Echinococcus shiquicus n. sp., a taeniid cestode from Tibetan fox and plateau pika in China

Xiao, Ning; Qiu, Jiamin; Nakao, Minoru; Li, Tiaoying; Yang, Wen; Chen, Xingwang; Schantz, Peter; Craig, Philip S.; Itō, Akira

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.01.003

Cited by 176 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…(e.g., either E. multilocularis or E. shiquicus; see above) at select study sites was likely associated with both the distribution of host species and environmental conditions (Table 3 and Table 4). These site-specific prevalence rates suggested that there might be some carnivores, such as foxes, at all study sites with the exceptions of Gyling Lake and Norling Lake, as the life cycle of E. multilocularis and/or E. shiquicus usually involves foxes (Vulpes vulpes in temperate regions, Alopex lagopus in arctic and subarctic regions and Tibetan fox [Vulpes ferrilata]) as definitive hosts (Schantz et al, 1995;Xiao et al, 2005). Hymenolepis nana showed a prevalence pattern similar to that mentioned above for Echinococcus sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Parasite Species Associated With Wild Plateau Pika (Ochotona Curzoniae) in Southeastern Qinghai Province, China

Wang

et al. 2009

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence and seasonal abundance of egg, larval, and adult stages of helminths; oocyts of protozoans; and ectoparasites of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) in seven areas of southeastern Qinghai Province, China, during August 2006 and May 2007. Fecal samples collected from 430 plateau pikas were examined by the modified McMaster technique, which revealed that 83% of the samples contained eggs from two or more helminth species. Mean fecal egg counts were generally moderate and showed the same trend irrespective of the age or sex of the pikas. The prevalence and counts of cestode eggs showed strong seasonal relationships that corresponded with the rainfall pattern in the study area during the study period. Of the 430 plateau pika examined at necropsy, 89% contained adult nematode or cestode species, but none of these contained adult trematode species or protozoans. Overall, six genera of adult nematodes including Oesophagostomum sp., Cephaluris coloradensis, Eugenuris schumakowiescsi, Haemonchus sp., Trichuris sp., and Chbertiinae sp.; three genera of adult cestodes including Schizorchis sp., Ochotonae sp., and Hymenolepis nana; three ectoparasite species including Hypoderma curzonial, Pulex sp., and Ixodes ovatus; and one proscolex stage of a cestode, Echinococcus multilocularis or Echinococcus shiquicus, were encountered during the study. Other genera examined occurred in low numbers, which did not allow any meaningful comparisons. Overall, results suggest that four parasite species, Hypoderma curzonial, Pulex sp., Ixodes ovatus Neumann, and Cephaluris coloradensis, may be regulating factors in controlling future numbers of plateau pika in this study area. These data provide evidence of a natural biologic control mechanism of plateau pika on grassland habitats, and may be of use for identifying the mechanism of transmission of parasites between plateau pika, livestock, and humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Parasite Species Associated With Wild Plateau Pika (Ochotona Curzoniae) in Southeastern Qinghai Province, China

Wang

et al. 2009

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…Mixed infections of E. multilocularis and E. shiquicus have been found in the Tibetan fox (Vulpes ferrilata) (Jiang et al, 2012) and the plateau pika (Xiao et al, 2006). Importantly, differences in nuclear DNA sequences, as well as mtDNA sequences, have been found in strict sympatry, providing strong evidence for a lack of genetic exchangeability (Xiao et al, 2005). This is supported by small, but consistent differences in adult morphology and by different metacestode structures (alveolar cysts for E. multilocularis and unilocular cysts for E. shiquicus, which are maintained even in coinfections of the same intermediate host (Xiao et al, 2006).…”

Section: Echinococcus Multilocularis and E Shiquicusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There may also be undiscovered species, particularly in parts of the world where the parasite fauna has been less well studied than in Europe and North America. Echinococcus shiquicus, for example, was recently described from the Tibetan Plateau (Xiao et al, 2005). Prior to this study, the adult stage of E. shiquicus in Tibetan foxes (Vulpes ferrilata) had been regarded as a different morphological form of E. multilocularis, while the larval stage in the plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) was misidentified as E. granulosus (Xiao et al, 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Nakao et al (2007) subsequently proposed that the remaining strains (G6, G7, G8 and G10) be afforded species status as E. canadensis. In addition to these taxonomic changes, Xiao et al (2005) described a new species (E. shiquicus), closely related to E. multilocularis, from Tibet, and Hüttner et al (2008) resurrected the species E. felidis, originally described by Ortlepp (1934Ortlepp ( , 1937) from South Africa. As a consequence of these revisions and new descriptions, nine valid species are currently recognised in the genus Echinococcus (Table 1).…”

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confidence: 98%

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Phylogenetic Pattern, Evolutionary Processes and Species Delimitation in the Genus Echinococcus

Lymbery

2017

Advances in Parasitology

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“…Species under genus Echinococcus are small tapeworms of carnivores with larval (metacestode) stages known as hydatid proliferating asexually in various mammals including humans (Xiao et al, 2005;. Hydatid cyst has a worldwide distribution and has been recognized since ancient times (Gulam et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Triclabendazole and Levamisole on Experimental Hydatic Cyst in Rat

Garedaghi¹,

Mirhadi²,

Peyman³

et al. 2011

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Problem statement: Hydatidosis has dispersed worldly and is one of the common dangerous diseases between human and animals and is found abundantly in areas that human, dogs and herbivorous are in close relationship. Approach: In this study, firstly, 32 rats were divided into two groups of control and case and 2000 protoscolices were injected into peritoneal hole. After two months, rats of case group were feed by drinkable 5 mL Triclabendazole + 3.41 mL Levamisole for 60 days. Then after 6 months of contamination period, rats of control group and case group killed by anesthetic drug then necropsy and guts inspection of hydatid cyst was implemented. Results: The results show that in livers of control group there are 2 cysts, in kidneys 9 cysts and in lungs 87 cases. Average of contamination in this group to hydatid cyst was 32.6 but in case group there were in liver on cyst, in kidneys 5 cysts and in lungs 63 cysts. Average of guts contamination to hydatid cyst in case group was 23. Conclusion: Analyzing results in case and control groups shows that Triclabendazole + Levamisole drugs effect was 30% that this amount is not sufficient for hydatid cyst treatment.

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Echinococcus shiquicus n. sp., a taeniid cestode from Tibetan fox and plateau pika in China

Cited by 176 publications

References 23 publications

Parasite Species Associated With Wild Plateau Pika (Ochotona Curzoniae) in Southeastern Qinghai Province, China

Parasite Species Associated With Wild Plateau Pika (Ochotona Curzoniae) in Southeastern Qinghai Province, China

Phylogenetic Pattern, Evolutionary Processes and Species Delimitation in the Genus Echinococcus

Effect of Triclabendazole and Levamisole on Experimental Hydatic Cyst in Rat

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