Early Maladaptive Schemas, Depression, Distress and Discomfort Tolerance in Migraine Headache

Önen, Sınay; Güneş, Aygül

doi:10.15761/0101-60830000000259

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Studies showed that migraine attacks emerge mostly after a stressful experience and in the early stages of life. A total of 25% of the attacks start before 10 years of age and 55% start between 10 and 20 years of age ( 18 , 20 ). On the contrary, EMSDs defined by Young are related not only to migraine but also to all other early repetitive adverse experiences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas on the relationship between illness perception and pain coping strategies among adolescents diagnosed with migraine

et al. 2023

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas on the relationship between illness-related perceptions and pain coping strategies among adolescents diagnosed with migraine.Material and methodsA total of 134 adolescents (aged 12–18 years) diagnosed with migraine with and without aura participated in the study. The Illness Perception Questionnaire, the Pain Coping Questionnaire, and the Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaires Set for Children and Adolescents were used.ResultsThe intensity of using desperate ways of coping with pain was higher among adolescents who perceive migraine as a chronic disease (β = 0.199, p < 0.05) even if they have episodic attacks and who have higher levels of coherency in understanding the illness (β = 0.256, p < 0.01). First, full mediations of over-vigilance/inhibition and impaired autonomy/performance schema domains on these relations were observed. Second, the increases in negative cognitive (β = 0.199, p < 0.05) and emotional (β = 0.280, p < 0.01) representations related to the consequences of the illness lead to an increase in the uncontrolled and frequent use of analgesic drugs where the partial mediating role of over-vigilance/inhibition schema domain on this correlation is observed. The perceptions about the negative as well as serious consequences of migraine are related to both the self-active behaviors (β = 0.181, p < 0.05) and the conscious cognitive attempts (β = 0.207, p < 0.05) as effective coping strategies, which is an unexpected finding. The disconnection/rejection schema domain had a full mediation role on both relations.ConclusionThe results suggest that early maladaptive schemas are essential factors that affect the migraine coping processes of adolescents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas on the relationship between illness perception and pain coping strategies among adolescents diagnosed with migraine

et al. 2023

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“…Recently, studies in adults have focused on the relationship between emotional problems, EMS, and migraine. Onen et al speculated that the self-sacrifice schema may be associated with both depression and migraine (35). Previous studies reported that defensive styles/dysfunctional attitudes were linked to EMSs, emotional and behavioral symptoms, and migraine symptoms (14,23,24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early maladaptive schemas in episodic and chronic migraine in adolescents

et al. 2023

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IntroductionPsychotherapies, such as schema therapy, are receiving increasing attention in the management of pediatric headaches. The purpose of this study was to investigate early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) in adolescents with episodic migraine (EM) and chronic migraine (CM).MethodsThis clinic-based, cross-sectional study consisted of 167 adolescents, aged 12–18, who were diagnosed with EM (n = 140) and CM (n = 27). The clinical characteristics of migraine, its accompanying symptoms, EMSs, the interrelationship of EMSs, depression, and anxiety were evaluated. We specifically analyzed psychopathology and abuse history as covariates in this study.ResultsDefectiveness/shame, mistrust/abuse, abandonment/instability, enmeshment/undeveloped self, self-sacrifice, and subjugation schemas were more prevalent in the CM group. In terms of schema domains, the CM group scored significantly higher in disconnection/rejection and other orientations. Psychopathology did not affect the EMS scores, but a history of sexual abuse did. In patients with EM, a relationship was found between the variables of anxiety, depression, and five of the EMS domains. On the other hand, the CM group showed a significant relationship with anxiety, hypervigilance/inhibition, disconnection/rejection, and other orientation domains.DiscussionThis study highlights the value of EMSs, anxiety, and depression in young people with EM and CM. Schema therapy and schema-based therapeutic interventions should be researched, especially in pediatric migraine, as they may potentially prevent the progression to treatment-resistant migraine.

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Early maladaptive schemas differing according to sex may contribute to migraine among the youth

Aksu

Kayar

Tufan

et al. 2022

Brain and Development

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Early Maladaptive Schemas, Depression, Distress and Discomfort Tolerance in Migraine Headache

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas on the relationship between illness perception and pain coping strategies among adolescents diagnosed with migraine

The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas on the relationship between illness perception and pain coping strategies among adolescents diagnosed with migraine

Early maladaptive schemas in episodic and chronic migraine in adolescents

Early maladaptive schemas differing according to sex may contribute to migraine among the youth

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