ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS OF BIDIMENSIONAL MODE, M-MODE, AND DOPPLER OF CLINICALLY NORMAL BLACK-RUMPED AGOUTI (<i>DASYPROCTA PRYMNOLOPHA</i>, WAGLER 1831)

Diniz, Anaemilia das Neves; Pessoa, Gerson Tavares; Moura, Laecio da Silva; Sousa, André Braga de; Sousa, Francisco das Chagas Araújo; Rodrigues, Renan Paraguassu de Sá; Barbosa, Maria Angélica Parente da Silva; Almeida, Hatawa Melo de; Freire, Larisse Danielle Silva; Sanches, Marina Pinto; Júnior, Antônio Augusto Nascimento Machado; Guerra, Porfírio Candanedo; Neves, Willams Costa; Sousa, J. M. C.; Bolfer, Luiz; Giglio, Robson F.; Alves, Flávio Ribeiro

doi:10.1638/20160013r3.1

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although within the limits of normality compared to animal models such as domestic pigs, 20 EF and FS showed values lower than those in humans, 18 likely due to the cardiodepressant effect of ketamine and because all animal models presented were studied under sedation or anesthesia. 7 The Doppler echocardiographic evaluation revealed aortic flow velocities greater than the pulmonary artery flow velocity (PV), which was also observed in animal models such as domestic pigs and in humans. 18 The A and E waves showed positive and laminar flow, with the E wave exhibiting a higher peak than the A wave.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…This is an anesthetic protocol commonly used in procedures with small animals, and is a good alternative for work with wild animals, including primates. 7 Although strain analysis by speckle tracking (2D-ST) is well established in veterinary medicine for companion animals, it remains scarce in the literature. 8 The Rhesus monkey is the most commonly used non-human primate in scientific research, despite the wide variety of species potentially available for preclinical studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Standard Echocardiography, Strain and Strain Rate by Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking in Capuchin Monkey (Cebus Apella, Linnaeus, 1758)

Moura¹,

Rodrigues²,

Silva³

et al. 2018

Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia - Imagem Cardiovascular

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Introduction: The capuchin monkey is a type of nonhuman primate that has shown great potential for preclinical studies because of its anatomical and physiological similarities to humans. Objective: To study the indices of myocardial deformation in anesthetized capuchin monkeys using speckle tracking. Methods: Sixteen animals from the Zoobotanical Park, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, were used and chemically restrained using a combination of ketamine and midazolam. Echocardiography recordings were obtained in B, M and Doppler modes, and strain and strain rate were measured using speckle tracking. Results: The variables that showed statistically significant correlation coefficients in relation to weight were LVFWd, LVIDd, LVIDs, E wave, A'RV, MAM and TAPSE. HR showed a positive correlation with the E wave and A wave and a negative correlation with IVRT. FS presented a positive correlation with the E/A wave relationship (r = 0.61). TAPSE showed positive correlations with E'RV and A'RV. The values obtained for circumferential (-18.17 ± 4.68%), radial (47.13 ± 5.24%) and longitudinal (-26.46 ± 5.15%) strain for the capuchin monkeys were within the normal ranges for males and females. Conclusion: The present study provides the first reference values for echocardiographic measurements in B, M and Doppler modes for capuchin monkeys anesthetized with ketamine and midazolam. The strain and strain rate values obtained using speckle tracking showed similarities with those obtained in humans, suggesting that this tool has the potential to be exploited in preclinical studies using the capuchin monkey model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standard Echocardiography, Strain and Strain Rate by Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking in Capuchin Monkey (Cebus Apella, Linnaeus, 1758)

Moura¹,

Rodrigues²,

Silva³

et al. 2018

Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia - Imagem Cardiovascular

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“…Several studies have demonstrated normal echocardiographic parameters for domestic animals such as dogs, cats, horses, sheep [7,9,27], as well as wild rodents such as prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) [20], guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) [10] and New Zealand rabbits [41]. However, although presumptive normal echocardiographic values were reported for non-anesthetized agoutis [15], this is the first study to show the measurement of these variables for chemically contained agoutis, in addition to the use of strain and strain rate by speckle tracking in the evaluation of cardiac function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha, Wagler, 1831) is a wild rodent found in almost all of America that has demonstrated good results as an experimental model in cardiovascular studies [15,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, the agouti has been highlighted by the fact that it combines in a single species the cardiovascular morphological similarity with humans, management of simplified breeding, docility, low breeding costs and good reproductive indexes [15,42]. In addition, larger than most rodents used as animal models, they suffer less influence from HR, especially on chemical containment, allowing reliable measurements on echocardiographic examination [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Standard Strain and Strain Rate by Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking in Agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) Anesthetized with Ketamine and Xylazine

Rodrigues

Pessoa

Moura

et al. 2017

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: The agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha, Wagler, 1831) is a wild rodent widely found throughout America which has stood out as a good animal model for scientific investigations. The aim of this study was to study the cardiovascular function of chemically contained agoutis, by performing echocardiographic examinations and measuring Strain and Strain Rate by Speckle Tracking to obtain reference values for the species and verify the applicability of these animals as models for the study of cardiovascular changes in humans.Materials, Methods & Results: It was selected 16 animals, sedated by the combination of ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine and submitted to transthoracic echocardiography. To obtain the standard measurements, B, M and Doppler mode images were taken. The analysis of the radial and longitudinal myocardial deformation of the left ventricle was carried out. The right parasternal window was used for access to the short cardiac axis and the left for access to the long axis. Six radial profiles of strain (ST) and Strain rate (SR) values were obtained, corresponding to the mean of the values for each segment. A total of 18 myocardial segments were analyzed for each specimen and the mean values were used to compose the statistical analysis. The comparison of the means between the genders did not show statistical difference, being the other statistical treatments based on the total sample of 16 animals. The variables that showed statistically significant correlation coefficients in relation to weight were: LA, LA/AO, HR, AVmax, E’ wave, E/IVRT (P > 0.05). HR showed a positive correlation with IVSd (r = 0.51), EPSS (r = 0.55) and E’ wave (r = 0.68); negative with IVRT (r = - 0.41), A wave (r = - 0.54), AVmax (r = - 0.53) and Pmax (r = - 0.65).Discussion: Although presumptively normal echocardiographic values were reported for not anesthetized agoutis, this was the first study to show the measurement of these variables for chemically contained agoutis, in addition to the use of Strain and strain rate by speckle tracking in the assessment of cardiac function. The sudden exposure of an external stimulus (environmental or physical) to which the body is not adapted can trigger an acute stress, and its effects may interfere significantly in the measurement of hemodynamic variables, justifying the need for chemical containment. The values found for the thickness of agoutis cardiac walls and chambers obtained in M mode, both in systole and in diastole, when compared with mammals of different size, confirm the positive linear correlation between body weight and cardiac dimensions for the various evaluated parameters. The velocity obtained by the Strain radial for the apical systolic peak was slightly lower than that obtained for the basal systolic peak, while the opposite was observed for the circumferential Strain, which showed apical peak greater than the basal peak, also to the found for human beings. The values obtained for circumferential, radial and longitudinal strain for agoutis were within the ranges of normality observed in healthy domestic animals and humans.

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Natural Habitat, Housing, and Restraint of Six Selected Neotropical Animals in Trinidad and Tobago with the Potential for Domestication

2020

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This paper highlights the natural habitat, housing, and restraint needs of 6 Neotropical animals that are found in Trinidad and Tobago with the potential for domestication: agouti (Dasyprocta leporina), lappe/paca (Cuniculus paca/Agouti paca), capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), manicou/opossum (Didelphis marsupialis insularis), collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu/Pecari tajacu), and red brocket deer (Mazama americana). The year of the earliest reference cited was 1950 and the most recent was 2018, with over 100 references being used. The average density, home range size, social group, and housing requirements were also examined as these factors would play a role in designing enclosures. A number of different physical and chemical restraint techniques were also discussed. Information from other species within the same genus was incorporated as some of the animals did not have sufficient literature.

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ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS OF BIDIMENSIONAL MODE, M-MODE, AND DOPPLER OF CLINICALLY NORMAL BLACK-RUMPED AGOUTI (DASYPROCTA PRYMNOLOPHA, WAGLER 1831)

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Standard Echocardiography, Strain and Strain Rate by Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking in Capuchin Monkey (Cebus Apella, Linnaeus, 1758)

Standard Echocardiography, Strain and Strain Rate by Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking in Capuchin Monkey (Cebus Apella, Linnaeus, 1758)

Standard Strain and Strain Rate by Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking in Agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) Anesthetized with Ketamine and Xylazine

Natural Habitat, Housing, and Restraint of Six Selected Neotropical Animals in Trinidad and Tobago with the Potential for Domestication

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