ECG During Helicopter Underwater Escape Training

Tipton, Michael J.; Gibbs, P; Brooks, Chris; de, Dan Roiz; Reilly, Tara

doi:10.3357/asem.2700.2010

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Based on: Tipton (); Datta & Tipton (); Tipton et al . (); Shattock & Tipton (). * Predisposing factors include channelopathies, atherosclerosis, long QT syndrome, myocardial hypertrophy and ischaemic heart disease.…”

Section: Introduction: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold water immersion: kill or cure?

Tipton

Collier

Massey

et al. 2017

Experimental Physiology

126

103

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What is the topic of this review? This is the first review to look across the broad field of 'cold water immersion' and to determine the threats and benefits associated with it as both a hazard and a treatment. What advances does it highlight? The level of evidence supporting each of the areas reviewed is assessed. Like other environmental constituents, such as pressure, heat and oxygen, cold water can be either good or bad, threat or treatment, depending on circumstance. Given the current increase in the popularly of open cold water swimming, it is timely to review the various human responses to cold water immersion (CWI) and consider the strength of the claims made for the effects of CWI. As a consequence, in this review we look at the history of CWI and examine CWI as a precursor to drowning, cardiac arrest and hypothermia. We also assess its role in prolonged survival underwater, extending exercise time in the heat and treating hyperthermic casualties. More recent uses, such as in the prevention of inflammation and treatment of inflammation-related conditions, are also considered. It is concluded that the evidence base for the different claims made for CWI are varied, and although in most instances there seems to be a credible rationale for the benefits or otherwise of CWI, in some instances the supporting data remain at the level of anecdotal speculation. Clear directions and requirements for future research are indicated by this review.

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Section: Introduction: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold water immersion: kill or cure?

Tipton

Collier

Massey

et al. 2017

Experimental Physiology

126

103

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show abstract

“…Even so, partial correlation coefficient analysis demonstrated that fitness is more important; at the same % body fat, individuals with a higher VO 2max had a heightened metabolic response (20). In addition, individuals with high levels of aerobic fitness do appear to have an attenuated cold shock or cardiorespiratory response to cold water immersion (105) and a lower number of arrhythmias/dysrhythmias during helicopter underwater escape (238).…”

Section: Individual Differences and Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Cold Stress Effects on Exposure Tolerance and Exercise Performance

Castellani

Tipton

2015

Comprehensive Physiology

Self Cite

112

115

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Cold weather can have deleterious effects on health, tolerance, and performance. This paper will review the physiological responses and external factors that impact cold tolerance and physical performance. Tolerance is defined as the ability to withstand cold stress with minimal changes in physiological strain. Physiological and pathophysiological responses to short-term (cold shock) and long-term cold water and air exposure are presented. Factors (habituation, anthropometry, sex, race, and fitness) that influence cold tolerance are also reviewed. The impact of cold exposure on physical performance, especially aerobic performance, has not been thoroughly studied. The few studies that have been done suggest that aerobic performance is degraded in cold environments. Potential physiological mechanisms (decreases in deep body and muscle temperature, cardiovascular, and metabolism) are discussed. Likewise, strength and power are also degraded during cold exposure, primarily through a decline in muscle temperature. The review also discusses the concept of thermoregulatory fatigue, a reduction in the thermal effector responses of shivering and vasoconstriction, as a result of multistressor factors, including exhaustive exercise.

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“…Indeed, the study lacks a distinct control group to directly test the hypothesis that the anxiety rating and, therefore, the threat perception, is not naturally lower on secondary CWI in contrast to an initial CWI. However, this idea can be roundly rejected based on evidence from other studies that have examined the anxiety response over consecutive immersions ( 1 ) or examined the extent of the CSR across two CWIs ( 11 ). Indeed, it seems that an increased or unchanged anxiety rating is more likely in con secutive immersions accompanied by an increased or matched CSR ( 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%