Early migration and pathogenicity of<i>Angiostrongylus cantonensis</i>in laboratory rats

Jindrak, K

doi:10.1080/00034983.1968.11686591

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The therapeutic larval 'eclipse' during the early period of infection is not clearly understood. It is known, however, that during the first 70 h of infection, the larvae are found in the central nervous system as well as some of the visceral organs, and musculature [Jindrak, 1968], It is possi ble that the results may reflect a sheltering effect of the various body or gans to the migrating larvae, as well as a possible increased sensitivity of the larvae to the drug as they start developing in the brain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of 1-TetramisoIe on Angiostrongylus cantonensis Infection in Rats

Jindrak¹,

Alicata²

1969

Chemotherapy

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of 1-TetramisoIe on Angiostrongylus cantonensis Infection in Rats

Jindrak¹,

Alicata²

1969

Chemotherapy

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“…Greatly increased numbers were noted at both 4 and 8 days after the second infection (standard error of the mean: 11 and 15, respectively). DISCUSSION The life history of the rat lungworm, A. cantonensis, including details of the migration of the third-stage larvae in rats, has been described (1,4). Although the pattern of distribution of the larvae varies somewhat according to the number involved, the following is a general account of the migration pattern of this parasite in rats.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The remaining 36 drug-treated rats and 6 previously uninfected viability controls were challenged with 100 A. cantonensis larvae 56 days after the drug-treated rats had been given the first infection. Four rats were selected on days 1,4,8,15,22,29, and 35 for estimation of the enzyme concentrations in the lungs and Fig. 1A and B.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiostrongylus cantonensis: phospholipase in nonsensitized and sensitized rats after challenge

Ottolenghi¹,

Weatherly²,

Kocan³

et al. 1977

Infect Immun

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Rats given an initial infection with Angiostrongylus cantonensis had moderately elevated phospholipase B activity in the lungs at 8 and 15 days after challenge, and greatly elevated levels were evident at 35, 43, and 49 days. In the brain, the values were elevated at 15 through 35 days. These periods of increased activity in the lungs and brain coincided with the migration patterns of the third-stage larvae and the adult worms in this host. The elevated enzyme levels also were correlated with increased numbers of eosinophils in the bone marrow at 8 and 15 days and again at 36, 43, and 49 days after infection. Similarly infected rats exhibited leukocytosis at 1 through 10 weeks of observation after challenge, and striking eosinophilia at 1, 7, 8, and 9 weeks. Rats reinfected after being blended, the snail tissue was digested in a 1% pepsin-1% HCl solution for 1 h at 37"C; the mixture was lightly centrifuged, and the sediment was resuspended in a gelatin-broth medium. After adjust-13 on August 5, 2020 by guest http://iai.asm.org/ Downloaded from

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“…Hyperaesthesia may also be associated with migration of L 3 along peripheral nerves, particularly the sciatic nerve; this has been documented in experimentally infected dogs, rabbits and mice [13,17,45]. Pneumostrongylus tenius larvae invade the CNS of Canadian White-tailed deer via peripheral nerves, especially those in the lumbar muscles [46]. This migration pattern may occur with A. cantonensis in dogs and would account for lumbar pain being a common early sign.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty two cases of canine neural angiostrongylosis in eastern Australia (2002-2005) and a review of the literature

Lee

Smaller

et al. 2012

Parasites Vectors

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Cases of canine neural angiostrongylosis (NA) with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) evaluations in the peer-reviewed literature were tabulated. All cases were from Australia. A retrospective cohort of 59 dogs was contrasted with a series of 22 new cases where NA was diagnosed by the presence of both eosinophilic pleocytosis and anti- Angiostrongylus cantonensis immunloglobulins (IgG) in CSF, determined by ELISA or Western blot. Both cohorts were drawn from south east Queensland and Sydney. The retrospective cohort comprised mostly pups presented for hind limb weakness with hyperaesthesia, a mixture of upper motor neurone (UMN) and lower motor neurone (LMN) signs in the hind limbs and urinary incontinence. Signs were attributed to larval migration through peripheral nerves, nerve roots, spinal cord and brain associated with an ascending eosinophilic meningo-encephomyelitis. The contemporary cohort consisted of a mixture of pups, young adult and mature dogs, with a wider range of signs including (i) paraparesis/proprioceptive ataxia (ii) lumbar and tail base hyperaesthesia, (iii) multi-focal central nervous system dysfunction, or (iv) focal disease with neck pain, cranial neuropathy and altered mentation. Cases were seen throughout the year, most between April and July (inclusive). There was a preponderance of large breeds. Often littermates, or multiple animals from the same kennel, were affected simultaneously or sequentially. A presumptive diagnosis was based on consistent signs, proximity to rats, ingestion/chewing of slugs or snails and eosinophilic pleocytosis. NA was diagnosed by demonstrating anti- A. cantonensis IgG in CSF. Detecting anti- A. cantonensis IgG in serum was unhelpful because many normal dogs (20/21 pound dogs; 8/22 of a hospital population) had such antibodies, often at substantial titres. Most NA cases in the contemporary series (19/22) and many pups (16/38) in the retrospective cohort were managed successfully using high doses of prednisolone and opioids. Treatment often included antibiotics administered in case protozoan encephalomyelitis or translocated bacterial meningitis was present. Supportive measures included bladder care and physiotherapy. Several dogs were left with permanent neural deficits. Dogs are an important sentinel species for NA. Human cases and numerous cases in tawny frogmouths were reported from the same regions as affected dogs over the study period. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-70) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Early migration and pathogenicity ofAngiostrongylus cantonensisin laboratory rats

Cited by 30 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of 1-TetramisoIe on Angiostrongylus cantonensis Infection in Rats

Effect of 1-TetramisoIe on Angiostrongylus cantonensis Infection in Rats

Angiostrongylus cantonensis: phospholipase in nonsensitized and sensitized rats after challenge

Twenty two cases of canine neural angiostrongylosis in eastern Australia (2002-2005) and a review of the literature

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