Early structural effects of oestrogen on pudendal nerve regeneration in the rat

Kane, Derek D.; Kerns, James M.; Lin, Dan; Damaser, Margot S.

doi:10.1111/j.1464-410x.2003.04792.x

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…A lack of beneficial effects on continence status also has been noted in other clinical 33 and experimental studies. 34 Effects of HRT may be dependent on duration of treatment, as well as mode of administration. To determine the contribution of HRT on postmenopausal anal continence, adequately powered controlled, clinical trials are necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hysterectomy on Bowel Function: A Three-Year, Prospective Cohort Study

Forsgren¹,

Zetterström²,

López³

et al. 2007

Diseases of the Colon &Amp; Rectum

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Neither abdominal nor vaginal hysterectomy was associated with constipation, aggravation of constipation, or rectal emptying difficulties three years after surgery. Abdominal and vaginal hysterectomy was, however, associated with an increased risk of mild anal incontinence symptoms, and patients with a reported history of obstetric sphincter injury were at particular risk for posthysterectomy fecal incontinence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hysterectomy on Bowel Function: A Three-Year, Prospective Cohort Study

Forsgren¹,

Zetterström²,

López³

et al. 2007

Diseases of the Colon &Amp; Rectum

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“…41 Estrogen is a strong neuroregenerative agent and it facilitates accelerated recovery from PNC. 31,42 Thus, this model is best used to study mechanisms of injury and tissue recovery in response to nerve injury. It allows evaluation of the role of neuroregenerative agents 31,42,43 in tissue recovery and the impact of contributing/decompensating factors in the pathophysiology and recovery of continence, ie diabetes, aging and obesity.…”

Section: Models Simulating Maternal Childbirth Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Models of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence

et al. 2008

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Purpose-Urinary incontinence affects 40% of women in the United States and stress urinary incontinence accounts for a large portion of affected patients. As defined by the International Continence Society, stress urinary incontinence is the involuntary leakage of urine upon effort, exertion, sneezing or coughing. Since the ultimate success of long-term management for any condition is based on an understanding of its pathophysiology, and because the pathophysiology of stress urinary incontinence is incompletely defined, animal models have recently been developed to better understand stress urinary incontinence and develop novel treatment alternatives.Materials and Methods-Several animal models for urethral dysfunction have emerged in the last few years, including those based on pathophysiological theories of urethral sphincter dysfunction that were designed to simulate maternal birth trauma. Other models have focused on the creation of a durable model of dysfunction for investigating novel treatments.Results-Since animals cannot express intent, these animal models have focused on measuring decreased urethral resistance. The most widely used methods are the sneeze test, the tilt table technique and the leak point pressure test. Newer techniques include abdominal leak point pressure, urethral pressure measurement and retrograde urethral perfusion pressure. In addition to the advantages and disadvantages of each technique, all methods measure the composite contribution to urethral resistance from smooth and striated muscle, urethral closure and connective tissue, although none measures intent.Conclusions-We critically reviewed the different models of stress urinary incontinence and urethral dysfunction as well as the different methods of measuring urethral resistance. Keywords urethra; urinary incontinence; stress; female; urodynamics; models; animal Urinary incontinence affects 40% of women in the United States. SUI, the involuntary leakage of urine upon effort, exertion, sneezing or coughing, accounts for a large portion of affected patients. More than 165,000 surgical procedures are performed for SUI in the United States. It is estimated that a third of the procedures that are performed to treat SUI are done in patients with recurrent disease. These currently performed procedures for SUI are based on compensatory and nonphysiological mechanisms. Since the ultimate success of the long-term management of any condition is based on an understanding of its pathophysiology, and because †Correspondence:

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“…In addition, it increased the number of nerve fascicles in the ventral half of the urethra. These observations suggest that estrogen exerts a neuroregenerative in£uence on peripheral nerve injury to the pudendal nerve [Kane et al, 2003].…”

Section: Rat As a Model Of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In addition, estrogen is a strong neuroregenerative agent [Wise, 2002] but its mechanism of action is not well understood. The rat model is being used to compare the functional and neuroanatomical e¡ects of pudendal nerve crush and vaginal distension, as well as the e¡ects of ovariectomy and estrogen [Ferguson et al, 2002;Kuo, 2002;Damaser et al, 2003;Kane et al, 2003]. Ovariectomy decreased the di¡erence in LPP between vaginal distension and sham groups [Ferguson et al, 2002] and, when performed in conjunction with multiple vaginal deliveries, ovariectomy decreased LPP [Kuo, 2002].…”

Section: Rat As a Model Of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%