E-learning : normes et spécifications Caractérisation des documents numériques avec LOM et IMS-QTI pour l'acquisition et l'évaluation des connaissances

Abstract

Autour des standards ouverts de l'internet, il est devenu nécessaire de recourir à des systèmes de description, de codification et de mise en jeu de contenus à caractère pédagogique basés sur des spécifications ouvertes et partagées. Notre propos ici est de présenter une analyse critique des normes en devenir permettant de décrire de manière fine des ressources pédagogiques et des contenus d'évaluation dans un contexte web. Plus spécifiquement, nous étudierons le LOM et IMS-QTI en observant en particulier comment ils permettent ou non de favoriser la personnalisation du document numérique pédagogique et les possibilités d'interaction entre le système et l'apprenant. ABSTRACT. The open standards of the Internet necessitate the use of teaching materials based on open and shared specifications. Our intention here is to present a critical analysis of the standards. More specifically, we will study LOM and IMS-QTI witch are developing and witch permit a precise description of teaching resource and evaluation methods in the context of the Web. We will observe in particular to what extent they allow the personalization of numerical teaching material what the possibilities are for an interaction between the learner and the system.

A learning semantic Web service for generating learning paths

“…Among the specifications [7] concerning the educational content, we can mention IMS Meta Data Specification, IMS Content Packaging Specification, IMS Question & Test Interoperability Specification.…”

IMS-QTI sub-standards in computerised adaptive testing and interfacing

“…An item is a set of digitized interactions (that could be void),, with all the attendant support material, that can be analyzed with a set of rules permitting the conversion of a candidate's answer into evaluation results. Item size could vary from a single question composed of text and one input field to an entire multiple question exam with instructions and multimedia support material (Michel & Rouissi, 2003).…”

“…A brief introduction to E-Learning standards can be found in Michel & Rouissi (2003) and also in Dunand, Fernandes & Spang-Bovey (2006). Learning objectives and their relation to instructional design theory are defined in Wiley (2000).…”