Ecological features and swimming capabilities of deep-sea sharks from New Zealand

Pinte, Nicolas; Parisot, Pascaline; Martin, Ulrich; Zintzen, Vincent; Vleeschouwer, Christophe De; Roberts, Clive D.; Mallefet, Jérôme

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2019.103187

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The question remains concerning bioluminescence in the largest luminous vertebrate; why does D. licha emit light ventrally to counterilluminate when it has few or no predators? Pinte et al (2020), analyzed the swimming speed of several New Zealand deep-sea sharks, and found that D. licha possesses one of the slowest cruise swimming speeds ever measured in sharks. Conversely, this species is assumed to possess a high burst capability (Pinte et al, 2020).…”

Section: Luminescence Of Dalatias Lichamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pinte et al (2020), analyzed the swimming speed of several New Zealand deep-sea sharks, and found that D. licha possesses one of the slowest cruise swimming speeds ever measured in sharks. Conversely, this species is assumed to possess a high burst capability (Pinte et al, 2020). Stomach content analyses have revealed that this shark species hunts and eats etmopterids, which have a higher cruise swimming speed.…”

Section: Luminescence Of Dalatias Lichamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This giant holobenthic dalatiid has a worldwide distribution at depths ranging from 50 to 1800 m but it is usually found in depths below 300 m (Compagno, 1984;Roberts et al, 2015). Recently, through baited-remote video and muscle enzymatic activity analysis, D. licha was suggested to be one of the slowest moving elasmobranch species (Pinte et al, 2020). Reif (1985) assumed that this shark is luminous as it presents pavement-like placoid scales at the ventral side of the body like the related cookie cutter shark, Isistius brasiliensis (Quoy and Gaimard, 1824) (Reif, 1985;Widder, 1998;Delroisse et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bioluminescence of the Largest Luminous Vertebrate, the Kitefin Shark, Dalatias licha: First Insights and Comparative Aspects

2021

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Bioluminescence has often been seen as a spectacular yet uncommon event at sea but considering the vastness of the deep sea and the occurrence of luminous organisms in this zone, it is now more and more obvious that producing light at depth must play an important role structuring the biggest ecosystem on our planet. Three species of deepwater sharks (Dalatias licha, Etmopterus lucifer, and Etmopterus granulosus) were collected from the Chatham Rise, off New Zealand, and for the first time, we documented their luminescence. Comparison of glowing shark pictures, combined with histological description of light organs and hormonal control analysis, highlight the evolutive conservation of the bioluminescence process within Dalatiidae and Etmopteridae. A special emphasis is placed on the luminescence of D. licha, the largest known luminous vertebrate. This first experimental study of three luminous shark species from New Zealand provides an insight into the diversity of shark bioluminescence and highlights the need for more research to help understand these unusual deep-sea inhabitants: the glowing sharks.

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Section: Luminescence Of Dalatias Lichamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Luminescence Of Dalatias Lichamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioluminescence of the Largest Luminous Vertebrate, the Kitefin Shark, Dalatias licha: First Insights and Comparative Aspects

2021

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“…This has been further supported by a large comparative study showing that daytime capture depth of luminescent sharks could be predicted from their ventral photophore cover (e.g., the percentage of the ventral surface area covered with photophores), which varies from 2% in the bareskin dogfish Centroscyllium kamoharai to 56% in the viper dogfish T. kabeyai [65]. In addition, recent studies show that some etmopterid species have a higher swimming speed and muscular enzymatic activities than their non-luminous counterparts living in the same deep environment [109,110]. These findings could be correlated with a greater physiological demand to perform vertical migration to remain camouflaged.…”

Section: Ecology Of Shark Luminescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Glow on Sharks: State of the Art on Bioluminescence Research

Duchatelet

Claes

Delroisse

et al. 2021

Oceans

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This review presents a synthesis of shark bioluminescence knowledge. Up to date, bioluminescent sharks are found only in Squaliformes, and specifically in Etmopteridae, Dalatiidae and Somniosidae families. The state-of-the-art knowledge about the evolution, ecological functions, histological structure, the associated squamation and physiological control of the photogenic organs of these elusive deep-sea sharks is presented. Special focus is given to their unique and singular hormonal luminescence control mechanism. In this context, the implication of the photophore-associated extraocular photoreception—which complements the visual adaptations of bioluminescent sharks to perceive residual downwelling light and luminescence in dim light environment—in the hormonally based luminescence control is depicted in detail. Similarities and differences between shark families are highlighted and support the hypothesis of an evolutionary unique ancestral appearance of luminescence in elasmobranchs. Finally, potential areas for future research on shark luminescence are presented.

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“…Alexander (1990) showed that neutral buoyancy in fishes is most beneficial at low swimming speeds, whereas the extra drag of a buoyancy organ becomes disadvantageous at high swimming speeds, so making negative buoyancy prevalent in fast-swimming species. Pinte et al (2020) indicated that deep-sea sharks generally swim at slower cruising speeds than their shallow-water counterparts. Gleiss et al (2017) further examined the trade-offs for sharks and showed that species in which rapid acceleration is important have negative buoyancy, but in steady slow-swimming deep-sea species neutral buoyancy is prevalent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near equal compressibility of liver oil and seawater minimises buoyancy changes in deep-sea sharks and chimaeras

Priede

Burgass

Mandalakis

et al. 2020

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Whereas upper ocean pelagic sharks are negatively buoyant and must swim continuously to generate lift from their fins, deep-sea sharks float or swim slowly buoyed up by large volumes of low-density oils in their livers. Investigation of the pressure, volume, temperature (PVT) relationships for liver oils of 10 species of deep-sea Chondrichthyes shows that the density difference between oil and seawater, Δρ, remains almost constant with pressure down to full ocean depth (11 km, 1100 bar), theoretically providing buoyancy far beyond the maximum depth of occurrence (3700 m) of sharks. However, Δρ does change significantly with temperature and we show that the combined effects of pressure and temperature can decrease buoyancy of oil by up to 10% between the surface and 3500 m depth across interfaces between warm southern and cold polar waters in the Rockall Trough in the NE Atlantic. This increases drag more than 10-fold compared with neutral buoyancy during horizontal slow swimming (0.1 m s −1), but the effect becomes negligible at high speeds. Chondrichthyes generally experience positive buoyancy change during ascent and negative buoyancy change during descent, but contrary effects can occur at interfaces between waters of different densities. During normal vertical migrations buoyancy changes are small, increasing slow-speed drag no more than 2-to 3-fold. Equations and tables of density, pressure and temperature are provided for squalene and liver oils of Chimaeriformes (Harriotta raleighana, Chimaera monstrosa, Hydrolagus affinis), Squaliformes (Centrophorus squamosus, Deania calcea, Centroscymnus coelolepis, Centroscyllium fabricii, Etmopterus spinax) and Carcharhiniformes (Apristurus laurussonii, Galeus murinus).

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Ecological features and swimming capabilities of deep-sea sharks from New Zealand

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

Bioluminescence of the Largest Luminous Vertebrate, the Kitefin Shark, Dalatias licha: First Insights and Comparative Aspects

Bioluminescence of the Largest Luminous Vertebrate, the Kitefin Shark, Dalatias licha: First Insights and Comparative Aspects

Glow on Sharks: State of the Art on Bioluminescence Research

Near equal compressibility of liver oil and seawater minimises buoyancy changes in deep-sea sharks and chimaeras

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