E-Cigarettes are More Addictive than Traditional Cigarettes—A Study in Highly Educated Young People

Jankowski, Mateusz; Krzystanek, Marek; Zejda, Jan; Majek, Paulina; Lubański, Jakub; Lawson, Joshua; Brożek, Grzegorz

doi:10.3390/ijerph16132279

Cited by 107 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The potential problem can be caused also by the definition of e-smoking session. We defined one session of e-cigarette as 15 puffs or approximately 10 min of use, as it has previously been suggested [ 38 ], but it may not have been understood by our respondents. Nonetheless, to the best of our knowledge, this study represents the latest update on the prevalence of past and current HTP use and perceived harmfulness among young adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Frequency of Use and Harm Perception of Heated Tobacco Products (HTPs): The 2019 Cross-Sectional Survey among Medical Students from Poland

Majek

Jankowski

Nowak

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are devices for generating a nicotine aerosol by heating the tobacco sticks. This study aimed to assess (1) the prevalence of HTP and tobacco cigarette usage among medical students, (2) to characterize smoking habits and (3) to assess students’ awareness and opinions about HTPs. A cross-sectional survey on the frequency and attitudes toward cigarettes, e-cigarettes and HTP use was performed between 2019–2020 at the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice (Poland). The data were obtained from 1344 students aged 21.8 ± 1.9 years (response rate: 66.9%). Current traditional tobacco use was 13.2%, e-cigarettes use 3.5%, and HTP use 2.8% of students. Duration of use was shorter among HTPs users comparing to cigarette smokers (p < 0.001) although the number of tobacco sticks used daily was similar (p = 0.1). Almost 30% of respondents have ever tried HTPs. HTPs were considered safe by 5.3% of respondents (43.2% of HTP users vs. 3.9% of non-HTP users, p < 0.001). HTP users were more likely to report that heating tobacco is not addictive (odds ratio (OR) = 8.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.8–45.8) and disagreed with a public ban on HTP use (OR = 4.9, 95%CI: 2.5–9.8). Among students, HTP use was less popular than cigarette smoking, but awareness of their presence is widespread.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Frequency of Use and Harm Perception of Heated Tobacco Products (HTPs): The 2019 Cross-Sectional Survey among Medical Students from Poland

Majek

Jankowski

Nowak

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Such observations highlight the addictive effects of e-cigarettes and suggest the concurrence of other behavioral factors of addiction that are specifically associated with e-smoking, such as a tendency for daily overuse and the use of e-liquids that are highly concentrated in nicotine. 37 In some e-smoking devices, the nicotine boost effect was observed to be greater than with traditional cigarettes due to the rapid inhalation of highly concentrated liquids, which is thought to be one of the major factors with increased dependency. [38][39][40] From a larger preventive public health perspective, the issue of nicotine dependency is principally nourished by concerns about e-smoking becoming a springboard for nicotine addiction among youth.…”

Section: Do E-cigarettes Lower the Risk Of Cancer Compared To Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and Attitudes Among Medical Students Toward the Clinical Usage of e-Cigarettes: A Cross-Sectional Study in a University Hospital in Saudi Arabia

Alzahrani

Alghamdi

Almutairi

et al. 2021

RMHP

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Background: To assess knowledge and attitudes about e-smoking among undergraduate medical students, specifically focused on favorable view of therapeutic e-cigarette use for smoking cessation or harm reduction. Methods: This cross-sectional study included medical students at King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia. A six-item subscale was used to explore knowledge and attitudes about the therapeutic use of e-cigarettes, measuring participants' likelihood of favoring such use. A four-item questionnaire measured confidence and importance of being educated about smoking and e-smoking, in addition to sources of knowledge about e-cigarettes. Results: A total of 399 students participated. Smoking history included current smokers (19.8%) and ex-smokers (6.5%), while e-cigarettes were tried by 36.6% and are currently used by 11.5%. A minority (13.5%) believed that e-cigarettes are FDA-approved for smoking cessation, while approximately one-third believed e-smoking lowers cancer risks (31.1%) and could help with smoking cessation (31.1%). Further, 35.9% agreed or strongly agreed that e-cigarettes are better for patients than tobacco products, and 17.5% were likely to recommend e-smoking to their patients for smoking cessation. Reliability of the six-item scale showed Cronbach's alpha = 0.676, which was enhanced to 0.746 after deletion of one item about addictiveness. Using the corrected five-item scale, 23.6% of the participants would favor therapeutic use of e-cigarettes. Conclusion:We observed several misconceptions about addictiveness and inadequate awareness about e-cigarettes' harmful effects, leading to non-scientific opinions about its therapeutic use for harm reduction or in smoking cessation. Academic programs around this topic should be updated in accordance with majority expert recommendations.

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“…There is broad agreement that e-cigarettes pose less risk than cigarette smoking [2,3], and thus may have potential for harm reduction, but some have expressed concern about their potential to cause or perpetuate nicotine dependence [4]. Studies suggest that e-cigarettes are associated with less dependence than tobacco cigarettes [5,6] (although see [7]). However, these studies were based on unrepresentative samples (eg, recruited via online vaping or smoking cessation forums; college students), and used measures that had not been validated for comparing degree of dependence between e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dependence on e‐cigarettes and cigarettes in a cross‐sectional study of US adults

Shiffman

Sembower²

2020

Addiction

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Background and aims Cigarette smoking often results in nicotine dependence. With use of electronic cigarettes as an alternative source of nicotine, it is important to assess dependence associated with e‐cigarette use. This study assesses dependence among current and former adult e‐cigarette users on cigarettes and e‐cigarettes, compared with dependence on cigarettes. Design Cross‐sectional data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study from 2013–2016. Psychometrically assessed dependence was compared for cigarettes and e‐cigarettes among current and former exclusive and dual users of the products and among e‐cigarette users who had and had not recently stopped smoking. Setting A population‐based representative sample of US adults. Participants Participants were 13 311 US adults (18+) in Waves 1–3 of PATH reporting current established smoking, current use of e‐cigarettes, or stopping use of either product in the past year who were administered dependence assessments for cigarettes and/or e‐cigarettes. Measurements A 16‐item scale assessing tobacco dependence (on a 1–5 scale), previously validated for assessment and comparison of dependence on varied tobacco products, including cigarettes and e‐cigarettes, with a variation assessing residual dependence among users who stopped in the past year. Findings Among current users, dependence on e‐cigarettes was significantly lower than dependence on cigarettes, in within‐subjects comparisons among dual users of both e‐cigarettes and cigarettes (1.58 [SE = 0.05] vs. 2.76 [0.04]), P < 0.0001), and in separate groups of e‐cigarette users and cigarette smokers (1.95 [0.05] vs. 2.52 [0.02], P < 0.0001), and among both daily and non‐daily users of each product. Among former users, residual symptoms were significantly lower for e‐cigarettes than cigarettes, both among former dual users (1.23 [0.07] vs. 1.41 [0.06], P < 0.001) and among users of one product (1.28 [0.03] vs. 1.53 [0.03], P < 0.0001). The highest level of e‐cigarette dependence was among e‐cigarette users who had stopped smoking (2.17 [0.08]). Conclusion Use of e‐cigarettes appears to be consistently associated with lower nicotine dependence than cigarette smoking.

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E-Cigarettes are More Addictive than Traditional Cigarettes—A Study in Highly Educated Young People

Cited by 107 publications

References 37 publications

The Frequency of Use and Harm Perception of Heated Tobacco Products (HTPs): The 2019 Cross-Sectional Survey among Medical Students from Poland

The Frequency of Use and Harm Perception of Heated Tobacco Products (HTPs): The 2019 Cross-Sectional Survey among Medical Students from Poland

Knowledge and Attitudes Among Medical Students Toward the Clinical Usage of e-Cigarettes: A Cross-Sectional Study in a University Hospital in Saudi Arabia

Dependence on e‐cigarettes and cigarettes in a cross‐sectional study of US adults

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