Early Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Young Adult Sexual Health

Wickrama, Thulitha; Merten, Michael J.; Wickrama, K. A. S.

doi:10.5993/ajhb.36.6.10

Cited by 33 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In addition, Janssen, De Wit, Stroebe, and Van Griensven (2000) found young gay men from a lower socioeconomic status (SES) were at greater risk of HIV infection compared with peers from higher SES strata, due to less knowledge about HIV transmission and risk behaviors. Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) indicates adolescents from families and communities that are socioeconomically disadvantaged are at greater risk for sexually transmitted infections, less consistent use of condoms, more likely to have multiple sex partners and more likely to have experienced earlier sexual engagement (Wickrama, Merten, & Wickrama, 2012). Despite these findings, there is a need for more recent research that explores how SES and race/ethnicity are associated with sexual risk-taking behaviors in a new generation of YMSM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Episodic Analysis of Substance Use and Risky Sexual Behavior in a Racially Diverse Sample of Young Men Who Have Sex with Men

Moeller

Palamar

Halkitis

et al. 2014

Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services

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Many studies have examined the relations between drug use and sexual behaviors; however, few have utilized episodic data to examine the co-occurrence of both behaviors within the same episode. This study surveyed 403 racially and ethnically diverse gay, bisexual, and other young men who have sex with men (YMSM; ages [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] in New York City. Men were surveyed about their sexual behavior and concurrent use of illicit substances and alcohol during their most recent sexual encounter with their main and/or casual partner(s). Logistic regression models were built to analyze predictors of unprotected oral and anal intercourse with main and casual partners. Results suggest that use of inhalant nitrates and alcohol increased the odds of men engaging in unprotected receptive anal intercourse (URAI) and men who identified as middle or high socioeconomic status (SES) were at lower odds of engaging in URAI with their main partner. Use of other illicit substances was not associated with unprotected sexual intercourse. These findings indicate a need to further consider the role of licit substances used by YMSM as a means of further reducing the incidence of HIV infection in this population. In addition, the high rates of unprotected anal intercourse among men reporting a main partner has the potential to be a significant source of HIV risk, and should be further explored among YMSM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Episodic Analysis of Substance Use and Risky Sexual Behavior in a Racially Diverse Sample of Young Men Who Have Sex with Men

Moeller

Palamar

Halkitis

et al. 2014

Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services

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“…These pathologies have been associated with increased engagement in high-risk sexual behaviors, 36,37 suggesting another mechanism by which SES-risk may increase STI acquisition. 38 This indirect path posits that adolescent adjustment (e.g., coping ability, mental health) may mediate the association between SES-related risk and later STI acquisition. 38 Wickrama et al identified a direct association between community-level disadvantage during childhood and STI prevalence in a nationally representative sample of young adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…38 This indirect path posits that adolescent adjustment (e.g., coping ability, mental health) may mediate the association between SES-related risk and later STI acquisition. 38 Wickrama et al identified a direct association between community-level disadvantage during childhood and STI prevalence in a nationally representative sample of young adults. 38 Importantly, Wickrama’s study also found that adolescent adjustment difficulties and risky sexual practices only partially mediated the relationship between SES-related factors, suggesting that other, undetermined mechanisms may also mediate this relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…38 Wickrama et al identified a direct association between community-level disadvantage during childhood and STI prevalence in a nationally representative sample of young adults. 38 Importantly, Wickrama’s study also found that adolescent adjustment difficulties and risky sexual practices only partially mediated the relationship between SES-related factors, suggesting that other, undetermined mechanisms may also mediate this relationship. 38 In the current study, sexual risk, mental health ratings, and coping were included in analyses to account for these demonstrated influential factors on STI acquisition, yet they were not significantly predictive of STI acquisition when SES-related risk was included in the models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socioeconomic-Related Risk and Sexually Transmitted Infection Among African-American Adolescent Females

Sales

Smearman

Swartzendruber

et al. 2014

Journal of Adolescent Health

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Introduction Virtually no studies have examined the potential role that chronic stress, particularly the stress associated with socioeconomic (SES) strain, may play on STI risk. This study examined the association between SES-related risk at baseline to STI acquisition and reinfection over 36 months of follow-up. Methods 627 African-American female adolescents, ages 14–20 years, recruited from sexual health clinics in Atlanta, GA participated in a randomized controlled HIV prevention trial, and returned for at least 1 follow-up assessment. Following baseline assessment, 6 waves of data collection occurred prospectively over 36 months. Chronic SES-related risk was assessed as a sum of yes-no exposure to seven risk indicators. Laboratory confirmed tests for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrheoea were performed at each follow-up. Results In multivariable regression analysis, SES-related risk significantly predicted STI acquisition over 36 months (AOR = 1.22) and STI reinfection (AOR = 1.16) above and beyond other known correlates of STI. Discussion Findings demonstrate that SES-related risk was predictive of both STI acquisition and reinfection among young African-American females. They are consistent with propositions that some health disparities observed in adulthood may be linked to earlier chronically stress-inducing life experiences, particularly experiences associated with low SES conditions. Although various explanations exist for the observed connection between SES-related risk and subsequent STI acquisition and/or reinfection across 36 months of follow-up, these findings highlight the need for further research to elucidate the exact pathway(s) by which SES-related risk influences later STI acquisition in order to refine STI prevention interventions for this population.

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“…21 These theories have also been applied more generally (beyond crime) to neighborhood disorder and disadvantage. 22,23 The relationships between crime, fear of victimization, substance use, depressive symptoms, and sexual transmission risk-taking behavior are complex. Understanding the mechanism(s) underlying these relationships will be key to intervention development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Crime and Sexual Transmission Risk Behavior among Black Men Living with HIV

Ojikutu¹,

Bogart²,

Klein³

et al. 2018

Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved

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Here, we examined the association of exposure to neighborhood crime with sexual risk-taking behavior among Black men living with HIV. HIV-positive Black men on anti-retroviral therapy in California completed an audio computer-assisted self-interview. Crime risk per census block group was derived from the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Uniform Crime Report. Among 193 men, the mean (SD) number of sexual partners among those who were sexually active was 2.7 (3.3). 49% reported condomless sex, and 23% reported sex with an HIV-negative or unknown-serostatus partner. In multivariate analysis, illicit drug use ([IRR=1.86; 95%CI: 1.20–2.89] p=.006), depressive symptoms ([IRR=1.59; 95%CI: 1.03–2.44] p=.03), an undetectable viral load ([IRR=1.91; 95%CI: 1.22–3.00] p=.005), and neighborhood total crime risk ([IRR=1.02; 95%CI: 1.01–1.04] p=.007) remained significant. Among Black men living with HIV, exposure to neighborhood crime is associated with having multiple sexual partners whose HIV status was negative or unknown.

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Early Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Young Adult Sexual Health

Cited by 33 publications

References 44 publications

An Episodic Analysis of Substance Use and Risky Sexual Behavior in a Racially Diverse Sample of Young Men Who Have Sex with Men

An Episodic Analysis of Substance Use and Risky Sexual Behavior in a Racially Diverse Sample of Young Men Who Have Sex with Men

Socioeconomic-Related Risk and Sexually Transmitted Infection Among African-American Adolescent Females

Neighborhood Crime and Sexual Transmission Risk Behavior among Black Men Living with HIV

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