Ear, Nose, and Throat Infections

Johnson, Matthew M.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-3429-2.00006-7

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 250 publications

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“…Invasive fungal infection needs to be reported as soon as possible, as urgent management is required in order to prevent spread to the nearby brain. 7 A similar figure of 9.2% of the non-neoplastic masses has been reported by Kumariet al 8 Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis (n=1, 6.4% of all non-neoplastic lesions) was the next frequent non-neoplastic lesion encountered (Figure -2), represented by a single case having nasal obstruction with no response to local medication. On examination there was a firm mass in the left nasal cavity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Squamous cell carcinoma has been reported as the most common malignant tumor in different studies. 1,2,7,13,14 whereas it is not encountered in this study; the probable reasons being firstly, this study included 155 patients whereas in other published studies the patient number was in excess of two hundred, secondly, all the patients in this study were Muslims who have to clean their nasal cavity with water at least five times a day before each mandatory salah (prayers).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Polypoid Nasal Masses;

Khan¹,

Asghar²,

Ishaq³

et al. 2017

TPMJ

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Objectives: The purpose of this study is firstly to signify the occurrence ofunusual nasal polypoid masses by analyzing their histopathological spectrum and to be on thelookout for them. Secondly to highlight the fact that nasal polypoid masses should not be takenlightly as they may be representing an underlying grave pathological process meriting urgentmedical advice. Study Design: Retrospective/observational study. Setting: Charsada TeachingHospital affiliated with Jinnah Medical College Peshawar. Period: March 2010 to March 2015.Methods: In this study, all the surgical pathology cases with clinical diagnosis of nasal polypswith no suspicion for malignancy were retrieved from archives of Charsada Teaching Hospitalaffiliated with Jinnah Medical College Peshawar. The slides and diagnoses of all the retrievedcases were reviewed. The number of cases for each diagnostic category were recorded andanalyzed according to the non-neoplastic, neoplastic and their subcategories. Results: Thereview of cases from March 2010- March 2015 showed that most of the polypoid masses werenon-neoplastic, while only few were neoplastic. Of all the non-neoplastic masses, inflammatory/allergic polyps were much more common followed bypolyps with fungal infections andeosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis. Amongst the neoplastic masses, benign tumors were morecommon than the malignant. The benign masses comprised of hemangioma, angiofibroma,inverted papilloma and schwannoma. The malignant nasal masses constituted one case eachof polypoid extraskeletal Ewings sacoma, plasmacytoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and renalcell carcinoma. Conclusions: Awareness about the occurrence of the usual and unusualentities in the nasal cavities needs to be increased. Important diagnostic categories requiringurgent management include polyps with invasive fungal infection, inverted papilloma and allmalignant cases. Therefore, all unilateral nasal cavity masses with frequent epistaxis, pain orbone erosions should be submitted for histopathological examination.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Polypoid Nasal Masses;

Khan¹,

Asghar²,

Ishaq³

et al. 2017

TPMJ

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“…Recurrent infection results in CT, where tonsillar hypertrophy leads to respiratory obstruction [5]. In the present study, the most frequent bacteria were S. aureus and S. oralis (Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…The most commonly isolated bacteria belong to the genera Streptococcus, Neisseria, Haemophilus, Moraxella, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium, Prevotella, and Porphyromonas [1][2][3]. Among them, the most common causes of infections are: Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Staphylococcus aureus [3][4][5][6][7]. The imbalance in the URT microbiota is associated with the increase in the number of invasive pathogenic bacteria, leading to inflammation and infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Tonsil Tissues from Patients Diagnosed with Chronic Tonsillitis—Microbiological Profile, Biofilm-Forming Capacity and Histology

et al. 2022

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Chronic tonsillitis (CT) is a global health issue which can impair patient’s quality of life and has an important socioeconomic impact due to the nonrational use of antibiotics, increased antimicrobial resistance and frequent need for surgical treatment. In order to isolate and identify the causing agents of CT, a total of 79 postoperative palatine and adenoid tissue samples were obtained from the ENT Clinic, KBC Zvezdara, Belgrade, Serbia. Culture identification was performed by MALDI-TOF MS and the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were tested for biofilm forming capability and antibiotic susceptibility. Additionally, a histological examination of palatine and adenoid tissue was performed in order to detect the presence of CT-causing bacteria. The slight majority of participants were females with median age of 28 years for adult patients (group I) and 6 years for children (group II). Analysis of the incidence of bacteria isolated from tissue samples in both groups showed the highest prevalence of S. aureus, Streptococcus oralis and Streptococcus parasanquinis. In addition to interfollicular hyperplasia, colonies of species S. aureus were detected in histological material. The presence of biofilm might be the reason for the recurrence of infection. Therefore, searching for a new treatment of CT is of great importance.

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“…Strains of C. ulcerans that produce diphtheria toxin are capable of forming pseudomembranes composed mainly of cell debris and fibrin on the mucosa of the human throat [ 16 ]. The Splendore-Hoeppli material is composed of tissue debris, fibrin and immunoglobulin [ 4 , 5 ], and we demonstrated the presence of fibrin and immunoglobulins in the material. The intense cytotoxic effect of diphtheria toxin may be associated with the formation of abundant Splendore-Hoeppli material.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Eosinophilic Granuloma with Splendore-Hoeppli Material Caused by Toxigenic <i>Corynebacterium ulcerans</i> in a Heifer

Murakami¹,

Hata

Hatama

et al. 2014

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Raised lesions were present on the left nasal vestibule of a 20-month-old Japanese Brown heifer. The largest mass which caused partial nasal obstruction was removed surgically. Corynebacterium ulcerans was identified in the mass. 16S ribosomal RNA and RNA polymerase beta subunit genes were 100% and 98% identical to other C. ulcerans strains. Histologically, multiple foci of eosinophilic granuloma with Splendore-Hoeppli material were seen. Rod-shaped Gram-positive organisms were detected with metachromatic granules, producing diphtheria toxin with 5, 30 and 48 amino acid differences to another C. ulcerans strain, C. diphtheriae or C. pseudotuberculosis, respectively. The toxin is highly cytotoxic and may be responsible for the formation of abundant Splendore-Hoeppli material. The lesion was therefore judged to be an allergic reaction to bacterial antigens or diphtheria toxin.

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Ear, Nose, and Throat Infections

Cited by 4 publications

References 250 publications

Polypoid Nasal Masses;

Polypoid Nasal Masses;

Analysis of Tonsil Tissues from Patients Diagnosed with Chronic Tonsillitis—Microbiological Profile, Biofilm-Forming Capacity and Histology

Eosinophilic Granuloma with Splendore-Hoeppli Material Caused by Toxigenic <i>Corynebacterium ulcerans</i> in a Heifer

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