Early Vascular Aging in Hypertension

Nilsson, Peter M.

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2020.00006

Cited by 68 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Age dependence of CAVI may be useful in the field of geriatric medicine. Nilsson 23 ) proposed a new concept of early vascular ageing (EVA) syndrome measured by carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV) in European countries. Based on the definition of EVA, CAVI seems to be appropriate for its evaluation, since CAVI is independent of blood pressure.…”

Section: Various Factors Affecting Cavi (Cross-sectional Studies)mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Horizons of Arterial Stiffness Developed Using Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI)

Saiki

Ohira

Yamaguchi

et al. 2020

JAT

105

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Arterial stiffness is recognized mainly as an indicator of arteriosclerosis and a predictor of cardiovascular events. Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), which reflects arterial stiffness from the origin of the aorta to the ankle, was developed in 2004. An important feature of this index is the independency from blood pressure at the time of measurement. A large volume of clinical evidence obtained using CAVI has been reported. CAVI is high in patients with various atherosclerotic diseases including coronary artery disease and chronic kidney disease. Most coronary risk factors increase CAVI and their improvement reduces CAVI. Many prospective studies have investigated the association between CAVI and future cardiovascular disease (CVD), and proposed CAVI of 9 as the optimal cutoff value for predicting CVD. Research also shows that CAVI reflects afterload and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with heart failure. Furthermore, relatively acute changes in CAVI are observed under various pathophysiological conditions including mental stress, septic shock and congestive heart failure, and in pharmacological studies. CAVI seems to reflect not only structural stiffness but also functional stiffness involved in acute vascular functions. In 2016, Spronck and colleagues proposed a variant index CAVI0, and claimed that CAVI0 was truly independent of blood pressure while CAVI was not. This argument was settled, and the independence of CAVI from blood pressure was reaffirmed. In this review, we summarize the recently accumulated evidence of CAVI, focusing on the proposed cutoff values for CVD events, and suggest the development of new horizons of vascular function index using CAVI. appropriate in studies that examine the effect of hypertension or the effect of antihypertensive drugs on intrinsic arterial stiffness. To overcome this problem, Hayashi 4) proposed the stiffness parameter , an index reflecting arterial stiffness of local arterial segment, which is not influenced by blood pressure at the time of measurement. Subsequently, this theory has been applied to a new arterial stiffness index called cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) developed in 2004 5) , and this index reflects the stiffness of the arterial tree from the origin of the aorta to the ankle. The CAVI equation was essentially derived from the stiffness parameter , and the changes of the artery caliber in the equation during the cardiac cycle were obtained Copyright©2020 Japan Atherosclerosis Society This article is distributed under the terms of the latest version of CC BY-NC-SA defined by the Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Section: Various Factors Affecting Cavi (Cross-sectional Studies)mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Horizons of Arterial Stiffness Developed Using Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI)

Saiki

Ohira

Yamaguchi

et al. 2020

JAT

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Chronological age has some limitations when assessing cardiovascular risk [ 18 ]. Vascular age can be assessed considering arterial stiffness, and early vascular aging can be defined if one’s vascular age increases faster than one’s chronological age, related to the upper 10, 20 or 25% of the pulse wave velocity (PWV) distribution in the population [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Intrinsic Heart Rate, P Wave and QT Interval Durations and Pulse Wave Analysis in Patients with Hypertension and High Normal Blood Pressure

Mozoş

Gug

Mozos

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The present study aimed to explore the relationship between electrocardiographic (ECG) and pulse wave analysis variables in patients with hypertension (HT) and high normal blood pressure (HNBP). A total of 56 consecutive, middle-aged hypertensive and HNBP patients underwent pulse wave analysis and standard 12-lead ECG. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), heart rate, intrinsic heart rate (IHR), P wave and QT interval durations were as follows: 7.26 ± 0.69 m/s, 69 ± 11 beats/minute, 91 ± 3 beats/minute, 105 ± 22 mm and 409 ± 64 mm, respectively. Significant correlations were obtained between PWV and IHR and P wave duration, respectively, between early vascular aging (EVA) and P wave and QT interval durations, respectively. Linear regression analysis revealed significant associations between ECG and pulse wave analysis variables but multiple regression analysis revealed only IHR as an independent predictor of PWV, even after adjusting for blood pressure variables and therapy. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed P wave duration (area under curve (AUC) = 0.731; 95% CI: 0.569–0.893) as a predictor of pathological PWV, and P wave and QT interval durations were found as sensitive and specific predictors of EVA. ECG provides information about PWV and EVA in patients with HT and HNBP. IHR and P wave durations are independent predictors of PWV, and P wave and QT interval may predict EVA.

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“…Артериальная жесткость ассоциирована с АГ. Показано, что не только АГ приводит к повышению СПВ, но и повышенная СПВ прогнозирует развитие АГ [24].…”

Section: результаты и обсуждениеunclassified

Association of AGT, ACE, NOS3, TNF, MMP9, CYBA polymorphism with subclinical arterial wall changes

et al. 2021

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Aim Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, decreased nitric oxide production, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress result in subclinical changes in the arterial wall, which favor the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The effect of allelic gene variants that encode the proteins participating in pathogenetic pathways of age-associated diseases with subclinical changes in the arterial wall [increased pulse wave velocity (PWV), increased intima-media thickness, endothelial dysfunction (ED), presence of atherosclerotic plaques (ASP)] are understudied. This study analyzed the relationship between AGT, ACE, NOS3 TNF, MMP9, and CYBA gene polymorphism and the presence of subclinical changes in the arterial wall, including the dependence on risk factors for CVD, in arbitrarily healthy people of various age.Material and methods The relationship of polymorphisms с.521С>Т of AGT gene, Ins>Del of AСE gene, с.894G>T of NOS3 gene, – 238G>A of TNF gene, – 1562С>T of MMP9 gene, and c.214Т>С of CYBA gene with indexes of changes in the arterial wall and risk factors for CVD was studied in 160 arbitrarily healthy people by building models of multiple logistic regression and also by analyzing frequencies of co-emergence of two signs with the Pearson chi-squared test (χ2) and Fisher exact test.Results The DD-genotype of Ins>Del ACE gene polymorphism was correlated with increased PWV (p=0.006; odds ratio (OR) =3.41, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.48–8.67) and ED (p=0.014; OR=2.60, 95 % CI: 1.22–5.68). The GG genotype of с.894G>T NOS3 gene polymorphism was correlated with ED (p=0.0087; OR=2.65, 95 % CI: 1.26–5.72); the ТТ-genotype of с.894G>T NOS3 gene polymorphism was correlated with ASP (p=0.033; OR=0.034, 95 % CI: 0.001–0.549).Conclusion Polymorphic variants of AСE and NOS3 genes correlated with ED, increased arterial wall stiffness, and the presence of subclinical changes in the arterial wall.

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Early Vascular Aging in Hypertension

Cited by 68 publications

References 49 publications

New Horizons of Arterial Stiffness Developed Using Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI)

New Horizons of Arterial Stiffness Developed Using Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI)

Associations between Intrinsic Heart Rate, P Wave and QT Interval Durations and Pulse Wave Analysis in Patients with Hypertension and High Normal Blood Pressure

Association of AGT, ACE, NOS3, TNF, MMP9, CYBA polymorphism with subclinical arterial wall changes

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