Ecological Risk Assessment of a Tropical Lake System

Swarnalatha, K.; Letha, J.; Ayoob, S.

doi:10.4090/juee.2013.v7n2.323329

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Cd (30), As (10), Cu (5), Pb (5), Cr ( 2), Zn (1), and As (10) [65]. C i is the concentration of metal in the sample and C n is a reference value of upper continental crust.…”

Section: Potential Ecological Risk Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals Contamination and Ecological Risk Assessment in Surface Sediments of Namal Lake, Pakistan

Javed¹,

Ahmad²,

Mashiatullah³

2018

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Heavy metals pollution is a worldwide problem that has grown during the past few decades because of their toxicity, extensive sources, non-biodegradable characteristics, and accumulative behaviors in aquatic environments [1][2][3]. These metals are identified as a significant indicator for degradation of aquatic environments. Enormous quantities of metals are being released into the environment both from anthropogenicrelated processes and natural sources through direct discharge into water or indirectly through stormwater runoff, domestic effluents, fossil fuel combustion, and atmospheric depositions [4]. Heavy metals ultimately Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 27, No. 2 (2018), 675-688 Original Research Heavy Metals Contamination and Ecological Risk AbstractHeavy metal concentrations were determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) in surface sediments of Namal Lake, Pakistan. The metals content in sediment varied significantly and were in the order of Al>Fe>Mn>V>Zn>Cr>Ni>Cu>As>Co>Pb>Cd. Except for Al, the average concentrations of metals were higher than the average value of the upper continental crust (UCC). The significant positive correlations among heavy metals (p<0.01) suggested that these metals originated from the same sources. The pollution indices indicated severe contamination of sediments with As, Cd, and Ni. The sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) revealed that 19.2% of As, 11.5% of Cr, and 88.5% of Ni from all the sampling sites exceeded the probable effect level (PEL). The computed average risk index (RI) of single elements were in the following order Cd(411.9)>As(69.0)>Ni(15.4)>Cu(10.0)>Cr(4.3)> Pb(3.66)>Zn(1.7). Principle component analysis (PCA) extracted three components explaining (76.136%) of total variance of chemical data and were highly to moderately loaded with Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Al, As, Cd, Ni, V, Cr, TOC, pH, CaCO 3 , and Pb in three principal components (PCs). The results obtained from cluster analysis, correlation of heavy metals, and principal component analysis suggested the origin of metals from both anthropogenic and natural sources.

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“…Cd (30), As (10), Cu (5), Pb (5), Cr ( 2), Zn (1), and As (10) [65]. C i is the concentration of metal in the sample and C n is a reference value of upper continental crust.…”

Section: Potential Ecological Risk Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals Contamination and Ecological Risk Assessment in Surface Sediments of Namal Lake, Pakistan

Javed¹,

Ahmad²,

Mashiatullah³

2018

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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“…CD is the sum of all contamination factors, which provides information about total contamination in a particular sampling location (Singovszka et al, 2014;Bhutiani et al, 2017). Contamination degree is often expressed based on the formula previously described by Hakanson (1980) and have been applied by Bhutiani et al (2017), Uriah and Shehu (2014), Singovszka et al (2014), Soliman et al (2015), Todorova et al (2016), Ghaleno et al (2015), Fiori et al (2013), Karydas et al (2015), Zhu et al (2012), Elias et al (2014), Mohseni-Bandpei et al (2016), Swarnalatha et al (2013), Hassaan et al (2016), Vowotor et al (2014), Ghazaryan et al (2015), Qingjie et al (2008), Odukoya et al (2016).…”

Section: Pollution Load Assessment Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, pollution index and or/ contamination indices is an important tool for processing, analyzing, and conveying raw environmental information to decision makers, managers, technicians, environmentalist and the general public at large (Caeiro et al, 2005;Sarala andSabitha, 2012). 1980;Sutherland, 2000;Tijani et al, 2004;Yu et al, 2004;Qingjie et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2010Wang et al, , 2016Liang et al, 2011;Suresh et al, 2011;Yang et al 2011;Sarala and Sabitha, 2012;Zhu et al, 2012;Fiori et al, 2013;Swarnalatha et al, 2013;Elias et al, 2014;Jiang et al, 2014;Singovszka et al, 2014;Tang et al, 2014;Uriah and Shehu, 2014;Vowotor et al, 2014;Al-Anbari et al, 2015;Ghaleno et al, 2015;Ghazaryan et al, 2015;Karydas et al, 2015;Soliman et al, 2015;Hassaan et al, 2016;Mohseni-Bandpei et al, 2016;Todorova et al, 2016;Bhutiani et al, 2017). But information on pollution load of heavy metals resulting from the discharge of cassava mill effluents into the soil is scanty in literature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Pollution Load Indices of Heavy Metals in Cassava Mill Effluents Contaminated Soil: a Case Study of Small-scale Processors in a Rural Community in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Izah¹,

Bassey²,

Ohimain³

2017

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Cassava mill effluents are discharged into the environment by smallholder cassava processor in rural communities in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Cassava mill effluents are known to induce toxicity in some biodiversity such as livestock (sheep, goat), vegetation, microorganisms and fisheries. This study evaluated the pollution load indices of heavy metals in cassava mill effluents contaminated soil in rural community in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Secondary data from cassava mill effluents soil were used for the study. The data were classified based on seasons. The pollution load was calculated following standard protocol. Nine pollution indices were considered including Contamination factor (CF), Degree of contamination (CD), Pollution load index (PLI), Pollution index (PI), Sum of pollution index (SPI), Pollution index/ Contamination Index (PI/CI), Metal pollution Index (MPI), Average Pollution Index (API) and Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI). In few instance that some heavy metals was not detected, 50% of mean detected individual metals were considered for the location that the metals were not detected. Geometric (BGM) and median mean (BMM) were considered for the background scenarios except for API and PI/CI in which median mean was used. The pollution load resulting from these heavy metals viz: Fe, Cr, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, Mn, Pb and Cd revealed that CF and CD had low to moderate contamination level in both seasons apart from Pb that had considerable pollution in one of the locations for wet season, PLI were within no pollution to moderate pollution, PI were also within no pollution to low pollution level and NIPI were within warning line of pollution to low level of pollution for dry season, and warning line of pollution to high pollution in wet season. MPI, PI/CI and API showed slight pollution. The findings of this study also showed that cassava processing by smallholder in rural communities in the Niger Delta is slightly contributing to heavy metals pollution is receiving soil which varies according to seasons. Furthermore, age and heavy metal content in the cassava tuber and quantity of cassava processed in each mill and other anthropogenic activities could account for difference in pollution among the various locations, while runoff resulting from rainfall could account for the seasonal influence.

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“…Where Tr is the toxic response factor viz: Cr = 2, Pb = Cu =5, Cd = 30 and Zn = 1 (Hakanson, 1980), Ni = 5 (Xu et al, 2008;Soliman et al, 2015;Bhutiani et al, 2017), Co = 5 (Swarnalatha et al, 2013) and Mn = 1 (Xu et al, 2008;Soliman et al, 2015) and CF represents the contamination factor (Table 2). …”

Section: Er = Tr X Cf (Equ 1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Environmental Factors on Seed Germination of <i>Salix linearistipularis</i>

Ma¹,

Xu²,

Qi³

et al. 2018

msb

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This study evaluated the ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in cassava mill effluents contaminated soil in rural community in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Secondary data was used for the ecological risk assessment. Two background scenarios i.e. geometric mean (BGM) and median mean (BMM) was used as the reference value. The heavy metals that were assessed for ecological risk include viz: Cr, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, Mn, Pb and Cd. 50% of mean detected individual heavy metals were considered for the location that was not detected. Assessment of the ecological risk was carried out following well established protocol. The results of the potential ecological risk (ER), Ecological risk index (ERI) and Monomial potential ecological risk (MPER) of heavy metals showed low risk under both scenarios except for Cd in one of the locations that showed moderate risk for MPER under both background scenarios in wet season. The distribution of the heavy metals based on potential ecological risk were in the order; Cd > Ni > = Pb > Co > Cu> Cr > Mn = Zn (BMM) and Cd > Pb > Ni = Co > Cu = Cr > Mn > Zn (BGM) for wet season and Cd > Pb = Ni = Cu > Co > Cr > Mn = Zn (BMM) and Cd > Pb > Cu = Co > Ni > Cr > Mn = Zn for dry season. The study showed low ecological risk associated with cassava mill discharged into the environment.

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Ecological Risk Assessment of a Tropical Lake System

Cited by 26 publications

References 19 publications

Heavy Metals Contamination and Ecological Risk Assessment in Surface Sediments of Namal Lake, Pakistan

Heavy Metals Contamination and Ecological Risk Assessment in Surface Sediments of Namal Lake, Pakistan

Assessment of Pollution Load Indices of Heavy Metals in Cassava Mill Effluents Contaminated Soil: a Case Study of Small-scale Processors in a Rural Community in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Effects of Environmental Factors on Seed Germination of <i>Salix linearistipularis</i>

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