Viruses That Can and Cannot Coexist With Humans and the Future of SARS-CoV-2

This study is aimed to identify the adverse effects associated with three types of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines. Approximately 1736 individuals agreed to participate in this study. The participants involved in the study were individuals who had received the first dose or full course (two doses) of the vaccine at least 30 days before the survey. A direct and interactive web‐based system interview with a paper and electronic version of the questionnaire was used for all participants. A total of 1736 randomized individuals were identified. The reactogenicity of the vaccines including pain, redness, urticaria, and swelling at the site of the injection was reported in 34.56% of the participants. Local site reaction was reported in more individuals who had Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccines than those who received the Sinopharm vaccine. The systemic events were more common with AstraZeneca and Pfizer vaccines, symptoms reported were fatigue, body pain, headache, muscle pain, fever, and gastrointestinal side effects. There were no correlations between age or gender, and the duration of the adverse effects for the three vaccines. Swelling and severe allergic reaction of the eyelids, severe hypotension, generalized body aches, shortness of breath, weakness and numbness on the injected arm, acute hyperglycemia, severe chest pain, and fever more than 39°C were among the unusual signs and symptoms reported by the participants. Pfizer, AstraZeneca, and Sinopharm vaccines were found to be safe and Sinopharm vaccine showed a lower prevalence of adverse effects compared with the other vaccines. The duration and severity of adverse effects were not affected by age or gender. Unusual side effects should be closely monitored to establish determine they are linked to the immunization.

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“…At the time of writing, the number of people vaccinated was 411.61 million and 93,343,417 are fully vaccinated globally. 6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of COVID‐19 vaccines

Aga

Alkhaffaf

Hatem

et al. 2021

Journal of Medical Virology

144

118

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“…However, we made the assumption when we did not yet have effective vaccines. With the development of effective vaccines, we hoped to eliminate the virus and return to normalcy ( Figure 2 , Panel A) [ 34 , 35 ]. The emergence of more transmissible variants and the possible reduction in vaccine efficacy have changed our perceptions of the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of future COVID-19 epidemic by vaccination coverage scenarios in Japan

Furuse

2021

J Glob Health

Self Cite

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“…As predicted by many experts, the COVID-19 will last irregularly or seasonally for a long period, and SARS-CoV-2 is very likely to coexist with human beings. 97 Therefore, establishing the immunological barrier to SARS-CoV-2 is essential. At present, all countries around the world are actively developing vaccines against COVID-19 for herd immunity, the threshold of which can be achieved only with a high vaccination rate of 60–70% of the population.…”

Section: Water-related Concerns and Strategies For Controlling Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Global Overview of SARS-CoV-2 in Wastewater: Detection, Treatment, and Prevention

et al. 2021

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A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causing corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has attracted global attention due to its highly infectious and pathogenic properties. Most of current studies focus on aerosols released from infected individuals, but the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater also should be examined. In this review, we used bibliometrics to statistically evaluate the importance of water-related issues in the context of COVID-19. The results show that the levels and transmission possibilities of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater are the main concerns, followed by potential secondary pollution by the intensive use of disinfectants, sludge disposal, and the personal safety of workers. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater requires more attention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the most effective techniques, i.e., wastewater-based epidemiology and quantitative microbial risk assessment, for virus surveillance in wastewater are systematically analyzed. We further explicitly review and analyze the successful operation of a sewage treatment plant in Huoshenshan Hospital in China as an example and reference for other sewage treatment systems to properly ensure discharge safety and tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. This review offers deeper insight into the prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 and similar viruses in the post-COVID-19 era from a wastewater perspective.

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Viruses That Can and Cannot Coexist With Humans and the Future of SARS-CoV-2

Cited by 20 publications

References 152 publications

Safety of COVID‐19 vaccines

Safety of COVID‐19 vaccines

Simulation of future COVID-19 epidemic by vaccination coverage scenarios in Japan

A Global Overview of SARS-CoV-2 in Wastewater: Detection, Treatment, and Prevention

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