Echinacea pupurea extracts promote murine dendritic cell maturation by activation of JNK, p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways

Li, Yali; Wang, Yuanyuan; Wu, Yanping; Wang, Baikui; Chen, Xi; Chen, Hongliang; Li, Weifen; Xu, Xiaogang

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2017.03.002

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We found that NF-κB and JNK pathway inhibition potently down-regulated the GA-induced NO production and IFN-γ expression in stimulated cells, while suppression of ERK1/2 up-regulated NO and IFN-γ levels. These results were supported by previous observations, in which NF-κB and JNK inhibitor successfully reduced NO and IFN-γ secretion while ERK1/2 inhibitor markedly increased NO production in murine bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) (Mao et al, 2015 ; Li et al, 2017 ). These findings indicated that NF-κB and JNK activation are required for GA-activated chicken macrophages, whereas ERK1/2 signaling may exhibit a regulatory effect to limit excessive inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Glycyrrhizic acid activates chicken macrophages and enhances their Salmonella-killing capacity in vitro

Wang

Mao

Gong

et al. 2018

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Objective: Salmonella enterica remains a major cause of food-borne disease in humans, and Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) contamination of poultry products is a worldwide problem. Since macrophages play an essential role in controlling Salmonella infection, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) on immune function of chicken HD11 macrophages. Methods: Chicken HD11 macrophages were treated with GA (0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, or 800 μg/ml) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 500 ng/ml) for 3, 6, 12, 24, or 48 h. Evaluated responses included phagocytosis, bacteria-killing, gene expression of cell surface molecules (cluster of differentiation 40 (CD40), CD80, CD83, and CD197) and antimicrobial effectors (inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), NADPH oxidase-1 (NOX-1), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α factor (LITAF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-10), and production of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). Results: GA increased the internalization of both fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran and ST by HD11 cells and markedly decreased the intracellular survival of ST. We found that the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of cell surface molecules (CD40, CD80, CD83, and CD197) and cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10) of HD11 cells was up-regulated following GA exposure. The expression of iNOS and NOX-1 was induced by GA and thereby the productions of NO and H 2 O 2 in HD11 cells were enhanced. Notably, it was verified that nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways were responsible for GA-induced synthesis of NO and IFN-γ gene expression. Conclusions: Taken together, these results suggested that GA exhibits a potent immune regulatory effect to activate chicken macrophages and enhances Salmonella-killing capacity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Glycyrrhizic acid activates chicken macrophages and enhances their Salmonella-killing capacity in vitro

Wang

Mao

Gong

et al. 2018

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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“…p38 MAPK activation is involved in RIG-I dependent IFN signaling [118]. Various studies confirm involvement of these kinases in Echinacea biological action [20,96,[119][120][121][122]. Alkylamides in the Echinaforce® tincture were found to be responsible for MAPK effects upon binding to CB2 receptors leading to increased cAMP, P38/MAPK and JNK signaling, NF-κB and ATF-2/CREB-1 activation [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Alkylamides in the Echinaforce® tincture were found to be responsible for MAPK effects upon binding to CB2 receptors leading to increased cAMP, P38/MAPK and JNK signaling, NF-κB and ATF-2/CREB-1 activation [20]. Similarly, lipophilic extracts of Echinacea promoted murine dendritic cell maturation and mobility via the modulation of JNK, P38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways [96,119,120]. Another study demonstrated a Jak-Stat1 dependent antiviral response of Tripterygium wilfordii (Thunder of God Vine) via the quinone methide triterpene celastrol [123].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardized Echinacea purpurea extract primes an IFN specific innate immune monocyte response via JAK1-STAT1 dependent gene expression and epigenetic control of endogenous retroviral sequences

Declerck¹,

Pérez-Novo²,

Grielens³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Herbal remedies of Echinacea purpurea tinctures are widely used today to reduce common cold respiratory tract infections.Methods: A system biology approach involving genomewide transcriptome, epigenome and kinome activity profiles was applied to characterize the immunomodulatory effects of a standardized Echinacea purpurea extract Echinaforce® in THP1 monocytes.Results: Gene expression and DNA methylation analysis revealed activation of innate immunity related antiviral signaling networks, involving IFN, chemotaxis and immunometabolic pathways. Furthermore, phosphopeptide based kinome activity profiling and pharmacological inhibitor experiments with filgotinib confirm a key role for Janus Kinase (JAK)-1 dependent gene expression changes in innate immune signaling. Finally, Echinaforce® treatment induces DNA hypermethylation at intergenic CpG, long/short interspersed nuclear DNA repeat elements (LINE, SINE) or long termininal DNA repeats (LTR). This changes transcription of flanking endogenous retroviral sequences (HERVs), involved in an evolutionary conserved (epi)genomic protective response against viral infections.Conclusions: Altogether, our results suggest that Echinaforce® phytochemicals strengthen antiviral innate immunity by JAK1 responsive gene expression and epigenetic regulation of HERVs in monocytes, which supports its prophylactic use against common cold corona viruses (CoV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV, and new occurring strains such as SARS-CoV-2.

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“…The immunomodulatory-mediated amelioration of upper respiratory tract infections was reported after the supplementation of Echinacea plants/extracts via cytokine profile modification [184]. Echinacea purpurea extracts (EE) showed immunomodulatory potential and assisted in the development and maturation of dendritic cells by altering the activation of JNK, p38-MAPK and NF-κB pathways [192]. The overall evaluation of Echinacea indicated its application as a primary remedy for common infections, particularly those affecting the respiratory system.…”

Section: Tinospora Cordifolia (Giloy-menispermaceae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbal Immunomodulators - A Remedial Panacea for Designing and Developing Effective Drugs and Medicines: Current Scenario and Future Prospects

Tiwari

Latheef

Ahmed

et al. 2018

CDM

113

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Echinacea pupurea extracts promote murine dendritic cell maturation by activation of JNK, p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

Glycyrrhizic acid activates chicken macrophages and enhances their Salmonella-killing capacity in vitro

Glycyrrhizic acid activates chicken macrophages and enhances their Salmonella-killing capacity in vitro

Standardized Echinacea purpurea extract primes an IFN specific innate immune monocyte response via JAK1-STAT1 dependent gene expression and epigenetic control of endogenous retroviral sequences

Herbal Immunomodulators - A Remedial Panacea for Designing and Developing Effective Drugs and Medicines: Current Scenario and Future Prospects

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