Eco2 Cities

Climate Change And Cities: A Review On The Impacts And Policy Responses

“…Compact cities are also cost-effective and more efficient in terms of energy and resource used for infrastructure provision. Infrastructure costs and energy consumption are higher in sprawled cities, as 70% of cost of water supply systems goes for pipes, and 30% of urban energy consumption goes for pumping of water and collection of waste water (Suzuki et al, 2010). Furthermore, other climate change co-benefits of compact cities are preservation of agricultural lands and forests surrounding cities, and protection of water quantity and quality.…”

“…Considering this result, authors recommend supporting the use of green spaces by increased storage of excess storm water via sustainable urban drainage (SUDS) techniques including swales, infiltration, detention and retention ponds in parks (Gill et al, 2007). Curitiba (Brazil) is an interesting example, where city government converted a former flooding zone into an urban park and lake to contain and control storm water flow, instead of an attempt to mitigate flood risk via structural measures (Suzuki et al, 2010). Besides, creation of blue infrastructure in cities can also help moderating temperature increases and heat waves, as water bodies and sustainable drainage systems provide evaporative cooling.…”

“…The plan aims to reduce and recycle solid wastes as much as possible in citywide by means of awareness-raising and participation of citizens and business community (4). Between 2001 and 2007, waste generation was reduced by 38.7% (from 1.6 million to 1 million tons), despite population increase of 166,000 people, and waste reduction resulted in 840,000 tons of CO 2 reduction, equivalent to that of absorbed by 60 million Japanese cedar trees in a year (Suzuki et al, 2010). Likewise, Sao Paulo City in Brazil has managed to reduce CH 4 emissions by 11% as a result of its policy for composting domestic organic waste, and tree trimming and gardening waste (Puppim de Oliveira, 2009).…”

Municipal asset management in China’s small cities and towns: Findings and strategies ahead

“…Additionally, major repair and replacement costs for municipal assets must be planned and accounted for along with general maintenance. This is exemplified by Tokyo, which accumulates special funds for future asset replacement costs of schools and water utilities (Suzuki et al, 2010). Regularly assessing and cataloging the condition of infrastructure assets and using a total cost of ownership (TCO) approach to allocating maintenance budgets are often required for municipalities to avoid losses and capture savings from improved maintenance operations (McKinsey Global Institute, 2013).…”

A view from the wharf: historical perspectives on the transformation of urban waterfront space in Stockholm during the twentieth century

“…several hundred thousand square metres of commercial space as well as public amenities. 48 The site was to be linked to the city via a tram and bus system, as well as by boat to the northern harbour area and Södermalm. 49 An invisible space for much of the twentieth century was quickly rebranded as a natural extension of nearby Södermalm.…”