Economic Costs of Diabetes in the U.S. in 2002

Abstract

AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATIONOBJECTIVEdThis study updates previous estimates of the economic burden of diagnosed diabetes and quantifies the increased health resource use and lost productivity associated with diabetes in 2012.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSdThe study uses a prevalence-based approach that combines the demographics of the U.S. population in 2012 with diabetes prevalence, epidemiological data, health care cost, and economic data into a Cost of Diabetes Model. Health resource use and associated medical costs are analyzed by age, sex, race/ethnicity, insurance coverage, medical condition, and health service category. Data sources include national surveys, Medicare standard analytical files, and one of the largest claims databases for the commercially insured population in the U.S.RESULTSdThe total estimated cost of diagnosed diabetes in 2012 is $245 billion, including $176 billion in direct medical costs and $69 billion in reduced productivity. The largest components of medical expenditures are hospital inpatient care (43% of the total medical cost), prescription medications to treat the complications of diabetes (18%), antidiabetic agents and diabetes supplies (12%), physician office visits (9%), and nursing/residential facility stays (8%). People with diagnosed diabetes incur average medical expenditures of about $13,700 per year, of which about $7,900 is attributed to diabetes. People with diagnosed diabetes, on average, have medical expenditures approximately 2.3 times higher than what expenditures would be in the absence of diabetes. For the cost categories analyzed, care for people with diagnosed diabetes accounts for more than 1 in 5 health care dollars in the U.S., and more than half of that expenditure is directly attributable to diabetes. Indirect costs include increased absenteeism ($5 billion) and reduced productivity while at work ($20.8 billion) for the employed population, reduced productivity for those not in the labor force ($2.7 billion), inability to work as a result of diseaserelated disability ($21.6 billion), and lost productive capacity due to early mortality ($18.5 billion).CONCLUSIONSdThe estimated total economic cost of diagnosed diabetes in 2012 is $245 billion, a 41% increase from our previous estimate of $174 billion (in 2007 dollars). This estimate highlights the substantial burden that diabetes imposes on society. Additional components of societal burden omitted from our study include intangibles from pain and suffering, resources from care provided by nonpaid caregivers, and the burden associated with undiagnosed diabetes.

Quality of Care of the Initial Patient Cohort of the Diabetes Collaborative Registry ®

“…Diabetes mellitus presently affects an estimated 30 million people in the United States,3 with increases evident in every age group, in both sexes, in every racial/ethnic group, by all education levels, and in all income brackets 4. Despite significant advances in treatment and outcomes,5 the impact of diabetes mellitus continues to be substantial on cardiovascular complications, mortality,6 and resource use 7, 8, 9, 10. In response to the increasing prevalence and impact of diabetes mellitus, evidence‐based care guidelines11, 12, 13, 14 and performance measures have been developed for the care of patients with diabetes mellitus 15, 16, 17.…”

Physical inactivity of adults and 1-year health care expenditures in Brazil

“…This is a great concern because physical inactivity is a relevant risk factor related to chronic diseases and early mortality (Admiraal et al 2011;Arsenault et al 2010;Beunza et al 2007;WHO 2006). Parallel to this there is increasing literature, identifying that chronic diseases have a significant burden over health care costs in both developed and developing countries (Arredondo et al 2005;Bahia et al 2012;Hogan et al 2003). Chronic diseases have been associated to higher expenditures and health care services, specially related to diabetes.…”

“…In Brazil, in a recent study (Bahia et al 2012) estimated the total yearly costs with all the diseases related to overweight and obesity around US$ 2.1 billion, which represents approximately 10 % of entire outpatient costs. In the United States of America, Hogan et al (2003) found that the direct and indirect costs related to medicines for diabetes control expenditures were US$ 132 billion.…”

Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Activities of Methanolic Leaf Extract of <i>Stephania japonica</i> in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

“…The American Diabetes Association (ADA) estimated the national expenses of diabetes in the USA for 2002 to be US132 billion, increasing to US192 billion in 2020 [3]. Recently, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, sulfonylureas, D-phenylalanine and α-glucosidase inhibitors along with insulin are extensively used in the treatment of diabetes by a sustained reduction in hyperglycemia.…”