Eco-Challenges of Bio-Based Polymer Composites

Avella, Maurizio; Bužarovska, Aleksandra; Errico, Maria Emanuela; Gentile, Gennaro; Grozdanov, Anita

doi:10.3390/ma2030911

Cited by 157 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Although petroleum plastics are extremely versatile and fulfill the performance requirements for a multitude of applications, increasing public awareness of their environmental impacts has spurred efforts to replace petroleum feedstocks with sustainable and ecofriendly alternatives. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Motivated by the goal to reduce our carbon footprint and dependence on fossil carbon sources, bio-based polymers and composites are becoming widely utilized in polymer manufacturing and medical applications. [16][17][18] One area of strong interest is the replacement of petroleum-based plastics with bioplastics in horticulture containers used by the nursery-crops industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and biodegradation behavior of bio-based poly(lactic acid) and soy protein blends for sustainable horticultural applications

et al. 2015

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Adipic anhydride-plasticized soy protein (SP.A) was blended with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) at two concentrations (50/50 and 33/67) and was evaluated for use as a sustainable replacement for petroleum plastic in horticulture crop containers. Following the discovery that SP.A/PLA blends provide additional functions above that of petroleum plastic for this application, the present study evaluates the biodegradation behavior of these materials in soil and describes the substantial improvements in sustainability that result from the additional functions (intrinsic fertilizer and root improvement of plants) and the end-of-life option of biodegradation. After being buried in soil for designated time intervals, the residual degraded samples were analyzed to determine morphological and thermal properties at sequential stages of biodegradation. Samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results indicated that there was a compatible system between SP.A and PLA in the melt. Incorporation of SP.A accelerated the biodegradation rate of this binary blend significantly compared with pure PLA. Prior to the degradation process, both the glass transition temperatures and melting temperatures of the blends containing SP.A decreased as the concentration of the soy protein increased. With increasing degradation time of the blended samples in soil, the glass transition temperatures increased in the early stages of biodegradation then decreased, a trend associated with the decrease in the molecular weight of the blends as a result of biodegradation. In addition, the thermal stability of blends increased gradually with increasing degradation time, suggesting faster biodegradation loss of the soy component of the SP.A/PLA blends. These results support the use of soy-based polymer blends for horticulture crop containers and provide data for evaluating their use as sustainable materials for other potential applications. Disciplines ABSTRACTOne of the most significant limitations to widespread industrial implementation of emerging bioplastics such as poly(lactic acid) and poly(hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) is that they do not match the flexibility and impact resistance of petroleum-based plastics like poly(propylene) or highdensity poly(ethylene). The basic goal of this research is to identify alternative, affordable, sustainable, biodegradable materials that can replace petroleum-based polymers in a wide range of industrial applications, with an emphasis on providing a solution for increasing the flexibility of PHA to a level that makes it a superior material for bioplastic nursery-crop containers. A series of bio-based PHA/poly(amide) (PA) blends with different concentrations were mechanically melt processed using a twin-screw extruder and evaluated for physical characteristics. The effects of blending on viscoelastic properties were investigated using smallamplitude oscillatory shear flow experimen...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and biodegradation behavior of bio-based poly(lactic acid) and soy protein blends for sustainable horticultural applications

et al. 2015

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“…A inclusão de uma fase rígida, tal como fibras de madeira, é capaz de aumentar a rigidez da blenda polimérica [8,[25][26][27][28] . A fibra vegetal é um material lignocelulósico polar hidrofílico, que possui grupos hidroxila (-OH) na superfície enquanto que a matriz polimérica poliolefínica é um material hidrocarbônico apolar hidrofóbico; e a adesão entre essas duas partes é auxiliada pelas formas e teores de lignina presentes nas fibras que pode variar de fibra para fibra e depende também da época da colheita, forma de secagem e tipo de tratamento [29] .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…As diferentes propriedades das superfícies das fibras (altamente polares) e das matrizes poliméricas apolares (hidrofóbicas) exigem uma estratégia adequada para melhorar a compatibilidade e adesão interfacial entre as mesmas [9,27,31] . No que concerne à resposta mecânica dos compósitos, quando uma carga externa é aplicada aos mesmos, tal carga é transferida para as fibras mais próximas da superfície e continua fibra a fibra através da matriz e interface.…”

Section: Lemos a L; Martins R M -Desenvolvimento E Caracterizaçunclassified

“…Então, uma interface fraca induz uma distribuição de carga ineficaz e o efeito potencial de reforço das fibras continua inexplorado. Mas, uma interface forte pode garantir uma transferência eficiente da carga aplicada para reforços fibrosos através da matriz com consequente melhora do comportamento mecânico do composto [10,27] . Através da análise dos resultados, não se verificou um aumento na resistência à flexão nos biocompósitos desenvolvidos à medida que a proporção das fibras vegetais foi sendo aumentada, conforme descrevem alguns trabalhos [5,9,10,29] .…”

Section: Lemos a L; Martins R M -Desenvolvimento E Caracterizaçunclassified

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Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Compósitos Poliméricos à Base de Poli(Ácido Lático) e Fibras Naturais

Lemos¹,

Martins²

2014

Polímeros

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Resumo: O presente trabalho busca avaliar o comportamento de compósitos que contêm em sua formulação um biopolímero originário de indústrias da agricultura sustentável. O biopolímero selecionado, poli(ácido lático), (PLA) e um polímero termoplástico (poliuretano), (TPU), foram misturados a fibras naturais (madeira e coco). Em um primeiro momento, foram preparadas formulações contendo 10, 20 e 30% em massa de fibra vegetal em relação à blenda de PLA-TPU (na proporção de 70/30% em massa). Em um segundo momento, manteve-se a mesma proporção em massa de fibra vegetal em relação à blenda de PLA-TPU, porém foram adicionados 5% em massa de anidrido maleico. Na sequência, as formulações foram avaliadas através de caracterizações físico-mecânicas, térmicas e microscópica. De um modo geral, as análises mostraram evidências bastante conclusivas sobre a baixa adesão interfacial entre a blenda polimérica e as fibras vegetais. Deve-se salientar a fraca atuação do anidrido maleico como agente de acoplamento, haja vista que as formulações que o continham não apresentaram melhoras em suas propriedades. Portanto, os resultados indicam que os biocompósitos formulados possam atender à necessidade de nichos específicos de mercados populares, como o de decoração, os quais não demandam alto desempenho de seus produtos, viabilizando o uso de fibras vegetais devido à redução de custo do compósito final. Palavras-chave: Biopolímero, poli(ácido lático), compósitos poliméricos, fibras vegetais. Development and Characterization of Polymeric Composites Based on Poly (Lactic Acid) and Natural FibersAbstract: This work evaluates the behavior of composites containing a biopolymer derived from sustainable agriculture industries. The biopolymer selected, poly(lactic acid) -PLA -, in combination with a thermoplastic polymer (polyurethane) -TPU -was mixed with natural fibers, wood and coconut. In a first step, formulations containing 10, 20 and 30% by weight of fiber in relation to the blend of PLA-TPU (in the ratio 70/30 wt%) were prepared. In the second step, the same set of formulations was maintained but with addition of 5 wt% of the coupling agent maleic anhydride. These composites were characterized by means of physical-mechanical, thermal and microscopic techniques. The results indicated a low interfacial bonding between the polymeric blend and the vegetal fibers. It is important to emphasize the poor performance of the coupling agent, because the formulations containing maleic anhydride did not show any improvement in their properties in comparison to the standard material. Therefore, the biocomposites studied in this paper can be used when high-performance materials are not required, as in home decoration articles, making it feasible to use vegetal fibers in order to reduce the cost of the final composite. Keywords: Biopolymer, poly(lactic acid), polymeric composites, vegetal fibers. IntroduçãoMuito tem sido discutido sobre as principais políticas de gestão de resíduos de materiais utilizados na indústria em geral, porém, a maior reflexão ...

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“…sifat fisik dan mekanik (Avella 2009). Pemanfaatan filler nanopartikel ZnO banyak digunakan di bidang pangan karena aman, sumber suplemen Zn dan memiliki kemampuan antimikroba (Shi dan Gunasekaran 2008).…”

Section: Pengaruh Pelapis Bionanokomposit Terhadap Mutu Mangga Terolaunclassified

Effects of Bionanocomposite Edible Coating on Quality of Minimally - Processed Mango

Wardana

Suyatma

Muchtadi

et al. 2017

JTEP

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Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian (JTEP) terakreditasi berdasarkan SK Dirjen Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan Kementerian Ristek Dikti Nomor I/E/KPT/2015 tanggal 21 September 2015. Selain itu, JTEP juga telah terdaftar pada Crossref dan telah memiliki Digital Object Identifier (DOI) dan telah terindeks pada ISJD, IPI, Google Scholar dan DOAJ. JTEP terbit tiga kali setahun yaitu pada bulan April, Agustus dan Desember berisi 12 naskah untuk setiap monuron baik dalam edisi cetak maupun edisi online. Jurnal berkala ilmiah ini berkiprah dalam pengembangan ilmu keteknikan untuk pertanian tropika dan lingkungan hayati. Penulis makalah tidak dibatasi pada anggota PERTETA tetapi terbuka bagi masyarakat umum. Lingkup makalah, antara lain: teknik sumberdaya lahan dan air, alat dan mesin budidaya pertanian, lingkungan dan bangunan pertanian, energi alternatif dan elektrifikasi, ergonomika dan elektronika pertanian, teknik pengolahan pangan dan hasil pertanian, manajemen dan sistem informasi pertanian. Makalah dikelompokkan dalam invited paper yang menyajikan isu aktual nasional dan internasional, review perkembangan penelitian, atau penerapan ilmu dan teknologi, technical paper hasil penelitian, penerapan, atau diseminasi, serta research methodology berkaitan pengembangan modul, metode, prosedur, program aplikasi, dan lain sebagainya. Penulisan naskah harus mengikuti panduan penulisan seperti tercantum pada website dan naskah dikirim secara elektronik (online submission) melalui http:// journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jtep. Penanggungjawab:Ketua Keywords: mango, minimally-processed, bionanocomposite, tapioca, NP-ZnO AbstrakMangga terolah minimal merupakan produk yang cepat mengalami kerusakan dikarenakan respirasi yang cepat, transpirasi dan kerusakan oleh mikroba. Edible coating merupakan salah satu alternatif metode untuk mempertahankan mutu mangga terolah minimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pelapis bionanokomposit dari tapioka dan nanopartikel ZnO (NP-ZnO) terhadap mutu mangga terolah minimal cv. Arumanis yang disimpan selama 12 hari pada suhu 8 o C. Kombinasi dari tapioka dan NP-ZnO (0, 1, 2% b/b tapioka) digunakan untuk melapisi mangga terolah minimal. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pelapisan bionanokomposit mampu mempertahankan mutu mangga terolah minimal selama penyimpanan. Bionanokomposit dari tapioka + NP-ZnO (2% b/b tapioka) paling efektif dalam menghambat penurunan susut bobot, kekerasan, indeks pencoklatan, total asam, total padatan terlarut, respirasi dan total mikroba. Dengan demikian, pelapis bionanokomposit dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif untuk mempertahankan kualitas mangga terolah minimal selama penyimpanan.

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Eco-Challenges of Bio-Based Polymer Composites

Cited by 157 publications

References 41 publications

Characterization and biodegradation behavior of bio-based poly(lactic acid) and soy protein blends for sustainable horticultural applications

Characterization and biodegradation behavior of bio-based poly(lactic acid) and soy protein blends for sustainable horticultural applications

Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Compósitos Poliméricos à Base de Poli(Ácido Lático) e Fibras Naturais

Effects of Bionanocomposite Edible Coating on Quality of Minimally - Processed Mango

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