Dystonic reactions following neuroleptics: Time Course and proposed mechanisms

Garver, David L.; Davis, John M.; Dekirmenjian, H.; Ericksen, Stephen; Gosenfeld, Lawrence F.; Haraszti, Joseph

doi:10.1007/bf00735822

Cited by 62 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The study was not undertaken on normal children but there was no biochemical evidence of impairment of renal or hepatic function. The difference between our findings with metoclopramide and those reported with butaperazine may be due to the fact that butaperazine has some anticholinergeric activity (Garver et al, 1978).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Dystonic reactions and the pharmacokinetics of metoclopramide in children.

Bateman¹,

Craft²,

Nicholson³

et al. 1983

Brit J Clinical Pharma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RUThe pharmacokinetics of metoclopramide have been studied in nine children receiving the drug as prophylaxis for cytotoxic induced vomiting. Plasma concentrations of metoclopramide have also been studied in three children with dystonic reactions to the drug. The pharmacokinetics in children were similar to those reported in healthy adults. There was no difference in the plasma concentration of metoclopramide of children with dystonia when compared to those without this adverse effect. Kinetic differences in childhood do not explain the occurrence of dystonia, which in the individual appears to be related to factors other than plasma drug concentrations.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Dystonic reactions and the pharmacokinetics of metoclopramide in children.

Bateman¹,

Craft²,

Nicholson³

et al. 1983

Brit J Clinical Pharma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Approximately 50% occur within 48 h and around 90% within 5 days of starting therapy (Ayd 1961;Swett 1975;Garver et al 1976;Fig. 2).…”

Section: Time Of Onset and Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) Pharmacokinetic considerations may contribute to preo disposing factors in individuals susceptible to neurolepticinduced dystonia. Plasma drug levels do not differentiate between dystonic and non-dystonic patients (Garver et al 1976;Tune and Coyle 1981;Bateman et al 1983). However, measurement of membrane-bound neuroleptic drug concentration in red blood cells in one study of butaperazine revealed increased erythrocytic drug levels in dystonic patients as compared to those in neuroleptic-treated patients not developing dystonic reactions (Garver et al 1976).…”

Section: Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasma drug levels do not differentiate between dystonic and non-dystonic patients (Garver et al 1976;Tune and Coyle 1981;Bateman et al 1983). However, measurement of membrane-bound neuroleptic drug concentration in red blood cells in one study of butaperazine revealed increased erythrocytic drug levels in dystonic patients as compared to those in neuroleptic-treated patients not developing dystonic reactions (Garver et al 1976). Membrane-bound neuroleptic concentrations may more closely reflect the accumulation of drug at critical brain sites, suggesting that high neuroleptic concentrations in brain are a major factor in inducing acute dystonia.…”

Section: Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, as well as causing blockade of post-synaptic dopamine receptors, acute neuroleptic treatment triggers a compensatory increase in cerebral dopamine turnover as evidenced by accumulation of the metabolites homovanillic acid (HVA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) (Anden et al 1970). Examination of the time course for induction of acute dystonia in patients treated with butaperazine revealed that reactions usually occurred 20-28 h after drug treatment, at a time when plasma butaperazine levels had fallen by some 84% of their peak levels (Garver et al 1976 ; Fig. 2).…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Neuroleptic-induced Acute Dystoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Acute dystonia induced by neuroleptic drugs

1986

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

About 2.5% of patients treated with neuroleptic drugs develop acute dystonia within 48 h of commencing therapy. The symptoms remit on drug withdrawal or following anticholinergic therapy. Acute dystonia can also be reliably induced in many primate species by neuroleptic treatment with comparable time course, symptomatology and pharmacological characteristics to those observed in man. In general, New World monkeys appear more susceptible to acute dystonia than Old World primates. It is at present not clear whether all primates, including man, would exhibit dystonia if a sufficiently high dose of neuroleptic was administered. Alternatively, some unknown, possibly species-specific or even genetic, factors may determine an individual's susceptibility to develop dystonia. Use of a rodent model of dystonia might enable more detailed analysis of biochemical correlates of dystonic behaviour. Whilst rodents do not exhibit overt dystonic behaviour after neuroleptic treatment, they may develop oral dyskinesias which bear a close pharmacological similarity to dystonia in man and primates. However, it is not known whether chewing induced by neuroleptic drugs in rats resembles acute dystonia in primates or whether this is another movement disorder possibly unique to rodent species. The pathophysiology of acute dystonia remains unknown, but may involve striatal dopaminergic and cholinergic function. In view of the close similarity between dystonia in man and other primates, studies on the mechanisms whereby neuroleptic drugs cause acute dystonic reactions in monkeys may give some clues to the pathogenesis of spontaneous dystonia in man.

show abstract

Serum Calcium and Magnesium Levels in Schizophrenia

Alexander¹

1979

Arch Gen Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dystonic reactions following neuroleptics: Time Course and proposed mechanisms

Cited by 62 publications

References 3 publications

Dystonic reactions and the pharmacokinetics of metoclopramide in children.

Dystonic reactions and the pharmacokinetics of metoclopramide in children.

Acute dystonia induced by neuroleptic drugs

Serum Calcium and Magnesium Levels in Schizophrenia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About