Exercise Training Enhances Angiogenesis-Related Gene Responses in Skeletal Muscle of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Tryfonos, Andrea; Tzanis, Giorgos; Pitsolis, Theodore; Karatzanos, Eleftherios; Koutsilieris, Michael; Nanas, Serafim; Philippou, Αnastassios

doi:10.3390/cells10081915

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In addition, fold changes in the intramuscular IL-8 expression were positively correlated with the improvement of exercise capacity in these patients, potentially implying a beneficial role of exercise traininginduced local inflammation, as part of an on-going remodeling process in the exercising muscles. Combining these observations with the induction of skeletal muscle hypertrophy [24] and angiogenesis [30] that we have previously reported in these particular groups of HF patients following the same exercise training protocols, we might assume that an intramuscular inflammation program may be associated with muscle remodeling and adaptations to exercise training.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Inflammation- and Tissue Remodeling-Related Gene Responses in Skeletal Muscle of Heart Failure Patients Following High-Intensity Interval Training

Tryfonos¹,

Tzanis²,

Karatzanos³

et al. 2023

Rev. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Background: Peripheral myopathy consists a hallmark of heart failure (HF) and has been associated with poor prognosis. Inflammation has been suggested to dominate this pathology, while exercise training is typically associated with the induction of anti-inflammatory mechanisms. However, the current knowledge regarding the involvement of inflammation-related genes in the exercise training-induced muscle adaptations in HF patients is very limited. Given that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) alone or combined with strength training (COM) has gained ground in HF cardiac rehabilitation, this study aimed to investigate the local muscle expression of inflammatory and tissue remodeling factors in HF patients, who underwent 3 months of these training schemes. In addition, we examined whether these exercise training-induced gene expression responses are associated with changes in exercise capacity in those patients. Methods: Thirteen male patients with chronic HF (age: 51 ± 13 y; body mass index (BMI): 27 ± 4 kg/m 2 ) were randomly assigned to a 3-month exercise program consisted of either HIIT (N = 6) or COM training (N = 7). Muscle tissue biopsies were obtained from vastus lateralis pre-and post-training and transcriptional changes in interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-1 alpha (TNF-1α), urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) were quantified by RT-PCR. Results: An overall increase in the expression levels of selected inflammatory (IL-8, TNF-1α) and remodeling factors (uPAR) was found post-training (p < 0.05), while IL-6, uPA and TGF-β1 gene expression remained unchanged (p > 0.05). The observed alterations did not differ between training groups. Additionally, IL-8 changes were found to be correlated with the improvement in exercise capacity post-training (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This is the first study demonstrating an increase in intramuscular inflammatory and remodeling key factors induced by HIIT or COM training in HF patients. Combining these observations with our previous findings of improved muscle hypertrophy and capillarization post-training in these patients, the findings of the present study may suggest that inflammatory responses are part of an ongoing remodeling process in the exercising skeletal muscle. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02387411.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Inflammation- and Tissue Remodeling-Related Gene Responses in Skeletal Muscle of Heart Failure Patients Following High-Intensity Interval Training

Tryfonos¹,

Tzanis²,

Karatzanos³

et al. 2023

Rev. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“… 281 , 282 Several studies have revealed that both endurance and resistance exercise increase the expression of VEGF in the brain, heart, skeletal muscle, and bones. 95 , 283 , 284 HIIT training contributed to an overall increase in the expression levels of VEGF and VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2) in skeletal muscle of subjects with peripheral myopathy associated with heart failure, promoting muscle capillarization, 285 and differentially expressed genes of the skeletal muscle showed the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was activated in response to HIIT. 286 Of note, it has been found that the PI3K/Akt axis is not only activated by a range of exerkines mentioned above, but also in response to mechanical stress.…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Of Tissue Regeneration Induced By Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms of exercise contributing to tissue regeneration

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2022

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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Physical activity has been known as an essential element to promote human health for centuries. Thus, exercise intervention is encouraged to battle against sedentary lifestyle. Recent rapid advances in molecular biotechnology have demonstrated that both endurance and resistance exercise training, two traditional types of exercise, trigger a series of physiological responses, unraveling the mechanisms of exercise regulating on the human body. Therefore, exercise has been expected as a candidate approach of alleviating a wide range of diseases, such as metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, tumors, and cardiovascular diseases. In particular, the capacity of exercise to promote tissue regeneration has attracted the attention of many researchers in recent decades. Since most adult human organs have a weak regenerative capacity, it is currently a key challenge in regenerative medicine to improve the efficiency of tissue regeneration. As research progresses, exercise-induced tissue regeneration seems to provide a novel approach for fighting against injury or senescence, establishing strong theoretical basis for more and more “exercise mimetics.” These drugs are acting as the pharmaceutical alternatives of those individuals who cannot experience the benefits of exercise. Here, we comprehensively provide a description of the benefits of exercise on tissue regeneration in diverse organs, mainly focusing on musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system. We also discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the regenerative effects of exercise and emerging therapeutic exercise mimetics for regeneration, as well as the associated opportunities and challenges. We aim to describe an integrated perspective on the current advances of distinct physiological mechanisms associated with exercise-induced tissue regeneration on various organs and facilitate the development of drugs that mimics the benefits of exercise.

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“…The effect and symptoms of CHF on individuals' everyday routines are reflected in their health-related quality of life (QoL), which is usually decreased in these patients [17,18]. During the last decades, studies investigating aerobic exercise are shown to improve microcirculation [19,20] and vascular endothelial function [21][22][23], exercise capacity [21][22][23][24][25][26], skeletal myopathy [19,27,28], and QoL [25,29,30] in CHF patients. The most recent 2021 European guidelines for managing and treating chronic heart failure, include a class IA recommendation for patients with CHF to engage in regular aerobic exercise protocols which are the most studied aspects of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) pro- grams [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the Addition of Strength Training to a High-Intensity Interval Training Program Benefit More the Patients with Chronic Heart Failure?

Alshamari¹,

Kourek²,

Sanoudou³

et al. 2023

Rev. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Background: Aerobic exercise, either continuous or high intensity interval training (HIIT), induces important benefits in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients. Resistance training has been also shown to be beneficial in CHF. However, data regarding combined aerobic exercise and muscle strength training is still limited. The aim of this study was to investigate whether adding strength training to a HIIT protocol within a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program has a cumulative beneficial effect on the functional capacity (FC) and quality of life (QoL) in patients with CHF. Methods: Forty-four consecutive patients [35 males, ejection fraction (EF) <50%] with CHF under medication enrolled in a 36-session CR program and were randomized in two exercise groups; HIIT (HIIT group) or HIIT combined with strength training (high intensity interval training combined with strength training (COM) group). All patients underwent baseline and endpoint outcome measures of a symptom-limited maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), 1 repetition maximum (1RM) test, muscular endurance test, echocardiography, and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLWHFQ). Results: Most of the CPET indices, EF, 1RM test, muscular endurance and QoL were improved after the CR program in each exercise training group (p < 0.05). However, COM group demonstrated a further improvement in chest muscle testing and workload at anaerobic threshold (AT) compared to HIIT group. Conclusions: An exercise-based CR program, consisted of either HIIT or HIIT combined with strength training, improves FC and QoL of patients with CHF. However, the addition of strength training to HIIT seems to have further beneficial effects on chest muscle strength and endurance, as well as workload at AT. Clinical Trial Registration: The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with number NCT02387411.

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Exercise Training Enhances Angiogenesis-Related Gene Responses in Skeletal Muscle of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Inflammation- and Tissue Remodeling-Related Gene Responses in Skeletal Muscle of Heart Failure Patients Following High-Intensity Interval Training

Inflammation- and Tissue Remodeling-Related Gene Responses in Skeletal Muscle of Heart Failure Patients Following High-Intensity Interval Training

Molecular mechanisms of exercise contributing to tissue regeneration

Does the Addition of Strength Training to a High-Intensity Interval Training Program Benefit More the Patients with Chronic Heart Failure?

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