermarkt.de and related sources for the period 2015 to 2018. K-means cluster analysis, using the Euclidean distance approach, was employed to develop clusters based on revenue sources over a four-year average.FindingsThe paper presents the characteristics and year-to-year changes of nine developed clusters. Throughout the analysis, variables such as average overpayment and inequality between player values amongst leagues were prioritised. The study's practical implications can assist league organisers in enhancing the competitiveness of their leagues, supported by short case studies that provide illustrative examples.Originality/valueThe novelty of the current article lies in introducing innovative variables such as the variance of player value whilst focussing on meso-level analysis, providing a fresh contribution to the existing literature in the field for understanding revenue structures and performance in European national football leagues.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legend of leagues: heterogeneity in the revenue structure of European national leagues

Havran,

Kajos,

Mazzag

2023

SBM

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“…La méthode repose sur une analyse en composantes principales (ACP) puis sur la méthode K-means. Cette démarche statistique éprouvée (Terrien et al, 2021a) permettra de classifier les clubs selon leurs sources de revenus et de dépenses. Un procédé similaire sera ensuite utilisé pour mettre à jour les facteurs explicatifs de ces modèles (activités du club et niveau de professionnalisation ; Chantelat, 2001 ;Nagel et al, 2015).…”

Section: Les Modeles Economiques Des Associations Sportives : Le Cas ...unclassified

“…Il est également opportun de rappeler que l'analyse du modèle économique des clubs ne peut être complète en ne considérant qu'isolément la ventilation des recettes ou des dépenses (Andreff et Scelles, 2016). Terrien et al (2021a) ont identifié quatre groupes de clubs de football français évoluant au plus haut niveau national amateur 3. La Figure 1 propose une synthèse de leur analyse taxonomique, basée non seulement sur leurs recettes et leurs dépenses, mais aussi sur leur orientation stratégique, entre maximisation des victoires et profitabilité (Terrien et al, 2017).…”

Section: Catégorisation Des Modèles éConomiques D'associations Sportivesunclassified

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The Economic Models of Sports Associations: The Case of Handball Clubs in Northern France

Janssoone¹,

Feuillet

Jéöl

et al. 2022

Management Et Organisations Du Sport

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LES MODELES ECONOMIQUES DES ASSOCIATIONS SPORTIVES : LE CAS DES CLUBS DE HANDBALL DU NORD DE LA FRANCE The French Handball Federation has put at the heart of its strategic project the will to see its clubs diversify their financial resources and multiply the practice offers (health, leisure...) to remain attractive in a changing sport context. In order to accompany this process, this research focuses on the economic models of handball clubs in order to categorize them and identify development levers. Different statistical methods were applied to achieve this. A principal component analysis and a K-means classification allow us to propose a double taxonomy of the clubs: their economic models and their level of professionalization. These methods were applied to the clubs of the Comité Nord (59 clubs), which were contacted by sending a questionnaire. The reading grid created allows to characterize the current situation of the French handball clubs and to identify different opportunities and threats for each of the identified categories. La fédération française de handball a mis au cœur de son projet stratégique la volonté de voir ses clubs diversifier leurs ressources financières et multiplier les offres de pratique (santé, loisir…) pour rester attractif dans un contexte sportif en mutation. Afin d’accompagner ce processus, cette recherche s’intéresse aux modèles économiques des clubs de handball dans l’objectif de les catégoriser et d’identifier des leviers de développement. Différentes méthodes statistiques ont été appliquées pour y parvenir. Une analyse en composantes principales (ACP) et une classification K-means permettent de proposer une double taxonomie des clubs : de leurs modèles économiques et de leur niveau de professionnalisation. Ces méthodes sont appliquées aux clubs du Comité Nord (59 clubs) qui ont été sollicités par l’envoi d’un questionnaire. La grille de lecture créée permet de caractériser la situation actuelle des clubs de handball français et d’identifier différentes opportunités et menaces pour chacune des catégories identifiées.

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“…Dandah and Chiweshe (2021) note that COVID-19 has exacerbated existing issues in Zimbabwean football and argue that the sport needs stronger organizational structures. Terrien et al (2021) discuss the impact of two crises; the economic crisis of 2007/8, and the COVID-19 crisis. The authors find that although the clubs they analyze within the French football system appear to be in better financial shape than they were at the start of the economic crisis of 2007/8, the potential for another economic crisis triggered by COVID-19 remains a threat to the survival of sports clubs.…”

Section: Covid-19 Sport and Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Global Economic Downturn on Sport Management

Parnell

Widdop

May

et al. 2021

Journal of Global Sport Management

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This special issue was inspired by the challenges faced by sport managers in our global community in the face of the economic downturn. During the calls for the special issue, society faced one of its most unprecedented challenges, COVID-19. This provide significant shock waves to the daily rituals in sport and society. The manuscripts in this special issue provide an insight into sport management during this period. The research presented is both rich and diverse and we believe provides readers and the global sport management community with important contributions for reflection and learning from a policy, management and practical level.

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Economic Models of French Amateur Soccer Clubs. From One Crisis to the Other: Which Transformation?

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Legend of leagues: heterogeneity in the revenue structure of European national leagues

Legend of leagues: heterogeneity in the revenue structure of European national leagues

The Economic Models of Sports Associations: The Case of Handball Clubs in Northern France

The Impact of Global Economic Downturn on Sport Management

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