Ecological study of socio-economic indicators and prevalence of asthma in schoolchildren in urban Brazil

Abstract

Background: There is evidence of higher prevalence of asthma in populations of lower socioeconomic status in affluent societies, and the prevalence of asthma is also very high in some Latin American countries, where societies are characterized by a marked inequality in wealth. This study aimed to examine the relationship between estimates of asthma prevalence based on surveys conducted in children in Brazilian cities and health and socioeconomic indicators measured at the population level in the same cities.

Association Between HLA-DQ Genotypes and Haplotypes vs Helicobacter pylori Infection in an Indonesian Population

“…The present approaches are ecological studies using international groups/areas as units. Naturally, the level of evidence is low (Da Cunha et al, 2007). There may exist ecological fallacies when drawing individual-based inferences on the basis of group-level data.…”

Social determinants of intra-urban differentials of admissions by respiratory diseases in Salvador (BA), Brazil

“…This index was the major determinant of both hospitalizations for asthma and pneumonia, and of RDs as a whole, increasing hospitalization rates by more than 50%, but it lost its magnitude when associated with other variables. A study called the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) 3 , conducted in Brazil, demonstrated the importance of this index on the prevalence of asthma in children between 13 and 14 years old.…”

“…These determinants have increased the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, as well as the risk of dying from lung disease. Global indicators, such as the Gini index (a marker of the degree of inequality) have also shown this association 3 . The importance of this group of diseases in the world in the coming years is evident with the prediction that, in 2030, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and respiratory infections are among the five leading causes of death 4 .…”

Desigualdades regionais na prevalência de diagnóstico de asma em crianças: uma análise da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios, 2003

“…Asma é uma doença caracterizada por limitação do fluxo nas vias aéreas, sendo considerada dentre as doenças crônicas uma das mais prevalentes na infância, com importante incremento na sua prevalência 2 , principalmente a partir da década de 70 3,4,5 . Esse crescimento pode ser explicado pela combinação de fatores ambientais e de estilo de vida 2,6,7 .…”