Ecological and morphological differentiation of pumpkinseed sunfish in lakes without bluegill sunfish

Robinson, Beren W.; Wilson, David Sloan; Margosian, Arlene S.; Lotito, Polly T.

doi:10.1007/bf01237641

Cited by 181 publications

(227 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Considering the ecomorphological paradigm, intraspecific morphological variations can result in subtle niche differences among the individuals, favoring the adaptation of some fish species according to changes in environmental conditions. These ideas are supported by studies conducted by Mittelbach et al (1992), Robinson et al (1993), Langerhans et al (2003), and Sampaio et al (2013).…”

supporting

confidence: 69%

Intraspecific ecomorphological variations in Poecilia reticulata (Actinopterygii, Cyprinodontiformes): comparing populations of distinct environments

Mise

Souza

Pagotto

et al. 2015

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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ABSTRACT. Morphological variations, according to the principles of ecomorphology, can be related to different aspects of the organism way of life, such as occupation of habitats and feeding behavior. The present study sought to examine the intraspecific variation in two populations of Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859, that occur in two types of environments, a lotic (Maringá Stream) and a lentic (Jaboti Lake). Due to a marked sexual dimorphism, males and females were analyzed separately. Thus, the proposed hypotheses were that the populations that occur in distinct environments present morphological differences. The morphological variables were obtained using morphometric measurements and the ecomorphological indexes. The data were summarized in a Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A Multivariate Analysis of Variance (Manova) was made to verify significant differences in morphology between the populations. Males and females showed similar ecomorphological patterns according to the environment they occur. In general the population from Maringá Stream had fins with major areas, and the Jaboti Lake population eyes located more dorsally. Additionally, others morphological differences such as wider mouth of the males from Maringá Stream, wider heads on Jaboti Lake females and more protractible mouths on males from Jaboti Lake suggest a set of environmental variables that can possibly influence the ecomorphological patterns of the populations, as the water current, availability of food resources and predation. In summary, the initial hypotheses could be confirmed, evidencing the occurrence of distinct ecomorphotypes in the same species according to the environment type.KEYWORDS. Ecomorphological indexes, Poeciliidae, habitat occupation, ecomorphotypes. RESUMO. Variações ecomorfológicas intraespecíficas emPoecilia reticulata (Actinopterygii, Cyprinodontiformes): comparando populações de ambientes distintos. Variações morfológicas, de acordo com os princípios da ecomorfologia, podem ser relacionadas a diferentes aspectos do modo de vida dos organismos, como a ocupação de hábitats e comportamento alimentar. O presente estudo buscou analisar essas variações em nível intraespecífico em duas populações de Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859, que ocorrem em dois tipos de ambientes, um lótico (ribeirão Maringá) e um lêntico (lago Jaboti). Por apresentar um acentuado dimorfismo sexual machos e fêmeas foram analisados separadamente. Assim, a hipótese proposta foi de que as populações, que ocorrem em ambientes distintos, possuem diferenças morfológicas. As variáveis morfológicas foram obtidas por meio de medidas morfométricas e índices ecomorfológicos. Os dados foram sumarizados em uma Análise de Componentes Principais. Também foi feita uma Análise de Variância Multivariada para verificar se existe diferença significativa na morfologia entre as populações. Machos e fêmeas mostraram padrões ecomorfológicos semelhantes de acordo com o ambiente em que ocorrem. No geral, a população do ribeirão Maringá apresentou nadadeiras com maiore...

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supporting

confidence: 69%

Intraspecific ecomorphological variations in Poecilia reticulata (Actinopterygii, Cyprinodontiformes): comparing populations of distinct environments

Mise

Souza

Pagotto

et al. 2015

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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“…The morphology of offshore pelagic and inshore littoral pumpkinseed forms varies along a continuum with intermediate forms present in both habitats. Pelagic forms have generally longer gill rakers, smaller pharyngeal jaws and pharyngeal teeth (traits directly related to processing prey; Robinson et al 1993;Gillespie and Fox 2003;Weese 2004), smaller buccal regions, shallower bodies, and larger caudal regions than littoral forms (Robinson et al 1993Jastrebski and Robinson 2004;K. J. Parsons and B. W. Robinson, unpubl.…”

Section: The Sunfish Resource Polymorphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in at least 26 lakes, individuals are found in the open water habitat adjacent to rocky shoals feeding extensively on zooplankton (Robinson et al 1993Jastrebski and Robinson 2004). The morphology of offshore pelagic and inshore littoral pumpkinseed forms varies along a continuum with intermediate forms present in both habitats.…”

Section: The Sunfish Resource Polymorphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pumpkinseed sunfish are an inshore littoral zone specialist that generally feed on larger and harder macrobenthic invertebrate prey including snails (Werner andHall 1976, 1977;Keast 1977Keast , 1978Werner 1977;Wainwright and Lauder 1992), and adults rarely consume zooplankton prey (Robinson et al 1993). However, in at least 26 lakes, individuals are found in the open water habitat adjacent to rocky shoals feeding extensively on zooplankton (Robinson et al 1993Jastrebski and Robinson 2004).…”

Section: The Sunfish Resource Polymorphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Replicated Evolution of Integrated Plastic Responses During Early Adaptive Divergence

Parsons

Robinson

2006

Evolution

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Abstract. Colonization of a novel environment is expected to result in adaptive divergence from the ancestral population when selection favors a new phenotypic optimum. Local adaptation in the new environment occurs through the accumulation and integration of character states that positively affect fitness. The role played by plastic traits in adaptation to a novel environment has generally been ignored, except for variable environments. We propose that if conditions in a relatively stable but novel environment induce phenotypically plastic responses in many traits, and if genetic variation exists in the form of those responses, then selection may initially favor the accumulation and integration of functionally useful plastic responses. Early divergence between ancestral and colonist forms will then occur with respect to their plastic responses across the gradient bounded by ancestral and novel environmental conditions. To test this, we compared the magnitude, integration, and pattern of plastic character responses in external body form induced by shallow versus open water conditions between two sunfish ecomorphs that coexist in four postglacial lakes. The novel sunfish ecomorph is present in the deeper open water habitat, whereas the ancestral ecomorph inhabits the shallow waters along the lake margin. Plastic responses by open water ecomorphs were more correlated than those of their local shallow water ecomorph in two of the populations, whereas equal levels of correlated plastic character responses occurred between ecomorphs in the other two populations. Small but persistent differences occurred between ecomorph pairs in the pattern of their character responses, suggesting a recent divergence. Open water ecomorphs shared some similarities in the covariance among plastic responses to rearing environment. Replication in the form of correlated plastic responses among populations of open water ecomorphs suggests that plastic character states may evolve under selection. Variation between ecomorphs and among lake populations in the covariance of plastic responses suggests the presence of genetic variation in plastic character responses. In three populations, open water ecomorphs also exhibited larger plastic responses to the environmental gradient than the local shallow water ecomorph. This could account for the greater integration of plastic responses in open water ecomorphs in two of the populations. This suggests that the plastic responses of local sunfish ecomorphs can diverge through changes in the magnitude and coordination of plastic responses. Although these results require further investigation, they suggest that early adaptive evolution in a novel environment can include changes to plastic character states. The genetic assimilation of coordinated plastic responses could result in the further, and possibly rapid, divergence of such populations and could also account for the evolution of genes of major effect that contribute to suites of phenotypic differences between divergent populations.Key words. Centra...

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“…Although experimental studies suggest that pumpkinseed above 80 mm use Daphnia with less profitability than other prey, such as gastropods (Mittelbach 1984), some investigations conducted in North America have showed that adult pumpkinseeds can eat large quantities of zooplankon in lakes without the bluegill or other zooplanktivorous species, sometimes developing a pelagic morphotype (Robinson et al 1993(Robinson et al , 2000. The adult bluegill is morphologically better adapted than the pumpkinseed to eat zooplankton and when the two species are sympatric the former usually precludes the utilisation of zooplankton by the pumpkinseed (Osenberg et al 1988.…”

Section: Diet Of Invasive Centrarchids In the Iberian Peninsula 29mentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding ecology of non-native centrarchids (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Centrarchidae) in two Iberian reservoirs with contrasting food resources

Godinho

Ferreira

2014

Acta Ichthyol. Piscat

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Background. Two North American fish species have been particularly successful in Iberian reservoirs, the largemouth black bass, Micropterus salmoides (Lacepède, 1802) and the pumpkinseed, Lepomis gibbosus (Linnaeus, 1758), but information on their ecology is still scarce, limiting their effective management and control. To increase the knowledge about the ecological mechanisms underlying bass and pumpkinseed invasion of freshwater systems, their feeding ecology and population descriptors are contrasted in two Iberian reservoirs differing in available resources. Materials and methods. The studied reservoirs, situated in tributary streams of the Guadiana River, were sampled during the same months for a total of eight times, spanning two years. Fish samples were made by using electrofishing from a boat in the littoral area and trammel nets. Zooplankton and littoral benthic invertebrates were sampled concurrently with fish sampling. Fish diet was studied by examining individual stomach contents. The dominance of the different items in the diet of each species size-class was determined using the modified Costello diagram, diet overlap was estimated with Pianka's index and prey selection was assessed with the Manly-Chesson's alpha. Back-calculated length-at-age and body condition were also assessed for each fish. Results. Invertebrates were dominant in the diet of pumpkinseed whereas invertebrates and pumpkinseed dominated the diet of bass. Both species demonstrated an overall dietary opportunism and a considerable food spectrum, with pumpkinseed eating fish and macrophytes. Feeding selectivity was observed that varied with species, size-class, reservoir and sampling period. Fish became the main prey for larger bass and the shift to piscivory was related to pumpkinseed availability. The dietary changes associated with pumpkinseed growth in native environments were not observed in the reservoirs. Dietary overlaps varied with sampling period, being frequently high. Differences in abundance, growth and body condition of bass and pumpkinseed were evident between reservoirs. Conclusion. The ability to use several food items and to feed opportunistically likely facilitated the widespread success of the centrarchids in variable Iberian reservoirs. Moreover, our results seem to support the occurrence of resource competition between pumpkinseed size classes and between smaller bass and pumpkinseed.

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Ecological and morphological differentiation of pumpkinseed sunfish in lakes without bluegill sunfish

Cited by 181 publications

References 80 publications

Intraspecific ecomorphological variations in Poecilia reticulata (Actinopterygii, Cyprinodontiformes): comparing populations of distinct environments

Intraspecific ecomorphological variations in Poecilia reticulata (Actinopterygii, Cyprinodontiformes): comparing populations of distinct environments

Replicated Evolution of Integrated Plastic Responses During Early Adaptive Divergence

Feeding ecology of non-native centrarchids (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Centrarchidae) in two Iberian reservoirs with contrasting food resources

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