Early Diagnosis and Targeted Treatment Strategy for Improved Therapeutic Outcomes in Alzheimer’s Disease

Guest, Francesca L.; Rahmoune, Hassan; Guest, Paul C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-42667-5_8

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The clinical onset of AD neurodegeneration usually starts with patients having difficulty remembering places, words, or names that they used to know [70]. Likewise, they have problems with learning new things or concepts and maintaining focus on a specific chore [71]. As neurodegeneration progresses, the symptoms worsen, and patients may not recognize familiar faces, places, or objects, recent activities, or known concepts, leading to behavioral changes [72,73].…”

Section: Alzheimer's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Gut–Brain Axis as a Pathological and Therapeutic Target for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Toledo

Monroy

Salazar

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Human lifestyle and dietary behaviors contribute to disease onset and progression. Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), considered multifactorial disorders, have been associated with changes in the gut microbiome. NDDs display pathologies that alter brain functions with a tendency to worsen over time. NDDs are a worldwide health problem; in the US alone, 12 million Americans will suffer from NDDs by 2030. While etiology may vary, the gut microbiome serves as a key element underlying NDD development and prognosis. In particular, an inflammation-associated microbiome plagues NDDs. Conversely, sequestration of this inflammatory microbiome by a correction in the dysbiotic state of the gut may render therapeutic effects on NDDs. To this end, treatment with short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, the main metabolites responsible for maintaining gut homeostasis, ameliorates the inflammatory microbiome. This intimate pathological link between the gut and NDDs suggests that the gut-brain axis (GBA) acts as an underexplored area for developing therapies for NDDs. Traditionally, the classification of NDDs depends on their clinical presentation, mostly manifesting as extrapyramidal and pyramidal movement disorders, with neuropathological evaluation at autopsy as the gold standard for diagnosis. In this review, we highlight the evolving notion that GBA stands as an equally sensitive pathological marker of NDDs, particularly in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and chronic stroke. Additionally, GBA represents a potent therapeutic target for treating NDDs.

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Section: Alzheimer's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Gut–Brain Axis as a Pathological and Therapeutic Target for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Toledo

Monroy

Salazar

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Since there were no curable therapies for AD, improving the clinical symptoms and effectively controlling the risk factors were the main strategies for treatment of this disease [18]. Electroacupuncture therapy, based on the basic theories of Chinese medicine and widely used in clinic not only in China but also worldwide, has been proved the improving effects of cognition for AD patients in clinics [19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroacupuncture could balance the gut microbiota and improve the learning and memory abilities of Alzheimer’s disease animal model

et al. 2021

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as one of most common dementia, mainly affects older people from the worldwide. In this study, we intended to explore the possible mechanism of improving cognitive function and protecting the neuron effect by electroacupuncture. Method: We applied senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice as AD animal model, used Morris water maze, HE staining, 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing of gut microbiota and ELISA to demonstrate our hypothesis. Results: electroacupuncture improved the learning and memory abilities in SAMP8 mice (P<0.05) and could protect the frontal lobe cortex and hippocampus of SAMP8 mice; electroacupuncture significantly decreased the expression of IL-1β (P<0.01), IL-6 (P<0.01) and TNF-α (P<0.01 in hippocampus, P<0.05 in serum) in serum and hippocampus; electroacupuncture balanced the quantity and composition of gut microbiome, especially of the relative abundance in Delta-proteobacteria (P<0.05) and Epsilon-proteobacteria (P<0.05). Conclusion: electroacupuncture treatment could inhibit the peripheral and central nerve system inflammatory response by balancing the gut microbiota.

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“…Therefore, early diagnosis of AD and the intervention targeting initial events of AD will bene t the prognosis and effectively improve the quality of life. At present, AD diagnosis mainly relies on MMSE score, 18 FDG-PET, CT or MRI, and the identi cation of T-tau, p-tau, Aβ42 and other biomarkers in cerebrospinal uid [7,21,22]. However, they still have shortcomings such as high cost, lack of speci city, or invasive detection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PTAFR Exaggerates Microglia-Mediated Microenvironment via IL10-STAT3 Signaling: A Novel Perspective on Potential Biomarker and Target for AD Diagnosis and Treatment

Liu¹,

Jiao²,

Zhong³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Early diagnosis and effective intervention become the key points for delaying Alzheimer’s progression. Therefore, we aim to find new biomarkers for early diagnosis of Alzheimer (AD) by bioinformatics, and to reveal the possible mechanisms. Methods and results: GSE1297, GSE63063, and GSE110226 in the GEO database were used to screen out the differentially highly expressed genes. We found out a potential biomarker PTAFR differentially highly expressed in the brain tissue, peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients. Furthermore, we found higher PTAFR level in the plasma and brain tissues of APP/PS1 mice. Simultaneously, it was uncovered that PTAFR mediated the inflammatory response to exaggerate microenvironment specially mediated by microglia through the IL10-STAT3 pathway. In addition, we also found PTAFR was a possible target for some anti-AD compounds such as EGCG, donepezil, curcumin, memantine, and Huperzine A.Conclusions: PTAFR was a potential biomarker for early AD diagnosis and treatment correlated with microglia-mediated microenvironment, and an important possible target to make novel strategy for clinical treatment and new drug discovery in AD.

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Early Diagnosis and Targeted Treatment Strategy for Improved Therapeutic Outcomes in Alzheimer’s Disease

Cited by 27 publications

References 96 publications

Gut–Brain Axis as a Pathological and Therapeutic Target for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Gut–Brain Axis as a Pathological and Therapeutic Target for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Electroacupuncture could balance the gut microbiota and improve the learning and memory abilities of Alzheimer’s disease animal model

PTAFR Exaggerates Microglia-Mediated Microenvironment via IL10-STAT3 Signaling: A Novel Perspective on Potential Biomarker and Target for AD Diagnosis and Treatment

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