Early childhood undernutrition increases risk of hearing loss in young adulthood in rural Nepal

Emmett, Susan D.; Schmitz, Jane; Karna, Sureswor L; Khatry, Subarna K.; Wu, Lee; LeClerq, Steven C.; Pillion, Joseph P.; West, Keith P.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqx022

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…One study 35 found that iron deficiency at birth was associated with abnormal auditory neural maturation, and another study 36 found that adult β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, and folate intake were associated with lower hearing loss risk. A study in rural Nepal 37 found an association between childhood undernutrition and adult hearing loss. The undernutrition in that study could be compared with what the Greatest Generation experienced as young adults during the Great Depression and may have had similar associations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Hearing Impairment and Changes in Pure-Tone Average Across Generations

Paulsen

Fischer

Pinto

et al. 2021

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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IMPORTANCE Age-adjusted prevalence of hearing impairment (HI) decreased across generations in the 20th century, suggesting that HI is partially preventable. It is not known whether HI incidence differs by generation. OBJECTIVES To examine whether HI incidence and change in pure-tone average (PTA) differ by generation and identify factors underlying these differences. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis cohort study used data from the Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study (EHLS) and Beaver Dam Offspring Study (BOSS), a pair of studies of adults in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin. Baseline examinations occurred from 1993 to 1995 in the EHLS and 2005 to 2008 in BOSS, with two 5-year follow-up examinations in each cohort. This longitudinal cohort study assessed 3651 participants without HI at baseline who had follow-up data. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was incident HI measured by pure-tone audiometry, defined as PTA greater than 25-dB hearing level (dB HL) in either ear. Associations of 5-year incidence were estimated by relative risks (RRs) and 10-year cumulative incidence with generation, as categorized by commonly used sociodemographic descriptors of year of birth, by hazard ratios (HRs). The 10-year change in PTA was investigated using a generation × time interaction term in generalized estimating equation models.RESULTS Among the 3651 participants (mean [SD] age at baseline 53.1 [10.6] years; 2255 [61.8%] female; and 3567 [97.7%] non-Hispanic White), the 5-year HI incidence was 14.1% (95% CI, 13.0%-15.3%) and the 10-year cumulative incidence was 26.0% (95% CI, 24.6%-27.6%). The incidence increased with age. The risk of 5-year incident HI decreased by generation (RR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66-0.97) when adjusting for multiple covariates. The decreased risk was similar in the 10-year period (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.73-1.01). The PTA change rate (per 5 years of follow-up) decreased by generation, with the Greatest Generation (born 1901-1924) experiencing the highest rate (7.03 dB HL). The rates were all significantly lower for the other generations (Silent Generation [born 1925-1945 Baby Boom Generation [born 1946-1964 and Generation X [born 1965-1984], 2.33 dB HL).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study suggests that the risk of HI and rate of PTA change is lower for the Silent Generation and Baby Boom Generation compared with the Greatest Generation. Part of this lower risk is likely associated with changes in modifiable factors. A potential continued benefit may exist for Generation X. Combined with the reduced risk of HI for the Silent Generation and Baby Boom Generation, this finding implies that the future HI burden may be lower than current estimates suggest.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Hearing Impairment and Changes in Pure-Tone Average Across Generations

Paulsen

Fischer

Pinto

et al. 2021

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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“…Ability is usually thought to be relatively characteristics or trait. These traits are usually thought of as being either genetically determined or developed through the relatively automatics process in growth and maturation, and they are not easily modifiable by practice or experience, of course, can easily modify by practice or experience Thus, abilities are underlying capabilities that support certain skill (Emmett et al, 2018). Learning motor skills prioritizes the muscle movements, veins, and joints in the body, but help is needed through sensory devices and cognitive processing that involves knowledge and understanding.…”

Section: Gross and Fine Motor Skills Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Nutritional Status on Gross and Fine Motor Skills Development in Early Childhood

Zulkarnaen¹

2019

ASS

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This study examines the effect of nutritional status on the gross and fine motor skills development in early childhood. The data were selected randomly using simple random sampling at the Posyandu in East Praya sub-district, Central Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The samples were collected 127 children aged 24 to 36 months and their parents as respondents. The regression results showed that nutritional status had positive and significant effect on gross and fine motor skills development of children (adjusted R2 41.8%). The relationship nutritional status with gross and fine motor skills has the correlation value, 0.650 and moderate relationship level. Increasing the nutritional status greatly helps develop gross and fine motor skills development in children during their golden age.

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“…Recent research showed an association between iodine deficiency and hearing loss [1,3]. Although the role of thyroid hormone in auditory development is fairly well established in congenital hypothyroidism and thyroid hormone resistance syndromes, little is known about iodine deficiency in relation to auditory function Population questionnaire studies did not resolve this problem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…John Hopkin's researchers studied 2200 children in Nepal, who were undernourished during their preschool years. They found that those who were undernourished in their preschool years were about twice as likely to have hearing loss 16 years later than those who were better nourished as young children [3]. Previous studies have linked deficiencies of micronutrients, including vitamin A and zinc to hearing impairment [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and Hearing Loss

Naafs¹

2018

GJO

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Early childhood undernutrition increases risk of hearing loss in young adulthood in rural Nepal

Abstract: Early childhood undernutrition is a modifiable risk factor for early adulthood hearing loss.

Cited by 15 publications

References 45 publications

Incidence of Hearing Impairment and Changes in Pure-Tone Average Across Generations

Incidence of Hearing Impairment and Changes in Pure-Tone Average Across Generations

The Influence of Nutritional Status on Gross and Fine Motor Skills Development in Early Childhood

Nutrition and Hearing Loss

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