Economic losses due to brucellosis in India

Bardhan, D.; Kumar, Saurabh; Verma, Medram; Bangar, Yogesh C.

doi:10.5958/0974-0147.2020.00002.1

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…That study estimated that brucellosis caused a loss of USD 6.8 per cattle and USD 18.2 per buffalo which was less than our estimated cost of five reproductive problems (INR 2424.9/USD 36.1) per animal. Another recent study in India estimated a total loss of INR 92,120 (USD 1370.8) million for the country because of brucellosis [52] which is again seems lower than our estimate. It seems quite obvious as they estimated the cost of reproductive problems only caused by brucellosis, however, we estimated the cost of reproductive problems irrespective of etiology.…”

Section: Economic Cost Of Reproductive Problemscontrasting

confidence: 93%

Estimates of the Economic Cost Caused by Five Major Reproductive Problems in Dairy Animals in Assam and Bihar, India

Deka

Magnusson

Randolph

et al. 2021

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reproductive problems in dairy animals reduce fertility, prevent conception, create problems in the delivery of healthy calves, lead to postpartum complications, increase inter-calving periods, reduce milk yield, and lower overall lifetime productivity. This study aimed at understanding the incidence of reproductive problems and the cost caused by these. The study covered 954 dairy animals in Bihar and 1348 dairy animals in Assam that were selected using a multi-stage random sampling method. The costs were calculated as the sum of income losses and expenditures incurred. The major cost incurred resulted from extended calving intervals (46.1% of the total cost), followed by loss through salvage selling (38.1%), expenditure for treatment of repeat breeders (5.9%), loss of milk production (5.3%) and expenditure for extra inseminations (2.0%). About one fifth of the selected reproductive problems were left untreated. The estimated cost of reproductive problems was Indian Rupees (INR) 2424.9 (USD 36.1) per dairy animal per year (of the total dairy animal population) which represented approximately 4.1% of the mean value loss of dairy animals (INR 58,966/USD 877) per year. Reproductive problems were significantly (p < 0.001) higher among improved (exotic breed or cross-bred) dairy animals than indigenous (native breed or nondescript indigenous) dairy animals. The study suggests that with the increase of improved dairy animal population, the loss may further increase. The study concludes that any economic estimation of reproduction problems based on aetiology without confirmatory diagnoses could be highly misleading because of the complex nature of the problems.

show abstract

Section: Economic Cost Of Reproductive Problemscontrasting

confidence: 93%

Estimates of the Economic Cost Caused by Five Major Reproductive Problems in Dairy Animals in Assam and Bihar, India

Deka

Magnusson

Randolph

et al. 2021

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Brucellosis remains endemic in many parts of the world, including the Middle East, Africa, Latin America, Central Asia, and several regions of the Mediterranean [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Brucella melitensis , Brucella abortus, and Brucella suis are the most important members of the genus because they are responsible for the human disease [ 5 , 6 ] and for significant economic losses in livestock [ 7 , 8 ], while Brucella canis , Brucella neotomae , and Brucella ovis display less or non-zoonotic potential [ 9 ]. Recently, many other species have been described in aquatic mammals (like Brucella pinnipedialis and Brucella ceti ) and other wildlife such as Brucella papionis , Brucella microti , Brucella inopinata, and Brucella vulpis [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucella: Reservoirs and Niches in Animals and Humans

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Brucella is an intracellular bacterium that causes abortion, reproduction failure in livestock and leads to a debilitating flu-like illness with serious chronic complications if untreated in humans. As a successful intracellular pathogen, Brucella has developed strategies to avoid recognition by the immune system of the host and promote its survival and replication. In vivo, Brucellae reside mostly within phagocytes and other cells including trophoblasts, where they establish a preferred replicative niche inside the endoplasmic reticulum. This process is central as it gives Brucella the ability to maintain replicating-surviving cycles for long periods of time, even at low bacterial numbers, in its cellular niches. In this review, we propose that Brucella takes advantage of the environment provided by the cellular niches in which it resides to generate reservoirs and disseminate to other organs. We will discuss how the favored cellular niches for Brucella infection in the host give rise to anatomical reservoirs that may lead to chronic infections or persistence in asymptomatic subjects, and which may be considered as a threat for further contamination. A special emphasis will be put on bone marrow, lymph nodes, reproductive and for the first time adipose tissues, as well as wildlife reservoirs.

show abstract

“…The economic losses arise from the direct reduction in milk yield (Herrera et al 2008) and other costs derived from abortions, increased inter-calving period, the presence of fewer animals in milk at any given time, repeat breeding, and culling of cows seropositive to brucellosis. Additional economic harm arises from the hindrance of free animal movement, which impedes the import and export of livestock, and increases replacement cost, among other causes (Deka et al 2018; Bardhan et al 2020;Ibrahim et al 2021). Additional negative repercussions of brucellosis are the occurrence of stillbirths, abortion, birth of weak calves, infertility, epididymitis and orchitis in bulls (Arif et al 2017;Choudhary et al 2019; Meng and Zhuqing 2020), veterinary and medical expenditures, and expenses for the control program of this disease (Tamba et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors associated with testing positive for brucellosis and occurrence of abortion in high-yielding Holstein heifers

Luna

Encina

Álvarez

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This retrospective study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis (bBR) in high-yielding Holstein heifers and identify risk factors associated with seropositivity to this disease. An additional aim was to assess the heifer-related risk factors for abortion. This study was carried out on a commercial dairy farm in northern Mexico (25° N) using 3848 heifers from 2018 to 2021. The seroprevalence of bBR was 30% (95% CI = 29–32%) for lactating heifers (card test). Multiple logistic regression models indicated that heifers with > 680 kg at calving had half the risk of being positive to bBR than heifers with < 680 kg at calving (22.7 vs. 36.1%). Heifers suffering from diarrhea during the growing period were 1.3 times more likely to be seropositive to bBR than heifers not diagnosed with this disease (34.1 vs. 29.4%; P < 0.01). The risk of being seropositive to bBR increased in heifers suffering from retained placenta compared with heifers not suffering from this reproductive disorder (OR = 2.46; 47.5 vs. 26.3%). Heifers vaccinated with two doses of commercial vaccines against brucellosis were associated (P < 0.01) with 2.2 times higher odds of being seropositive to bBR than heifers vaccinated only once. Heifers seropositive to bBR were 3.1 times more likely to abort than heifers seronegative to this disease (38.5 vs. 16.2%; P < 0.01). Heifers with body condition score (BCS) ≥ 3.5 at calving (OR = 0.3) had a protective role for seropositive to bBR. The likelihood of having an abortion was 3.1 times higher in heifers diagnosed with retained placenta than in those not having this reproductive disorder. It was concluded that brucellosis control programs should focus on age at first calving, retained placenta, and the number of brucellosis strain RB51 vaccinations applied to heifers. Increasing BCS was advantageous to achieve lower abortion rates.

show abstract

Economic losses due to brucellosis in India

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Estimates of the Economic Cost Caused by Five Major Reproductive Problems in Dairy Animals in Assam and Bihar, India

Estimates of the Economic Cost Caused by Five Major Reproductive Problems in Dairy Animals in Assam and Bihar, India

Brucella: Reservoirs and Niches in Animals and Humans

Risk factors associated with testing positive for brucellosis and occurrence of abortion in high-yielding Holstein heifers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About