Early Immunocastration of Pigs: From Farming to Meat Quality

Werner, Daniela; Baldinger, Lisa; Bussemas, Ralf; Büttner, Sinje; Weißmann, Friedrich; Ciulu, Marco; Mörlein, Johanna; Mörlein, Daniel

doi:10.3390/ani11020298

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Leptin was found to directly inhibit lipid synthesis, activate lipolysis, and reduce levels of low-density lipoprotein receptors. Immunocastration of boars is usually performed during the fattening phase of pigs, which is sometimes uneconomical for pig fatteners (38). Herein, a slight increase in fat thickness was noted (data and own observations by M. Małopolska; unpublished).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Effect of immunocastration using Improvac on the regulation of adiponectin and leptin in the testes of Landrace boars

KOTULA-BALAK¹,

Pawlicki²,

GAŁUSZKA³

et al. 2022

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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Immunological castration of male pigs is an attractive alternative to surgical castration used in many countries to reduce the production of the main androgen, androstenone, and skatole, responsible for meat taint. To understand the effect of gonadoliberin (GnRH) vaccination with Improvac on the functional status of Landrace pig testes at the molecular level the role of adipokines was studied. Using western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we explored adipokine and leptin signaling and evaluated cholesterol concentrations. In control testis, adiponectin and its receptors were localized to interstitial Leydig cells and spermatogenic cells (especially adiponectin and its receptor 2) while in immunocastrates spermatogenic cells were negative. In control, leptin was exhibited by spermatids and Leydig cells while its receptor only by the later cells. In immunocastrates, leptin immunosignal was not found in spermatogenic cells. In addition, for all studied proteins, the immunosignal was of moderate or weak intensity when compared to the control. Concomitantly, decreased expression of all proteins (p<0.5) was detected. Similarly, in immunocastrates, cholesterol concentrations were increased (p<0.01). In summary, we showed for the first time the coincidence of disturbed adiponectin signaling and leptin signaling together with increased cholesterol concentration and attenuated spermatogenesis as a result of halted androstenone production. Altered GnRH signaling affects the adipokine system in testes of Landrace castrates which may impact further functional changes leading to complete spermatogenesis alteration, as well as lipid homeostasis and fattening perturbances

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Effect of immunocastration using Improvac on the regulation of adiponectin and leptin in the testes of Landrace boars

KOTULA-BALAK¹,

Pawlicki²,

GAŁUSZKA³

et al. 2022

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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“…Licensed for use in boars since 2009, this vaccine has been recently authorized in Europe to also be employed in sows, for sexual behavior control (standing estrus) [40]. The standard immunization protocol involves two subcutaneous injections of the vaccine at least 4 weeks apart, with the second immunization administered four to 6 weeks before slaughter [43]; this time interval ensures effective boar taint reduction. Reduction of aggressive and sexual (mounting or standing estrus) behaviors should be expected one or 2 weeks post second vaccination [40].…”

Section: Principles Of Immunocastrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the need for a third administration, at least 4 weeks after the second in older, culled intact boars has been recommended. Since the vaccination is reversible [44], the standard protocol can be adapted into an early [43,45,46] or long-term [47][48][49][50] protocol to accommodate the particularities of each pork production system and avoid recurrences. Similar to other vaccines, the immunocastration does not have a withdrawal period [40], due to the lack of residues in the meat.…”

Section: Principles Of Immunocastrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocastration as Welfare Improvement in Outdoor Pig Production Systems

Botelho-Fontela,

Paixão,

Payan-Carreira

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine and Science

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Renowned for their high-quality meat from autochthonous breeds like the Iberian and Bísaro pigs, extensive pig farms prioritize animals’ welfare as a crucial factor in maintaining meat quality. In these systems, pig welfare results from the importance of providing abundant space, allowing for the full expression of the species’ behavior, and proper care. Immunocastration is a tool that might positively contribute to enhancing pig welfare and also provide a practical solution for managing male pig reproduction in extensive production systems. Immunocastration eliminates the need for surgical castration, such as avoiding the need for pain control, reducing potential post-surgical complications, and mitigating stress-related issues. Immunocastrated pigs exhibit improved behavior and feed efficiency. The desirable meat quality attributes of entire males are kept, while avoiding the boar taint issues, enhancing consumer acceptance and marketability. Through the application of immunocastration, extensive pig producers can achieve improved production efficiency and profitability while simultaneously addressing animal welfare concerns and meeting consumer preferences. In addition, immunocastration helps minimize the environmental impact of pig farming by decreasing nutrient runoff and waste pollution, promoting sustainable and ethical farming practices. This chapter intends to discuss the contribution of immunocastration to welfare improvement in non-industrial long-cycle extensive pig systems.

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“…Goat meat has a fatty acid profile that is beneficial to consumer health due to the high concentrations of oleic acid, the presence of essential fatty acids, and low concentrations of lauric, myristic, and palmitic acids when compared to the meats of other species. The latest research shows that fatty acids such as lauric, myristic and palmitic increase the concentration of total and LDL cholesterol, as well as promote not only coagulation, but also inflammatory processes and insulin resistance [21].…”

Section: Fig 2 Peglana Sausage Drying Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Value and Fatty Acid Profile of Dry Sausages Traditionally Prepared in Eastern Serbia

Tasić

Pavlović

2023

Current Perspectives in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 4

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In this study, the main goal was to examine traditionally prepared home-made dry fermented sausages known as peglana sausages. The nutritional composition, moisture and profile of fatty acids were analyzed. The analysis dry fermented sausages were traditionally produced in eastern Serbia since the 19th century, and some believe much earlier. These sausages are produced in this way only in the town of Pirot, for which this town is famous, because peglana sausages are a well-known specialty when talking about the uniqueness and quality of food. The reason is the characteristic way of preparation, the special way of drying and their specific taste. The method of preparation involves the use of high-quality raw meat from autochthonous animals from the mountain of the Stara Planina estate, which is in the vicinity of Pirot. During the preparation, the microwave extraction method of fatty acids was used in parallel, and the results obtained were compared with the results obtained by conventional preparation. Sausages are characterized as products with low moisture content and high protein content. The amount of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated acids as the ration of the total fatty acids was 53.6%, 34.35% and 12.03% respectively. Fatty acids were determined in the form of methyl esters of fatty acids after extraction and esterification of fats based on calibration curves of 37 different acids and by measuring the ratio of peak area, standard peak area and internal standard area. The main essential fatty acids present in dry peglana sausage are palmitic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid. Using the mean values obtained for the composition of fatty acids, health indices were calculated and a low value of atherogenic index (AI) was obtained. Gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC/FID) was used to quantify the fatty acid profile.

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Early Immunocastration of Pigs: From Farming to Meat Quality

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of immunocastration using Improvac on the regulation of adiponectin and leptin in the testes of Landrace boars

Effect of immunocastration using Improvac on the regulation of adiponectin and leptin in the testes of Landrace boars

Immunocastration as Welfare Improvement in Outdoor Pig Production Systems

Nutritional Value and Fatty Acid Profile of Dry Sausages Traditionally Prepared in Eastern Serbia

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