Early Life Stress: Nature and Nurture

Dallman, Mary F.

doi:10.1210/en.2014-1267

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The risk for schizophrenia and psychosis is also increased by ELA (van Os et al, 2010;Bentall et al, 2014), which are highly comorbid with substance use disorder (Schmidt L. M. et al, 2011;Li et al, 2020). Palatable food cravings and disordered eating are strongly associated with ELA (Halmi, 2009;Dallman, 2014;Osadchiy et al, 2019), and these cravings are commonly observed in individuals with OUD (Morabia et al, 1989;Pelchat, 2002;Mysels and Sullivan, 2010;Canan et al, 2017;McDonald and Laurent, 2019;Nolan, 2019). This high co-incidence of multiple reward-related problems suggests a common underlying mechanism by which disruption of reward circuitry may lead to a variety of poor mental health outcomes.…”

Section: Dysfunction Of Reward Circuits: a Common Thread For Oud And mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Developmental Origins of Opioid Use Disorder and Its Comorbidities

Levis

Mahler

Baram

2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Opioid use disorder (OUD) rarely presents as a unitary psychiatric condition, and the comorbid symptoms likely depend upon the diverse risk factors and mechanisms by which OUD can arise. These factors are heterogeneous and include genetic predisposition, exposure to prescription opioids, and environmental risks. Crucially, one key environmental risk factor for OUD is early life adversity (ELA). OUD and other substance use disorders are widely considered to derive in part from abnormal reward circuit function, which is likely also implicated in comorbid mental illnesses such as depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. ELA may disrupt reward circuit development and function in a manner predisposing to these disorders. Here, we describe new findings addressing the effects of ELA on reward circuitry that lead to OUD and comorbid disorders, potentially via shared neural mechanisms. We discuss some of these OUD-related problems in both humans and animals. We also highlight the increasingly apparent, crucial contribution of biological sex in mediating the range of ELA-induced disruptions of reward circuitry which may confer risk for the development of OUD and comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders.

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Section: Dysfunction Of Reward Circuits: a Common Thread For Oud And mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Developmental Origins of Opioid Use Disorder and Its Comorbidities

Levis

Mahler

Baram

2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Indeed, circadian rhythm is used to determine the better-timed drug delivery, also named chronotherapy (135). This approach associates increased efficacy and reduced toxicity of the drug by the circadian evaluation of its absorption, its metabolism and its elimination (136,137). The investigation of circadian oscillations in infected patients constitutes a challenge.…”

Section: Circadian Rhythms and Management Of Infected Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

For Whom the Clock Ticks: Clinical Chronobiology for Infectious Diseases

et al. 2020

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The host defense against pathogens varies among individuals. Among the factors influencing host response, those associated with circadian disruptions are emerging. These latter depend on molecular clocks, which control the two partners of host defense: microbes and immune system. There is some evidence that infections are closely related to circadian rhythms in terms of susceptibility, clinical presentation and severity. In this review, we overview what is known about circadian rhythms in infectious diseases and update the knowledge about circadian rhythms in immune system, pathogens and vectors. This heuristic approach opens a new fascinating field of time-based personalized treatment of infected patients.

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“…Gradual increase in basal corticosterone levels over the course of this period reaches a critical threshold at PN10 to terminate the SHRP and permit the amygdala to become active with exposure to predator odor [25]. The SHRP is observed at multiple levels of the HPA-axis, including blunted pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion, decreased sensitivity to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and an adrenal gland hyporesponsive to circulating ACTH levels [26]. Thus, the stress hormone corticosterone plays two roles in defining the neurodevelopment of threat response: 1) gradual increases in endogenous corticosterone reach a critical threshold and 2) an acute threat (shock or predator odor) will produce an immediate increase in stimulus-evoked corticosterone.…”

Section: Ontogeny Of Innate Fear Expression: Modulation By Corticostementioning

confidence: 99%

From attachment to independence: stress hormone control of ecologically relevant emergence of infants’ responses to threat

Santiago

Aoki

Sullivan

2017

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

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Young infant rat pups learn to approach cues associated with pain rather than learning amygdala-dependent fear. This approach response is considered caregiver-seeking and ecologically relevant within the context of attachment. With maturation, increases in the stress hormone corticosterone permit amygdala-dependent fear, which is crucial for survival during independent living. During the developmental transition from attachment to fear learning, maternal presence suppresses corticosterone elevation to block amygdala-dependent fear learning and re-engage the attachment circuitry. Early life trauma disrupts this developmental sequence by triggering a precocious increase of corticosterone, which permits amygdala-dependent threat responses. In this review, we explore the importance of the stress hormone corticosterone in infants’ transition from complete dependence on the caregiver to independence, with consideration for environmental influences on threat response ontogeny and mechanistic importance of social buffering of the stress response.

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Early Life Stress: Nature and Nurture

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

The Developmental Origins of Opioid Use Disorder and Its Comorbidities

The Developmental Origins of Opioid Use Disorder and Its Comorbidities

For Whom the Clock Ticks: Clinical Chronobiology for Infectious Diseases

From attachment to independence: stress hormone control of ecologically relevant emergence of infants’ responses to threat

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