Early Pliocene marine sediments, coastline, and climate of East Antarctica

Pickard, John; Adamson, Donald; Harwood, David M.; Miller, Gifford H.; Quilty, Patrick G.; Dell, R. K.

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0158:epmsca>2.3.co;2

Cited by 74 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Sandiford, 2007), Loyalties island (e.g. Guyomard et al, 1996), Canarias (Meco et al, 2007), Italy (Carobene and Cevasco, 2011), South Africa (Franceschini and Compton, 2004;Roberts et al, 2011), and Eastern Antarctica (Pickard et al, 1988). The second criteria enlists the results of extrapolations we ran in which 135 coastal sequences are supposed to be early Pleistocene or older (up to Oligocene).…”

Section: The Upper Part Of the Sequences: Lower Pleistocene-eocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal staircase sequences reflecting sea-level oscillations and tectonic uplift during the Quaternary and Neogene

Pedoja

Husson

Johnson

et al. 2014

Earth-Science Reviews

167

195

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. Many coasts feature sequences of Quaternary and Neogene shorelines that are shaped by a combination of sealevel oscillations and tectonics. We compiled a global synthesis of sea-level changes for the following highstands: MIS 1, MIS 3, MIS 5e and MIS 11. Also, we date the apparent onset of sequences of paleoshorelines either from published data or tentatively extrapolating an age for the uppermost, purported oldest shoreline in each sequence. Including the most documented MIS 5e benchmark, we identify 926 sequences out of which 185 also feature Holocene shorelines. Six areas are identified where elevations of the MIS 3 shorelines are known, and 31 feature elevation data for MIS 11 shorelines. Genetic relationships to regional geodynamics are further explored based on the elevations of the MIS 5e benchmark. Mean apparent uplift rates range from 0.01 ± 0.01 mm/yr (hotspots) to 1.47 ± 0.08 mm/yr (continental collision). Passive margins appear as ubiquitously uplifting, while tectonic segmentation is more important on active margins. From the literature and our extrapolations, we infer ages for the onset of formation for~180 coastal sequences. Sea level fingerprinting on coastal sequences started at least during mid Miocene and locally as early as Eocene. Whether due to the changes in the bulk volume of seawater or to the temporal variations in the shape of ocean basins, estimates of eustasy fail to explain the magnitude of the apparent sea level drop. Thus, vertical ground motion is invoked, and we interpret the longlasting development of those paleoshore sequences as the imprint of glacial cycles on globally uplifted margins in response to continental compression. The geomorphological expression of the sequences matches the amplitude and frequency of glacial cyclicity. From middle Pleistocene to present-day, moderately fast (100,000 yrs) oscillating sea levels favor the development of well identified strandlines that are distinct from one another. Pliocene and Lower Pleistocene strandlines associated with faster cyclicity (40,000 yrs) are more compact and easily merge into rasas, whereas older Cenozoic low-frequency eustatic changes generally led to widespread flat-lying coastal plains.

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Section: The Upper Part Of the Sequences: Lower Pleistocene-eocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal staircase sequences reflecting sea-level oscillations and tectonic uplift during the Quaternary and Neogene

Pedoja

Husson

Johnson

et al. 2014

Earth-Science Reviews

167

195

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The marine fossils found there are different from the modern faunas found in the region, likely due to its shallower origin (Quilty et al 1990). Assuming a similar age of deposition to Marine Plain (4.5-4.1 Ma), this suggests the area had less intense glaciation than at present (Pickard et al 1988) and was probably warmer with a higher sea level (Quilty et al 1990). …”

Section: Larsemann Hills East Antarcticamentioning

confidence: 90%

“…These deposits unconformably infill valleys within Precambrian metamorphic basement rock (Adamson and Pickard 1983). The part of the Sørsdal Formation that contains abundant bivalve material has been dated to the early Pliocene (4.5-4.1 Ma) using diatom and bivalve biostratigraphic records Pickard et al 1986Pickard et al , 1988Quilty et al 2000;Harwood et al 2000) and is supported by magnetic polarity data from the site (Berggren et al 1995;Quilty et al 2000). This age has been further constrained to 4.2 to 4.1 Ma (Whitehead et al 2004;Whitehead et al 2006b).…”

Section: Vestfold Hills East Antarcticamentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The palaeoclimate at the time of deposition (4.5-4.1 Ma) is thought to have been warmer than present with reduced or no sea ice, interpreted from a low abundance of sea-ice diatoms (compared to present) (Harwood 1986;Pickard et al 1986Pickard et al , 1988Quilty 1991Quilty , 1992Quilty , 1993Fordyce and Quilty 1994;Whitehead 2001). There is no lithological evidence for glacial erosion or re-deposition from the part of the succession composed of diatomaceous siltstone .…”

Section: Vestfold Hills East Antarcticamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no lithological evidence for glacial erosion or re-deposition from the part of the succession composed of diatomaceous siltstone . During deposition of the Sørsdal Formation it is assumed that the ice-sheet margin was at least 50 km farther inland compared to its current position, due to the large volume of aeolian sand grains within the formation (Pickard et al 1988;Whitehead et al 2001). It is interesting to note that the more open marine sedimentary deposits of the Vestfold Hills bear well-preserved carbonate microfossils whereas diatomites cropping out in the Marine Plain lack any calcareous microfossils.…”

Section: Vestfold Hills East Antarcticamentioning

confidence: 99%

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