Early Cretaceous palynostratigraphy of the Abu Tunis 1x borehole, northern Western Desert, Egypt, with emphasis on the possible palaeoclimatic effect upon the range of<i>Dicheiropollis etruscus</i>in North Africa

Deaf, Amr S.; Harding, Ian C.; Marshall, J.

doi:10.1080/01916122.2014.993480

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A summary of the stratigraphy, description of the formation lithologies of the sedimentary sequences of the north Western Desert of Egypt and the depositional environment of the Cretaceous sequences is shown in Figure 4. Detailed age dating and recognition of the originally undifferentiated rock units, which were deemed as "No Information" by the drilling company WEPCO (1968), were handled by Deaf et al (2014Deaf et al ( , 2016.…”

Section: Figure 2 About Herementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further assessment of possible caving and/or lithological mixing was done by investigating the vertical distribution of the index palynomorph taxa. For details of the quantitative distribution of these palynomorphs, see Deaf et al (2014Deaf et al ( , 2016.…”

Section: Qualitative Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data in Table 1 are based on the ecological/palaeoenvironmental interpretations of spore and pollen taxa of Mesozoic, and specifically Cretaceous and Jurassic age from published literature (e.g., Balme, 1995;Schrank and Mahmoud, 1998;Doyle, 1999;Schrank, 2001;Abbink et al, 2004;Deaf et al, 2016). The most conspicuous climate indicators are the…”

Section: Table 1 About Herementioning

confidence: 99%

“…High abundances of Ephedripites pollen have thus been taken to indicate hot and dry conditions (e.g., Doyle et al, 1982;Doyle, 1999). Trevisan (1972) suggested a cheirolepidiacean conifer affinity for Dicheiropollis etruscus, a pollen grain similar to the thermophilous Classopollis, and it was therefore suggested that the parent plant of the former was adapted to warm arid conditions (Deaf et al, 2016). In this context, fluctuations in the abundances of these xerophytic genera can be used to infer temperature changes in the Early Cretaceous.…”

Section: Table 1 About Herementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Cretaceous climatic conditions in the western part of the Northern Gondwana Phytogeographic Province have been investigated by several authors (e.g., Doyle et al, 1982;Herngreen et al, 1996;Doyle, 1999;Méon, 2001, 2006), those of northeastern Gondwana (including Egypt) have received less attention. Palynological studies of the latter area have examined regional climate and/or ecologically-controlled regional bioevents (e.g., Abdel-Kireem et al, 1996;Schrank, 2001;Deaf et al, 2014Deaf et al, , 2016Deaf and Tahoun, 2018) but the picture is very much incomplete. To further our understanding we firstly link the sedimentary succession in the Abu Tunis 1X well from the coastal Matruh Basin in the northern part of Egypt's Western Desert to the Tethyan Cretaceous sea level curve.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cretaceous (Hauterivian–Cenomanian) palaeoceanographic conditions in southeastern Tethys (Matruh Basin, Egypt): Implications for the Cretaceous climate of northeastern Gondwana

Deaf

Harding

Marshall

2020

Cretaceous Research

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Quantitative palynological, sedimentological, and geophysical data analyses of the Cretaceous Abu Tunis 1X well from the Matruh Basin, northwestern Egypt indicate deposition of four major alternating regressive-transgressive successions. Sedimentation was largely affected by the Tethyan 2nd order sea level changes, with minor overprints by regional tectonics. The Lower Cretaceous part of the succession shows regressive sequences of deltafront to delta-top (upper Hauterivian-lowermost upper Barremian), delta channel (upper Aptian-middle Albian), and distal deltaic (upper Albian) settings that were interrupted by transgressive inner-proximal middle shelf deposits (uppermost Barremian-middle Aptian). These sediment packages correspond to Tethyan sea level fall from the late Hauterivian to late Barremian, and to the early-middle Aptian long-term sea level high stand. The Tethyan late Aptian-middle Albian long-term (2nd order) sea level rise was masked by regional late Aptian-Albian uplift, which affected deposition of the later regressive sequence. The Cenomanian shows a change in depositional setting from a proximal inner shelf (lower Cenomanian) to a middle shelf setting (middle-upper Cenomanian), corresponding to the Tethyan long-term latest early-late Cenomanian sea level rise. We demonstrate that northeastern Gondwana (Egypt) experienced different climatic conditions from other parts of the Northern Gondwana Phytogeographic Province. The climate in Egypt shifted from less warm and more humid conditions of the Hauterivian-early Barremian to a warmer and drier climate during the late Barremian-middle Aptian, although never becoming as dry as western Northern Gondwana. Warmer and more humid conditions were reestablished during the late Aptian and became even more accentuated during the Albian-Cenomanian, in contrast to the warm and much drier climate of Northern Gondwana at that time. Turonian climatic conditions may have been less humid as a result of the breakup of the 2 Western Gondwanan supercontinent and the northeasterly drift of the African continent. The climatic conditions experienced in northeastern Gondwana developed through the early-mid Cretaceous as a result of changes in palaeolatitudinal position, variations in sea level, and shifts in the Intertropical Convergence Zone, which drove fluctuations between periods of warm humid and warm dry conditions.

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Section: Figure 2 About Herementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Qualitative Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Table 1 About Herementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Table 1 About Herementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cretaceous (Hauterivian–Cenomanian) palaeoceanographic conditions in southeastern Tethys (Matruh Basin, Egypt): Implications for the Cretaceous climate of northeastern Gondwana

Deaf

Harding

Marshall

2020

Cretaceous Research

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Early Cretaceous (Aptian to Albian) vegetation and climate change in Central Africa: Novel palynological evidence from the Doseo Basin

Dou,

Zhang,

Xiao

et al. 2023

Geological Journal

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With the break‐up of the continents of Africa and South America and the gradual opening of the Atlantic Ocean in the late Aptian to early Albian, the global palaeoclimate and palaeogeographical patterns changed greatly. Whether and when a humid belt prevailed in the palaeoequator region during this period has been argued for a long time. The Doseo Basin, located in the Central African Rift system, is important for understanding the palaeoclimate of Central Africa during the Early Cretaceous. Here, a systematic palynological analysis of boreholes K‐1 and KE‐101 in the Doseo Basin was conducted to reconstruct the vegetation and climate change during the middle Aptian to early Albian in Central Africa. Relatively abundant fossil palynomorphs were obtained, and 76 species belonging to 67 genera were identified. Gymnosperms were found to be dominant in the palynoassemblage of boreholes K‐1 and KE‐101, and Classopollis was the most abundant in this group. Among fern spores, the ribbed spores accounted for a high proportion. Additionally, a small amount of angiosperm pollen grains was also found. Based on the characteristics of the palynomorphs, two assemblages were identified, probably spanning from middle Aptian–early Albian. The characteristics of the spore and pollen fossils, especially the decrease of Classopollis in boreholes K‐1 and KE‐101, suggest an obvious change in climate, from relatively arid to humid during the late Aptian to early Albian (within the interval 2215–2220 m of borehole K‐1). The climate change reflected by the palynological spectra in the Doseo Basin from dry to wet is consistent with that of the results from South America. This study further proves that the climate near the equator in the southern hemisphere began to change from the earlier relative drought to humid conditions with the gradual opening of the Atlantic Ocean during late Aptian to early Albian, and a humid climate zone was distributed from east to west in the equatorial region of the southern hemisphere.

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Modified RGB-based kerogen maturation index (KMI): Correlation and calibration with classical thermal maturity indices

Tahoun

Deaf

Gentzis

et al. 2018

International Journal of Coal Geology

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Early Cretaceous palynostratigraphy of the Abu Tunis 1x borehole, northern Western Desert, Egypt, with emphasis on the possible palaeoclimatic effect upon the range ofDicheiropollis etruscusin North Africa

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

Cretaceous (Hauterivian–Cenomanian) palaeoceanographic conditions in southeastern Tethys (Matruh Basin, Egypt): Implications for the Cretaceous climate of northeastern Gondwana

Cretaceous (Hauterivian–Cenomanian) palaeoceanographic conditions in southeastern Tethys (Matruh Basin, Egypt): Implications for the Cretaceous climate of northeastern Gondwana

Early Cretaceous (Aptian to Albian) vegetation and climate change in Central Africa: Novel palynological evidence from the Doseo Basin

Modified RGB-based kerogen maturation index (KMI): Correlation and calibration with classical thermal maturity indices

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