Early-stage rifting of the Southern Tyrrhenian region: The Calabria–Sardinia breakup

Milia, Alfonsa; Torrente, Maurizio M.

doi:10.1016/j.jog.2014.06.001

Cited by 27 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Trench‐normal fore‐arc extension can be observed in narrow subduction zones, such as in the Calabria [ D'Agostino et al ., ; Milia and Torrente , ; Macri et al ., ] and Hellenic subduction zones [ Bohnhoff et al ., ]. Another example could be the South Shetland subduction zone [ Maldonado et al ., ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trench‐normal trench velocity ( v T⊥ , black arrow) and the major plate velocities (single white arrow) are from Schellart []. Numbers in red indicate the time of back‐arc basins formation [from Milia and Torrente , ]. The purple dashed lines around the Marsili basin and the following numbers indicate contours and depths of the slab (the top of the Wadati‐Benioff zone, from Frepoli et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overriding plate deformation and variability of fore‐arc deformation during subduction: Insight from geodynamic models and application to the Calabria subduction zone

Chen

Schellart

Duarte

2015

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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In nature, subducting slabs and overriding plate segments bordering subduction zones are generally embedded within larger plates. Such large plates can impose far‐field boundary conditions that influence the style of subduction and overriding plate deformation. Here we present dynamic laboratory models of progressive subduction in three‐dimensional space, in which the far‐field boundary conditions at the trailing edges of the subducting plate (SP) and overriding plate (OP) are varied. Four configurations are presented: Free (both plates free), SP‐Fixed, OP‐Fixed, and SP‐OP‐Fixed. We investigate their impact on the kinematics and dynamics of subduction, particularly focusing on overriding plate deformation. The results indicate that the variation in far‐field boundary conditions has an influence on the slab geometry, subduction partitioning, and trench migration partitioning. Our models also indicate that in natural (narrow) subduction zones, assuming a homogeneous overriding plate, the formation of back‐arc basins (e.g., Tyrrhenian Sea, Aegean Sea, and Scotia Sea) is generally expected to occur at a comparable location (250–700 km from the trench), irrespective of the boundary condition. In addition, our models indicate that the style of fore‐arc deformation (shortening or extension) is influenced by the mobility of the overriding plate through controlling the force normal to the subduction zone interface (trench suction). Our geodynamic model that uses the SP‐OP‐Fixed setup is comparable to the Calabria subduction zone with respect to subduction kinematics, slab geometry, trench curvature, and accretionary configuration. Furthermore, the model can explain back‐arc and fore‐arc extension at the Calabria subduction zone since the latest middle Miocene as a consequence of subduction of the narrow Calabrian slab and the immobility of the subducting African plate and overriding Eurasian plate. This setting induced strong trench suction, driving fore‐arc extension, and forced subduction to be accommodated almost entirely by slab rollback (not trenchward subducting plate motion), while trench retreat was accommodated almost entirely by back‐arc and fore‐arc extension (not trenchward overriding plate motion), comparable to our SP‐OP‐Fixed model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overriding plate deformation and variability of fore‐arc deformation during subduction: Insight from geodynamic models and application to the Calabria subduction zone

Chen

Schellart

Duarte

2015

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…The successive increase of the clay/sand ratio suggests a rapid deepening of the basin and fault-controlled subsidence (Milia & Torrente 2014). A second, tectonic event is recorded by thick conglomerates at the base of the Tor1 sequence followed by clays that indicate a rapid deepening of the basin; this tectonic subsidence continues during the deposition of the Tor2 sequence.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Sartori 2003;Milia et al 2013). Recently, the early rifting of the Tyrrhenian region (in late Miocene time) was interpreted as an upper plate extension (back-arc and forearc extension) affecting both margins of Calabria (Milia & Torrente 2014). At that time high-angle normal faults affected the western Tyrrhenian margin bounding synrift basins (Sartori et al 2004), whereas low-angle normal faults were documented on the eastern margin of the Tyrrhenian Sea in Tuscany (Pandeli et al 2010) and Calabria (Mattei et al 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Rift and supradetachment basins during extension: insight from the Tyrrhenian rift

Milia

Torrente

2014

JGS

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The style of extensional basins provides key insights into the magnitude of extension and their kinematic evolution. The newly documented Stilo rift (off Calabria, Italy) features a Serravallian-Tortonian rift basin bounded by a high-angle normal fault and a Messinian adjacent supradetachment basin bounded by a low-angle normal fault. We propose a kinematic model suggesting the abandonment of the high-angle normal fault and the beginning of low-angle normal fault activity, followed by a rapid increase in extension. The triggering mechanism of the low-angle normal faults can be attributed to rapid rollback of the subducting plate and/or to isostatic crustal uplift.Supplementary material: The seismic dataset and methods of interpretation are available at

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Pliocene‐Quaternary orogenic systems in Central Mediterranean: The Apulia‐Southern Apennines‐Tyrrhenian Sea example

2017

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In the Central Mediterranean the Africa‐Eurasia convergence led to the development of complex orogenic systems and back‐arc basins. Throughout Pliocene‐Quaternary times the Southern Apennines accretionary prism migrated toward the Apulia foreland and, contemporaneously, the Tyrrhenian Sea back‐arc basin opened. In this study, we investigated the offshore of the southern Apulia foreland and the Southern Apennines. Using seismic reflection profiles and well data in a dedicated GIS software, we made a detailed stratigraphic analysis, reconstructed the structural pattern, and built 2‐D geological models of the main geological surfaces. The structure of the Apulia region formed during two main tectonic stages: lower Pleistocene complex extensional faulting developed in a transtensional regime and middle‐upper Pleistocene transpression/shortening. The Southern Apennines accretionary prism developed through the Pliocene‐early lower Pleistocene and was overprinted by late lower Pleistocene‐middle Pleistocene NW‐SE sinistral faults. Through linking new data from the accretionary prism and the foreland with previous information from the Tyrrhenian Sea back‐arc, we provide an original interpretation for the relationships between the various provinces that make the Central Mediterranean crustal puzzle and reconstruct the main phases of the evolution of its Pliocene‐Quaternary orogenic cycle. We recognized collisional stages of uncoupled plates, followed by late lower‐middle Pleistocene postcollisional stages of coupled continental plates. This Pleistocene plate reorganization of Central Mediterranean was probably due to the rupture of the Apulia/Ionian slab or to NNW intraplate shortening transmitted from Africa.

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Early-stage rifting of the Southern Tyrrhenian region: The Calabria–Sardinia breakup

Cited by 27 publications

References 77 publications

Overriding plate deformation and variability of fore‐arc deformation during subduction: Insight from geodynamic models and application to the Calabria subduction zone

Overriding plate deformation and variability of fore‐arc deformation during subduction: Insight from geodynamic models and application to the Calabria subduction zone

Rift and supradetachment basins during extension: insight from the Tyrrhenian rift

Pliocene‐Quaternary orogenic systems in Central Mediterranean: The Apulia‐Southern Apennines‐Tyrrhenian Sea example

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