Early time course of change in angiogenic proteins in human skeletal muscle and vascular cells with endurance training

Høier, Birgitte; Olsen, Karina Standahl; Hanskov, Dorte Jessing Agerby; Jørgensen, Marie Birk; Norup, Liselotte R.; Hellsten, Ylva

doi:10.1111/sms.13665

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…Increased capillarization (angiogenesis) in skeletal muscle represents a crucial adaptation to regular exercise [9], as it facilitates oxygen transport in muscle [10] and thus increases exercise capacity. Previous findings in healthy individuals demonstrated increases in muscle's vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an important factor related to angiogenesis [9,11], following a short- [12] or long-term endurance training [13], whereas less is known in regards to the angiogenic adaptations to resistance exercise [14]. With respect to HF, at present only two studies have examined the angiogenic effects of exercise training on skeletal muscle, indicating an increase in mRNA and protein expression of VEGF following 8 weeks of exercise [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Training Enhances Angiogenesis-Related Gene Responses in Skeletal Muscle of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Tryfonos

Tzanis

Pitsolis

et al. 2021

Cells

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Peripheral myopathy consists of a hallmark of heart failure (HF). Exercise enhanced skeletal muscle angiogenesis, and thus, it can be further beneficial towards the HF-induced myopathy. However, there is limited evidence regarding the exercise type that elicits optimum angiogenic responses of skeletal muscle in HF patients. This study aimed to (a) compare the effects of a high-intensity-interval-training (HIIT) or combined HIIT with strength training (COM) exercise protocol on the expression of angiogenesis-related factors in skeletal muscle of HF patients, and (b) examine the potential associations between the expression of those genes and capillarization in the trained muscles. Thirteen male patients with chronic HF (age: 51 ± 13 y; BMI: 27 ± 4 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to a 3-month exercise program that consisted of either HIIT (N = 6) or COM training (N = 7). Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were performed pre- and post-training. RT-PCR was used to quantify the fold changes in mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), angiopoietin 1 (Ang-1), angiopoietin 2 (Ang-2), angiopoietin receptor (Tie2), and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), and immunohistochemistry to assess capillarization in skeletal muscle post-training. There was an overall increase in the expression levels of VEGF, VEGFR-2, HIF-1α, Ang2, and MMP9 post-training, while these changes were not different among groups. Changes in capillary-to-fibre ratio were found to be strongly associated with Tie2 and HIF-1α expression. This was the first study demonstrating that both HIIT and combined HIIT with strength training enhanced similarly the expression profile of angiogenic factors in skeletal muscle of HF patients, possibly driving the angiogenic program in the trained muscles, although those gene expression increases were found to be only partially related with muscle capillarization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Training Enhances Angiogenesis-Related Gene Responses in Skeletal Muscle of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Tryfonos

Tzanis

Pitsolis

et al. 2021

Cells

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“… 82 The findings of the studies with short interventions in our review suggest that in those patients the improvements in aerobic fitness are induced by capillary and/or mitochondrial adaptations that can be initiated within 14 days of endurance training. 83 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness and characteristics of physical fitness training on aerobic fitness in vulnerable older adults: an umbrella review of systematic reviews

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesTo present an overview of effectiveness and training characteristics of physical training on aerobic fitness, compared with alternative or no training, in adults aged over 65 years with various health statuses, providing a basis for guidelines for aerobic training of vulnerable older adults that can be used in geriatric rehabilitation.DesignAn umbrella review of systematic reviews that included both randomised controlled trials and other types of trials.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library were searched on 9 September 2019.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included systematic reviews reporting on physical training interventions that are expected to improve aerobic fitness, presenting results for adults aged 65 years and older, describing at least one of the FITT-characteristics: Frequency, Intensity, Time or Type of exercise, and measuring aerobic fitness at least before and after the intervention.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. A narrative synthesis was performed.ResultsWe included 51 papers on 49 reviews. Positive effect of training on aerobic fitness was reported by 33 reviews, 11 reviews remained inconclusive and 5 reviews reported no effect. Training characteristics varied largely. Frequency: 1–35 sessions/week, Intensity: light–vigorous, Time: <10–120 min/session and Types of exercise: many. The methodological quality was most often low. Subgroup analyses revealed positive effects for all health conditions except for trauma patients. Exercise characteristics from current existing guidelines are widely applicable. For vulnerable older adults, lower intensities and lower frequencies were beneficial. Some health conditions require specific adjustments. Information on adverse events was often lacking, but their occurrence seemed rare.ConclusionPhysical fitness training can be effective for vulnerable older adults. Exercise characteristics from current existing guidelines are widely applicable, although lower frequencies and intensities are also beneficial. For some conditions, adjustments are advised.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020140575.

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“…This adaptation often precedes any measurable changes in skeletal muscle capillary supply (Høier et al, 2010(Høier et al, , 2020. However, there was no increase in any index of skeletal muscle capillarity (capillary density, capillary-to-fibre ratio and capillary-fibre contacts).…”

Section: Sprint Interval Exercisementioning

confidence: 94%

“…Co‐localization of Ki67 with CD31 + cells (a marker of endothelial cell proliferation), demonstrated a near significant interaction effect ( P = 0.06; Cohen's d effect size = 0.63), indicating that endothelial cell proliferation might increase with SIT plus BFR in trained subjects (Mitchell et al., 2019). This adaptation often precedes any measurable changes in skeletal muscle capillary supply (Høier et al., 2010, 2020). However, there was no increase in any index of skeletal muscle capillarity (capillary density, capillary‐to‐fibre ratio and capillary–fibre contacts).…”

Section: Potential For Augmenting Molecular Signals and Physiologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood‐flow‐restricted exercise: Strategies for enhancing muscle adaptation and performance in the endurance‐trained athlete

Ferguson

Mitchell

Taylor

et al. 2021

Experimental Physiology

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A key objective of the training programme for an endurance athlete is to optimize the underlying physiological determinants of performance. Training-induced adaptations are governed by physiological and metabolic stressors, which initiate transcriptional and translational signalling cascades to increase the abundance and/or function of proteins to improve physiological function. One important consideration is that training adaptations are reduced as training status increases, which is reflected at the molecular level as a blunting of the acute signalling response to exercise. This review examines blood-flow-restricted (BFR) exercise as a strategy for augmenting exerciseinduced stressors and subsequent molecular signalling responses to enhance the physiological characteristics of the endurance athlete. Focus is placed on the processes of capillary growth and mitochondrial biogenesis. Recent evidence supports that BFR exercise presents an intensified training stimulus beyond that of performing the same exercise alone. We suggest that this has the potential to induce enhanced physiological adaptations, including increases in capillary supply and mitochondrial function, which can contribute to an improvement in performance of endurance exercise. There is, however, a lack of consensus regarding the potency of BFR training, which is invariably attributable to the different modes, intensities and durations of exercise and BFR methods. Further studies are needed to confirm its potential in the endurance-trained athlete. K E Y W O R D S blood-flow-restricted exercise, capillary, ischaemic training, mitochondria, sport performance 1 INTRODUCTION A key objective of the training programme for an endurance athlete is to optimize the underlying physiological determinants of performance (Figure 1). Training-induced adaptations of these determinants are This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Early time course of change in angiogenic proteins in human skeletal muscle and vascular cells with endurance training

Cited by 10 publications

References 44 publications

Exercise Training Enhances Angiogenesis-Related Gene Responses in Skeletal Muscle of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Exercise Training Enhances Angiogenesis-Related Gene Responses in Skeletal Muscle of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Effectiveness and characteristics of physical fitness training on aerobic fitness in vulnerable older adults: an umbrella review of systematic reviews

Blood‐flow‐restricted exercise: Strategies for enhancing muscle adaptation and performance in the endurance‐trained athlete

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