Early policy actions and emergency response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Mongolia: experiences and challenges

Erkhembayar, Ryenchindorj; Dickinson, E. M.; Badarch, Darmaa; Narula, Indermohan; Warburton, David; Thomas, G. Neil; Оchir, Chimedsuren; Manaseki‐Holland, Semira

doi:10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30295-3

Cited by 70 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Unfortunately, adherence to these commands has declined over time among people a few months after the disease outbreak all over the world 8 . Therefore, understanding the determinants responsible for protective measures against the virus spread is of great importance for the effectiveness of the proposed commands 9 , 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with preventive behaviors of COVID-19 among adolescents: Applying the health belief model

Dastgerdi

Khoshgoftar²,

Tavakoli³

et al. 2021

Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy

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Background The emergence of a new pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is a unique challenge for public health (all age and sex groups). Objective This study aimed to explore the adolescents’ perceptions of preventive behaviors to avoid COVID-19 disease based on the health belief model (HBM). Method This cross-sectional study was conducted on 797adolescents (aged between 12-18 years old), who were 7 th -12 th -grade students of 24 randomly selected schools from 28 th May to 28 th June 2020 in Isfahan, Iran. An online self-administered questionnaire was adapted to measure the adolescents’ perceived threats, barriers, benefits, self-efficacy, and cues to action toward protective behaviors. Results Findings indicated that the adolescents' mean age was 14.7 (SD=1.7) and 53.7% of them were female. Regardless of gender difference, there was a significant positive correlation between the adolescents’ protective behaviors and their self-efficacy (r=0.62, P<0.001), perceived benefit (r=29, P<0.001), and perceived severity (r=0.15, P<0.001), while there was a significant negative correlation between the adolescents’ protective behaviors and their perceived susceptibility (r=-0.11, P<0.001), as well as their perceived barrier (r=-0.21, P<0.001). The result of the Hierarchical regression analysis also revealed that the HBM model had a significant predictive power for preventing measures towards coronavirus disease in adolescents (Adj R 2 = 0.46, p<0.001). The results also showed that self-efficacy was the strongest predictor (β=0.59, P<0.001) in explaining protective behaviors in adolescents. Conclusion In the context of coronavirus disease pandemic in adolescents, the health belief model could provide a useful framework for planners to develop educational programs. Moreover, in such a context, strategies to promote self-efficacy in adolescents should be considered more carefully to help them improve their protective behaviors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with preventive behaviors of COVID-19 among adolescents: Applying the health belief model

Dastgerdi

Khoshgoftar²,

Tavakoli³

et al. 2021

Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that similar to Vietnam, other countries in the region such as Mongolia [ 152 ], Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea also performed effective policy responses in the early stages of the epidemic [ 48 , 49 , 50 ]. For example, in Mongolia, the first public preventive measures were introduced by the MOH on 6–12 January, 2020 [ 152 ]. Moreover, with the first imported cases on January 13th and January 15th in Thailand and Japan, respectively [ 153 ], the Mongolian government immediately held meetings through the MOH’s organization to discuss issues of emergency preparedness regulations and a one-window policy for COVID-19 information from 13–19 January [ 152 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in Mongolia, the first public preventive measures were introduced by the MOH on 6–12 January, 2020 [ 152 ]. Moreover, with the first imported cases on January 13th and January 15th in Thailand and Japan, respectively [ 153 ], the Mongolian government immediately held meetings through the MOH’s organization to discuss issues of emergency preparedness regulations and a one-window policy for COVID-19 information from 13–19 January [ 152 ]. With rising CCs in China and the appearance of the first CC in South Korea on 20 January, Mongolia issued PDs dated from 20–26 January requiring all educational institutions to be temprarily closed until 30 March and travel restrictions applied to China [ 152 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Policy Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Vietnam

Vodden

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The COVID-19 pandemic has become one of the most serious health crises in human history, spreading rapidly across the globe from January 2020 to the present. With prompt and drastic measures, Vietnam is one of the few countries that has largely succeeded in controlling the outbreak. This result is derived from a harmonious combination of many factors, with the policy system playing a key role. This study assessed the policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam from the early days of the outbreak in January 2020 to 24 July 2020 (with a total of 413 cases confirmed and 99 days of no new cases infected from the local community) by synthesizing and evaluating 959 relevant policy documents in different classifications. The findings show that the Vietnamese policy system responded promptly, proactively, and effectively at multiple authority levels (33 different agencies from the national to provincial governments), using a range of policy tools and measures. Parallel to the daily occurrence of 2.24 new cases, 5.13 new policy documents were issued on average per day over the study period. The pandemic policy response over the first six months in Vietnam were divided into four periods, I (23 January–5 March), II (6–19 March), III (20 March–21 April), and IV (22 April–24 July). This paper synthesizes eight solution groups for these four anti-pandemic phases, including outbreak announcements and steering documents, medical measures, blockade of the schools, emergency responses, border and entry control measures, social isolation and nationwide social isolation measures, financial supports, and other measures. By emphasizing diversification of the policy responses, from the agencies to the tools and measures, the case study reviews and shares lessons from the successful COVID-19 prevention and control in Vietnam that could be useful for other nations.

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“…Unfortunately, it seems unlikely that SARS-CoV-2 will disappear naturally or by current intervention strategies, including isolation of patients, quarantine of contacts, physical distancing, and standard precautions including wearing a mask and hand washing. It is possible to contain the outbreak at local level; some countries or regions were able to reduce their new cases to almost zero by extensive measures such as "lockdown" and strict "border control" (Baker M. et al, 2020;Erkhembayar et al, 2020;Wang C. J. et al, 2020;Wu and McGoogan, 2020). However, these interventions cannot be sustained for months or years worldwide (Chowdhury et al, 2020;Weill et al, 2020).…”

Section: Coronaviruses Including Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses That Can and Cannot Coexist With Humans and the Future of SARS-CoV-2

Furuse

Oshitani

2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a worldwide pandemic. Many projections concerning the outbreak, such as the estimated number of cases and deaths in upcoming months, have been made available. However, what happens to the virus after the pandemic subsides has not been fully explored. In this article, we discuss the ways that past and present human viruses have emerged via zoonotic transmission, the mechanisms that they have acquired the ability for effective transmission among humans, the process to sustain a chain of transmission to coexist with humans, and the factors important for complete containment leading to eradication of viruses. These aspects of viral disease may provide clues for the future path that SARS-CoV-2 might take in relation to human infection.

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Early policy actions and emergency response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Mongolia: experiences and challenges

Cited by 70 publications

References 24 publications

Factors associated with preventive behaviors of COVID-19 among adolescents: Applying the health belief model

Factors associated with preventive behaviors of COVID-19 among adolescents: Applying the health belief model

Policy Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Vietnam

Viruses That Can and Cannot Coexist With Humans and the Future of SARS-CoV-2

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