“…In the nicitating membrane of frogs, Stricker observed spontaneous changes in capillary luminal diameter, parallelled by endothelial thickening but no reduction in outer capillary diameter (Stricker, 1865). In 1903, Steinach and Kahn reported ‘true’ constriction of such capillaries (parallel reduction in luminal and outer capillary diameter) (Steinach & Kahn, 1903) and, as quoted by Krogh (1919 c ) “ … showed spontaneous (capillary) contractions and dilatations, though the internal pressure remained at 0. They could induce contractions by stimulation of the dorsal sympathetic, and … also spontaneous contractions in the capillaries of various organs taken from mammals.” …”
Section: Placing Seven Foundational Premises For the Krogh‐erlang Equmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…In the nicitating membrane of frogs, Stricker observed spontaneous changes in capillary luminal diameter, parallelled by endothelial thickening but no reduction in outer capillary diameter (Stricker, 1865). In 1903, Steinach and Kahn reported 'true' constriction of such capillaries (parallel reduction in luminal and outer capillary diameter) (Steinach & Kahn, 1903) and, as quoted by Krogh (1919c) " . .…”
He is a fellow of the Danish Royal Academy of Sciences and Letters. They share interests in microcirculatory function, oxygen and substrate transport and cellular energetics, especially in muscle at rest and during exercise and also within the brain in health and disease.
“…In the nicitating membrane of frogs, Stricker observed spontaneous changes in capillary luminal diameter, parallelled by endothelial thickening but no reduction in outer capillary diameter (Stricker, 1865). In 1903, Steinach and Kahn reported ‘true’ constriction of such capillaries (parallel reduction in luminal and outer capillary diameter) (Steinach & Kahn, 1903) and, as quoted by Krogh (1919 c ) “ … showed spontaneous (capillary) contractions and dilatations, though the internal pressure remained at 0. They could induce contractions by stimulation of the dorsal sympathetic, and … also spontaneous contractions in the capillaries of various organs taken from mammals.” …”
Section: Placing Seven Foundational Premises For the Krogh‐erlang Equmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…In the nicitating membrane of frogs, Stricker observed spontaneous changes in capillary luminal diameter, parallelled by endothelial thickening but no reduction in outer capillary diameter (Stricker, 1865). In 1903, Steinach and Kahn reported 'true' constriction of such capillaries (parallel reduction in luminal and outer capillary diameter) (Steinach & Kahn, 1903) and, as quoted by Krogh (1919c) " . .…”
He is a fellow of the Danish Royal Academy of Sciences and Letters. They share interests in microcirculatory function, oxygen and substrate transport and cellular energetics, especially in muscle at rest and during exercise and also within the brain in health and disease.
“…The concept that pericytes regulate blood flow at the capillary level was originally proposed by Steinach and Kahn in 1903 [ 88 ] and Ni in 1922 [ 89 ]. Both scientific groups studied the effects of electrical stimulation or exposure to toxic stimuli on capillary diameter.…”
The French scientist Charles Benjamin Rouget identified the pericyte nearly 140 years ago. Since that time the role of the pericyte in vascular function has been difficult to elucidate. It was not until the development of techniques to isolate and culture pericytes that scientists have begun to understand the true impact of this unique cell in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. In the brain the pericyte is an integral cellular component of the blood-brain barrier and, together with other cells of the neurovascular unit (endothelial cells, astrocytes and neurons) the pericyte makes fine-tuned regulatory adjustments and adaptations to promote tissue survival. These regulatory changes involve trans-cellular communication networks between cells. In this review we consider evidence for cell-to-cell crosstalk between pericytes and astrocytes during development and in adult brain.
“…During the later years of the nineteenth century, the doctrine of independent capillary contractility was, as far as I have been able to make out, tacitly or openly accepted by many pathologists and clinicians, who are certainly very often brought face to face with cases of hyperemia which are, to say the least, difficult to understand on the basis of any other theory; but the general attitude of physiologists working on circulation problems by means of blood pressure, plethysmography and other methods was, during the same period, very sceptical and remained so in spite of the fresh, and to my mind conclusive, evidence on the subject brought to light by Steinach and Kahn (1903).…”
also steadily maintained at about the size of recent editions has once more been skilfully managed. Undulant fever has its first mention ; the sections on dengue fever, pulmonary abscess and ulcerative colitis have been rewritten, and plates VI and VII, illustrating the roentgenoscopic features of pulmonary disease, are new ; also many other illustrations. On the whole, only alterations in keeping with studious attention to the needs of yearly revisions have been made.
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