EB degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate in aqueous solution

Ma, Shuhua; Wu, Minghong; Tang, Liang; Sun, Rui; Zang, Chao; Xiang, Jiajia; Yang, Xuexia; Xu, Li; Xu, Gang

doi:10.1007/s41365-017-0278-8

Cited by 39 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…An additional study further demonstrated eBeam‐mediated defluorination of PFOS and PFOA with decomposition efficiencies of 95.7 percent for PFOA and 85.9 percent for PFOS in an anoxic alkaline solution (pH = 13). Radical scavenging experiments indicated that the aqueous electron and hydrogen radical were important in the eBeam degradation of PFOA and PFOS (Ma et al., ). Further evaluation of this technology for treating other PFASs (polyfluorinated precursors and other long‐ and short‐chain PFAAs) in soil and water, as well as testing over a range of concentrations, will be necessary to further understand treatment performance potential and to identify any deleterious by‐products.…”

Section: Soil and Sediment Remediationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of emerging technologies for remediation of PFASs

Ross

McDonough

Miles

et al. 2018

Remediation Journal

379

268

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The need for remediation of poly‐ and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) is growing as a result of more regulatory attention to this new class of contaminants with diminishing water quality standards being promulgated, commonly in the parts per trillion range. PFASs comprise >3,000 individual compounds, but the focus of analyses and regulations has generally been PFASs termed perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), which are all extremely persistent, can be highly mobile, and are increasingly being reported to bioaccumulate, with understanding of their toxicology evolving. However, there are thousands of polyfluorinated “PFAA precursors”, which can transform in the environment and in higher organisms to create PFAAs as persistent daughter products. Some PFASs can travel miles from their point of release, as they are mobile and persistent, potentially creating large plumes. The use of a conceptual site model (CSM) to define risks posed by specific PFASs to potential receptors is considered essential. Granular activated carbon (GAC) is commonly used as part of interim remedial measures to treat PFASs present in water. Many alternative treatment technologies are being adapted for PFASs or ingenious solutions developed. The diversity of PFASs commonly associated with use of multiple PFASs in commercial products is not commonly assessed. Remedial technologies, which are adsorptive or destructive, are considered for both soils and waters with challenges to their commercial application outlined. Biological approaches to treat PFASs report biotransformation which creates persistent PFAAs, no PFASs can biodegrade. Water treatment technologies applied ex situ could be used in a treatment train approach, for example, to concentrate PFASs and then destroy them on‐site. Dynamic groundwater recirculation can greatly enhance contaminant mass removal via groundwater pumping. This review of technologies for remediation of PFASs describes that: GAC may be effective for removal of long‐chain PFAAs, but does not perform well on short‐chain PFAAs and its use for removal of precursors is reported to be less effective; Anion‐exchange resins can remove a wider array of long‐ and short‐chain PFAAs, but struggle to treat the shortest chain PFAAs and removal of most PFAA precursors has not been evaluated; Ozofractionation has been applied for PFASs at full scale and shown to be effective for removal of total PFASs; Chemical oxidation has been demonstrated to be potentially applicable for some PFAAs, but when applied in situ there is concern over the formation of shorter chain PFAAs and ongoing rebound from sorbed precursors; Electrochemical oxidation is evolving as a destructive technology for many PFASs, but can create undesirable by‐products such as perchlorate and bromate; Sonolysis has been demonstrated as a potential destructive technology in the laboratory but there are significant challenges when considering scale up; Soils stabilization approaches are evolving and have been used at full scale but performance need to be assessed usin...

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Section: Soil and Sediment Remediationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of emerging technologies for remediation of PFASs

Ross

McDonough

Miles

et al. 2018

Remediation Journal

379

268

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In recent times, use of an electron beam is considered as a more advanced oxidation-reduction process, involving irradiating material with accelerated electrons to destroy PFAS. However, this electron beam approach has been used only on wastewater and aqueous solutions, thus warrants further testing for its applicability to ICLS [ 136 , 137 ]. Another common method similar to ball milling is a mechanochemical (MC) destruction method, which employs mechanical force such as shaking to allow reactions on the surface of ball mills to effectively destroy PFOS and PFOA [ 138 ].…”

Section: Remediation and Preventive Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Integrated Crop–Livestock Systems: Environmental Exposure and Human Health Risks

Jha

Kankarla

Mclennon

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are highly persistent synthetic organic contaminants that can cause serious human health concerns such as obesity, liver damage, kidney cancer, hypertension, immunotoxicity and other human health issues. Integrated crop–livestock systems combine agricultural crop production with milk and/or meat production and processing. Key sources of PFAS in these systems include firefighting foams near military bases, wastewater sludge and industrial discharge. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances regularly move from soils to nearby surface water and/or groundwater because of their high mobility and persistence. Irrigating crops or managing livestock for milk and meat production using adjacent waters can be detrimental to human health. The presence of PFAS in both groundwater and milk have been reported in dairy production states (e.g., Wisconsin and New Mexico) across the United States. Although there is a limit of 70 parts per trillion of PFAS in drinking water by the U.S. EPA, there are not yet regional screening guidelines for conducting risk assessments of livestock watering as well as the soil and plant matrix. This systematic review includes (i) the sources, impacts and challenges of PFAS in integrated crop–livestock systems, (ii) safety measures and protocols for sampling soil, water and plants for determining PFAS concentration in exposed integrated crop–livestock systems and (iii) the assessment, measurement and evaluation of human health risks related to PFAS exposure.

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“…This result also suggests that the mechanism of breakdown is primarily hydroxyl radical mediated rather than the solvated electrons. To confirm the exact mode of MC-LR breakdown, the sequential use of radical scavengers needs to be employed ( Ma et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystin-LR to electron beam irradiation doses

Folcik

Klemashevich

Pillai

2021

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

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Harmful cyanobacterial blooms (cyanoHABs) pose threats to human and animal health due to the production of harmful cyanotoxins. Microcystis aeruginosa is a common cyanobacterium associated with these blooms and is responsible for producing the potent cyclic hepatotoxin microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Concerns over the public health implications of these toxins in water supplies have increased due to rising occurrence of these blooms. High energy electron beam (eBeam) irradiation technology presents a promising strategy for the mitigation of both cyanobacterial cells and cyanotoxins within the water treatment process. However, it is imperative that both cellular and chemical responses to eBeam irradiation are understood to ensure efficient treatment. We sought to investigate the effect of eBeam irradiation on M. aeruginosa cells and MC-LR degradation. Results indicate that doses as low as 2 kGy are lethal to M. aeruginosa cells and induce cell lysis. Even lower doses are required for degradation of the parent MC-LR toxin. However, it was observed that there is a delay in cell lysis after irradiation where M. aeruginosa cells may still be metabolically active and able to synthesize microcystin. These results suggest that eBeam may be suitable for cyanoHAB mitigation in water treatment if employed following cell lysis.

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EB degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate in aqueous solution

Cited by 39 publications

References 49 publications

A review of emerging technologies for remediation of PFASs

A review of emerging technologies for remediation of PFASs

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Integrated Crop–Livestock Systems: Environmental Exposure and Human Health Risks

Response of Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystin-LR to electron beam irradiation doses

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