Ecological quality dynamics around marine reserves in the Bohai Sea coastal zone and their relationship with landscape artificialization

Fan, Xin; Jia, Zhongjun; Dai, Xiaoyan; Sun, Ninghui; Han, Fengbin; Lu, Jingli

doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00778

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Lots of conceptual models proposed by researchers [3,30,59] highlight the ecological mechanisms linking protected areas to surrounding lands [8]. It has been recognized that protected areas should be managed in a range larger than their borders to avoid ecological isolation and threat caused by the artificialization of surrounding landscapes [8,22,60]. Where formal protection of land is not possible outside the protected area estate, other conservation interventions should be considered (the relevant provisions in spatial development plans are particularly important) [59,61,62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That is why further verification of the conclusions made based on more detailed data is planned for the future. It has long been acknowledged that many protected areas may be too small to be viable and that they require careful management to provide conservation benefits in the long term [22]. Indeed, a team by Clark [16] found that it is the smaller protected areas that have proved particularly vulnerable, a result that is also found in other areas around the world [71][72][73].…”

Section: Limitations and Further Research Directionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, not all protected areas are fulfilling their conservation objectives [12][13][14][15]. As the human population increases, pressures on habitats are intensifying with unknown consequences for protected area effectiveness [16][17][18][19][20], and recent work has identified a range of drivers of biodiversity loss in protected areas [18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Landscape Changes in Protected Areas in Poland

Zbierska¹

2022

Sustainability

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Land-Use Cover Changes (LUCCs) are one of the main problems for the preservation of landscapes and natural biodiversity. Protected Areas (PAs) do not escape this threat. Poland is among the European leaders in terms of the variety of landscapes and the share of an area designated as a protected area. However, as many as 78% of the habitats have poor or bad conservation status based on EEA reports. This article analyzes the LUCCs between 2000 and 2018 in various types of the Polish legal forms of nature protection areas and the European Natura 2000 network within the country. The research material was: the data of Corine Land Cover (CLC), the Central Register of Nature Protection Forms, and high-resolution layers, such as HRL and orthophotos. The results were compiled according to the CLC class and forms of protection. The matrix of transformations showed that the most frequently transformed CLC class was 312 (coniferous forest). It was transformed into class 324 (transitional woodland shrubs). The changes in PAs were usually smaller than in the surrounding buffer zones, which may indicate their effectiveness. The exception was the areas of the European Natura 2000 network. The scale of land-cover flows (LCFs) changed within particular forms of protected areas, though afforestation and deforestation predominating in all area types. National reserves and parks were the most stable in terms of land cover structures. However, human settlements increased around the protected areas, potentially increasing threats to their ecological integrity.

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