Economic and Hierarchical Control Multi-Thermal Load for Bidding Ancillary Service

Gao, Yixiang; Li, Shuhui; Lin, Bo

doi:10.1109/psc.2018.8664034

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…Since MPC requires optimization of a sometimes complex objective function, it alone is not fast enough to ensure response to fast ancillary service signals. Many studies use a hierarchical control scheme to solve this problem [9,34,47,83,[88][89][90][91]. This hierarchical control scheme combines the strategies for local and aggregate control with prediction methods used for baseline and capacity determination.…”

Section: Hierarchicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Providing Grid Services With Heat Pumps: A Review

Lee

Sun

et al. 2020

ASME Journal of Engineering for Sustainable Buildings and Cities

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The integration of variable and intermittent renewable energy generation into the power system is a grand challenge to our efforts to achieve a sustainable future. Flexible demand is one solution to this challenge, where the demand can be controlled to follow energy supply, rather than the conventional way of controlling energy supply to follow demand. Recent research has shown that electric building climate control systems like heat pumps can provide this demand flexibility by effectively storing energy as heat in the thermal mass of the building. While some forms of heat pump demand flexibility have been implemented in the form of peak pricing and utility demand response programs, controlling heat pumps to provide ancillary services like frequency regulation, load following, and reserve have yet to be widely implemented. In this paper, we review the recent advances and remaining challenges in controlling heat pumps to provide these grid services. This analysis includes heat pump and building modeling, control methods both for isolated heat pumps and heat pumps in aggregate, and the potential implications that this concept has on the power system.

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