Each small antral follicle in ovaries of women with polycystic ovary syndrome produces more antimüllerian hormone than its counterpart in a normal ovary: an observational cross-sectional study

Bhide, Priya; Dilgil, Merve; Gudi, Anil; Shah, Amit; Akwaa, Charity; Homburg, Roy

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.10.033

Cited by 64 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Previous reports showed that AMH functions as an inhibitory growth factor in the ovary during early stages of folliculogenesis (Durlinger et al 2002) and increases primordial follicle population (Kevenaar et al 2006), which corroborates our findings of primordial follicle pool and follicular atresia in MSG rats. Intriguingly, an increase in AMH production specifically by antral follicles was also observed in PCOS women (Bhide et al 2015). Thus, these data suggest a synergic role for hyperinsulinemia and AMH overproduction in the pathogenesis of impaired follicle development along with augmented follicular atresia and cysts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Reproductive alterations in hyperinsulinemic but normoandrogenic MSG obese female rats

Gaspar¹,

Benevides²,

Fontelles³

et al. 2016

Journal of Endocrinology

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Obesity and metabolic syndrome are the common causes of reproductive and fertility disorders in women. In particular, polycystic ovary syndrome, which is clinically characterized by hyperandrogenism, oligo/anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology, has been increasingly associated with metabolic disorders. However, given the broad interplay between metabolic and reproductive functions, this remains a field of intense research. In this study, we investigated the effect of monosodium l-glutamate (MSG)-induced obesity on reproductive biology of female rats. Newborn female rats were subcutaneously injected with MSG (4 g/kg/day) or equiosmolar saline (CTR) each 2 days up to postnatal day (pnd) 10. On pnd 60, estrous cycle was evaluated using vaginal smears twice a day for 15 days, which showed MSG rats to be oligocyclic. Thereafter, animals were killed on estrous phase for blood and tissue collection. MSG rats had increased body mass, accumulation of retroperitoneal and visceral fat pads, and visceral adipocyte hypertrophy compared with CTR rats. MSG rats were also dyslipidemic and hyperinsulinemic but were normoglycemic and normoandrogenic. Ovarian morphology analysis showed that MSG rats had a two-fold decrease in oocyte count but a six-fold increase on ovarian follicular cysts, along with a higher number of total primordial and atretic follicles. Moreover, MSG rats had a four-fold increase in anti-Müllerian hormone immunohistochemical staining on antral follicles. Taken together, data presented here characterize MSG obesity as a unique model to study the metabolic pathways underlying reproductive disorders in the absence of overactivated hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Reproductive alterations in hyperinsulinemic but normoandrogenic MSG obese female rats

Gaspar¹,

Benevides²,

Fontelles³

et al. 2016

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…The AMH and LH levels are positively correlated [23]. High levels of circulating LH, androgens, and insulin are often evident in PCOS patients and contribute to the observed symptoms [24]. Serum AMH and LH levels are positively correlated [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serum AMH and LH levels are positively correlated [25]. LH may be the driving force behind an increase in AMH production, possibly via enhanced androgen synthesis [24]. The serum AMH level is also positively correlated with the serum androgen levels in PCOS patients [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do the Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels of Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Those Who Are at Risk for Developing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and Those Who Exhibit Isolated Oligomenorrhea Differ from Those of Adolescents with Normal Menstrual Cycles?

Savaş‐Erdeve

Keskin²,

Sağsak³

et al. 2016

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background/Aims: We aimed to investigate whether the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), PCOS risk, and isolated oligomenorrhea (OM) were different than in adolescents with a normal/regular menstrual cycle (NMC). Methods: The diagnosis of PCOS was based on the 2012 Amsterdam [European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology/American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ESHRE/ASRM)] criteria. The PCOS group consisted of cases meeting 3 diagnostic criteria (n = 21), and the PCOS risk group was the ‘at risk' group meeting 2 diagnostic criteria (n = 20). Cases with isolated OM that did not satisfy other PCOS diagnostic criteria made up the OM group (n = 21). Thirty adolescent girls with NMCs (21-45 days) were recruited in this study. Results: The AMH levels in the PCOS group were similar to those in the PCOS risk group but significantly higher than those in the OM and NMC groups. The AMH levels in the PCOS risk group were similar to those in the OM group and significantly higher than those in the NMC group. They were also significantly higher in the OM group compared to the NMC group. The specificity for PCOS and PCOS risk with a cutoff value of 7.25 ng/ml for AMH was 72.5% and the sensitivity was 58%. Conclusion: An AMH cutoff value of 7.25 ng/ml can be used for the diagnosis of PCOS in the adolescent period.

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“…AMH levels vary by age (6–8) and may be associated with reproductive history (including age at menarche, parity and oral contraceptive use) (7, 9, 10), ethnicity (11), socioeconomic status (10) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (12). Epidemiologic and clinical studies suggest that reproductive health, as measured by AMH, may also be impacted by other environmental exposures, such as radiation and smoking (13, 14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimüllerian hormone in relation to tobacco and marijuana use and sources of indoor heating/cooking

White

Sandler

D’Aloisio

et al. 2016

Fertility and Sterility

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Objective To evaluate exposure to tobacco, marijuana and indoor heating/cooking sources in relation to anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels. Design Cross-sectional analysis in a sample of premenopausal women (N=913) enrolled in the Sister Study cohort (n=50,884). Setting U.S. adult sample Patient(s) Women, 35–54 at time of enrollment, with an archived serum sample, at least 1 intact ovary, and classified as premenopausal. Intervention(s) Not applicable Main Outcome Measures Serum AMH (ng/ml) levels ascertained by ultrasensitive ELISA assay Results Lower AMH levels were associated with sources of indoor heating, including burning wood (−36.0%, 95%CI:−55.7, −7.8%) or artificial firelogs (−45.8%, 95%CI:−67.2, −10.4) at least 10 times/year in a residential indoor stove/fireplace. Lower AMH levels were also observed in women who were current smokers of ≥20 cigarettes/day relative to non-smokers (−56.2%, 95%CI:−80.3, −2.8%) and in women with 10+ years of adult environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure (−31.3%, 95%CI:−51.3, −3.1%) but no associations were observed for marijuana use. Conclusions We confirmed previously reported findings of lower AMH levels in current heavy smokers and also found associations for long-term ETS exposure and indoor burning of wood or artificial firelogs. These findings suggest that combustion by-products from common exposures can have toxic effects on the human ovary.

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Each small antral follicle in ovaries of women with polycystic ovary syndrome produces more antimüllerian hormone than its counterpart in a normal ovary: an observational cross-sectional study

Cited by 64 publications

References 19 publications

Reproductive alterations in hyperinsulinemic but normoandrogenic MSG obese female rats

Reproductive alterations in hyperinsulinemic but normoandrogenic MSG obese female rats

Do the Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels of Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Those Who Are at Risk for Developing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and Those Who Exhibit Isolated Oligomenorrhea Differ from Those of Adolescents with Normal Menstrual Cycles?

Antimüllerian hormone in relation to tobacco and marijuana use and sources of indoor heating/cooking

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