Economic crisis and occupational integration of recent immigrants in Western Europe

Abstract

There are two models of inclusion of recent immigrants in Western Europe. In the Continental model immigrants are penalized in terms of both probabilities of being employed and job quality. In the Mediterranean one there is a stronger trade-off between a limited risk of unemployment and a lower job quality. Did the recession foster a convergence or a divergence between these two models? This article focuses on this issue and analyses the integration of immigrants in 10 countries, using EU-LFS data (2005–2012) and considering two occupational outcomes: the probability of being employed, and the probability of avoiding the unskilled working class. It also studies the turnover between unemployment and dependent employment. The crisis generated a partial and limited convergence between the two models, involving only male immigrants living in Southern Europe. In these countries immigrants experienced higher risks of unemployment because the crisis diminished their turnover between unemployment and dependent employment.

Heat Stress Perception among Native and Migrant Workers in Italian Industries—Case Studies from the Construction and Agricultural Sectors

“…For this reason, in Italy, since summer 2017, some case studies have been organized, gathering information on topics related to the heat-stress perception and management collected through the submission of questionnaires to native and migrant workers employed in the agricultural and construction sectors. There is currently no information available on this topic, even if a significant increase in cultural diversity in the work population has been observed and, during periods of extreme heat, there may be disparities in the adaptive capacity of minority groups [18,19]. The main aim of this study is to investigate how cultural aspects can influence heat-stress perception and management among native and immigrant workers, in order to inform health care decision making aimed at reducing socio-cultural gaps and their influences on heat-stress vulnerability.…”

Ethnic penalty and occupational mobility in the Italian labour market

“…Thus, foreign workers in Italy have high chances of being employed (without significant differences compared to natives) but, at the same time, are highly segregated, as confirmed by some cross-national studies Panichella, 2015, 2018;Fullin, 2014;Reyneri and Fullin, 2011). The onset of the economic crisis in 2008 did not modify this situation (Avola, 2013(Avola, , 2018Fellini, 2018;Fellini and Fullin, 2018;Panichella, 2018): while the native labour force in high-qualified jobs with good employment conditions has decreased, immigrants have been the driver of the growth of low-skilled, low-income and insecure employment in the country. 1 On this ground, the present work aims to investigate the occupational trajectories of immigrants in Italy and to understand whether their high segregation in the unskilled jobs is a permanent condition or if there are some chances for upward mobility during their stay in the host country.…”

“…Thus, foreign workers in Italy have high chances of being employed (without significant differences compared to natives) but, at the same time, are highly segregated, as confirmed by some cross-national studies (Ballarino and Panichella, 2015, 2018; Fullin, 2014; Reyneri and Fullin, 2011). The onset of the economic crisis in 2008 did not modify this situation (Avola, 2013, 2018; Fellini, 2018; Fellini and Fullin, 2018; Panichella, 2018): while the native labour force in high-qualified jobs with good employment conditions has decreased, immigrants have been the driver of the growth of low-skilled, low-income and insecure employment in the country. 1…”

How National Institutions Shape Skilled Immigrants’ Chances of Getting Hired: Evidence from Harmonised Factorial Surveys with Employers in Germany and England

“…Empirical research shows that compared with individuals with native qualifications, foreign-educated immigrants are disadvantaged in the labour market and have lower returns on education (Arbeit and Warren 2013;Kanas and Van Tubergen 2009;Zeng and Xie 2004). From a comparative perspective, it is noted that the extent to which immigrants succeed in the labour market varies across receiving countries Panichella 2015, 2017;Büchel and Frick 2005;Kogan 2006;Panichella 2018). Immigrants' chances are particularly poor in countries where the education system is more vocationally orientated (Kreyenfeld and Konietzka 2002;Lancee 2016).…”