East African diploid and triploid bananas: a genetic complex transported from South-East Asia

Perrier, Xavier; Jenny, Christophe; Bakry, Frédéric; Karamura, D.; Kitavi, Mercy; Dubois, Cécile; Hervouet, Catherine; Philippson, Gérard; Langhe, Edmond De

doi:10.1093/aob/mcy156

Cited by 57 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…It thus differs considerably from a previous multidisciplinary reconstruction based on agronomic, archaeological, archaeobotanical, genetic and linguistic evidence that locates the origin of the African traditional bananas, i.e. the AAA ‘Mutika’ and the AAB ‘Plantains’, within Island Southeast Asia (Perrier et al, , ; also see De Langhe et al, ). Furthermore, reconstructions suggest that other AAB/ABB subgroups cultivated in the continental part of South/Southeast Asia may not have originated on Sri Lanka.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Fahien reconsidered: Pleistocene exploitation of wild bananas and Holocene introduction of Musa cultivars to Sri Lanka

Langhe

Vrydaghs

Perrier

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

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A recent publication on the phytolith assemblage at Fahien rockshelter, Sri Lanka (Premathilake and Hunt) is argued to represent: the exploitation of wild Musa acuminata and M. balbisiana during the Late Pleistocene; the introduction of edible diploid cultivars from the Southeast Asia–New Guinea region during the early to mid‐Holocene; the generation and cultivation of triploid banana hybrids on Sri Lanka before 6194–5994 cal bp; and the subsequent spread of derived triploid cultivars to mainland India and westward to Africa. A careful review of the archaeobotanical research presented by Premathilake and Hunt, in the context of broader multidisciplinary evidence (agronomy, archaeobotany, genetics and linguistics) for the domestication and spread of banana cultivars, indicates that three main aspects of their argument are problematic: the lack of clarity in the characterization of banana domestication in the past; the methods used to discriminate phytoliths into banana taxa; and the promotion of Sri Lanka as a source region rather than a recipient of banana cultivars. Following reconsideration, the Fahien evidence is consistent with previous interpretations for the origins of diploid and significant triploid cultivars outside of Sri Lanka and dispersal to that island. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Fahien reconsidered: Pleistocene exploitation of wild bananas and Holocene introduction of Musa cultivars to Sri Lanka

Langhe

Vrydaghs

Perrier

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

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“…Each experimental plot was 15 m long by 10 m wide and contained five rows spaced 3 m by 2 m, and a plot area measured 150 m 2 . Banana seedlings (Mchare AA, the traditional East African highland cooking banana (EAHB)) [6] were obtained from the Crop Bio-Science laboratory based in Arusha, Tanzania, as in vitro plants. Banana seedlings were planted at the onset of a long rainy season.…”

Section: Experimental Design and Fertilization Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately 30% of the total produce is consumed at the homestead while the remaining 70% is sold in the local market [5], hence contributing significantly in food security and income stability. Nearly 80% of the cultivated bananas belong to the traditional East African highland cooking banana (EAHB), 10% are brewing bananas, 8% are dessert bananas, and 2% are plantains [2,6], indicating that they are of considerable cultural importance for the community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Soil Fertility Management Strategies to Enhance Banana Production in Volcanic Soils of the Northern Highlands, Tanzania

et al. 2020

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Banana is an important crop in high altitude areas of Tanzania, grown widely both as a food staple and as the main source of income. However, its production is constrained by low soil fertility, a result of gradual nutrient mining by the crop. Currently, soil fertility management in banana-based farming systems in the country relies mainly on applications of animal manure. However, the amount of manure produced in most farms is not enough to replenish soil fertility due to the small number of animals kept by smallholder resource-poor farmers who are the major producers in the country. Field experiments were conducted at three sites with varying soil types and contrasting weather conditions along the altitudinal gradients on the slopes of the volcanic mountains of Kilimanjaro and Meru, northern Tanzania to (1) investigate the effect of mineral nitrogen (mineral N) fertilizer applications on the growth and yield of Mchare banana (Musa spp., AA, a traditional East African highland cooking banana sub-group), at the four levels of 0, 77, 153, and 230 kg N ha −1 year −1 as a starter strategy to improve the current soil fertility management strategies, and (2) evaluate the effect of the combined use of inorganic and organic N sources on growth and banana fruit production as an alternative strategy to manage soil fertility and minimize animal manure requirements. The treatment factors were trial sites (Tarakea, Lyamungo, and Tengeru) as the main factor and N fertilization strategies (as urea alone, sole cattle manure, and in combination with urea, sole common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) haulms as well as in combination with urea) as a sub factor. Bean haulms and cattle manure were applied each year for two years. Fertilization at 153 kg N ha −1 year −1 derived solely from urea significantly (p < 0.001) resulted in high yield increment of up to 42% relative to the control. However, the increase was highest (52%) with the same N dose derived from cattle manure in combination with urea at 50% substitution. Sole bean haulms resulted in a smaller yield increment, the same as the lowest N dose from the sole urea fertilization treatment. The study concludes that soil fertility management in smallholder banana-based farming systems should not solely rely on animal manure and mineral fertilizers.

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“…Diploid cultivars derived from M . acuminata (‘AAcv’) are mainly found in New Guinea, but a few of them are present in Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and East Africa (Stover and Simmonds, ; Perrier et al , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome ancestry mosaics reveal multiple and cryptic contributors to cultivated banana

et al. 2020

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Hybridizations between closely related species commonly occur in the domestication process of many crops. Banana cultivars are derived from such hybridizations between species and subspecies of the Musa genus that have diverged in various tropical Southeast Asian regions and archipelagos. Among the diploid and triploid hybrids generated, those with seedless parthenocarpic fruits were selected by humans and thereafter dispersed through vegetative propagation. Musa acuminata subspecies contribute to most of these cultivars. We analyzed sequence data from 14 M. acuminata wild accessions and 10 M. acuminatabased cultivars, including diploids and one triploid, to characterize the ancestral origins along their chromosomes. We used multivariate analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism clustering and identified five ancestral groups as contributors to these cultivars. Four of these corresponded to known M. acuminata subspecies. A fifth group, found only in cultivars, was defined based on the 'Pisang Madu' cultivar and represented two uncharacterized genetic pools. Diverse ancestral contributions along cultivar chromosomes were found, resulting in mosaics with at least three and up to five ancestries. The commercially important triploid Cavendish banana cultivar had contributions from at least one of the uncharacterized genetic pools and three known M. acuminata subspecies. Our results highlighted that cultivated banana origins are more complex than expectedinvolving multiple hybridization stepsand also that major wild banana ancestors have yet to be identified. This study revealed the extent to which admixture has framed the evolution and domestication of a crop plant.

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East African diploid and triploid bananas: a genetic complex transported from South-East Asia

Cited by 57 publications

References 42 publications

Fahien reconsidered: Pleistocene exploitation of wild bananas and Holocene introduction of Musa cultivars to Sri Lanka

Fahien reconsidered: Pleistocene exploitation of wild bananas and Holocene introduction of Musa cultivars to Sri Lanka

Optimizing Soil Fertility Management Strategies to Enhance Banana Production in Volcanic Soils of the Northern Highlands, Tanzania

Genome ancestry mosaics reveal multiple and cryptic contributors to cultivated banana

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