“…However, most previous studies examined the impact of rather unspecific forms of negative affectivity (e.g., general anxiety levels) on the anticipation and perception of dyspnea. Only recently, studies began to focus on more dyspneaspecific forms of negative affectivity including breathlessness beliefs, fear of suffocation/dyspnea, and dyspnea catastrophizing (Alius et al, 2013;Fischer et al, 2012;Janssens et al, 2011;Keil et al, 2014;K€ uhl, Kuhn, Kenn, & Rief, 2011;Pappens, Smets, Van Den Bergh, & Van Diest, 2012;Sutton, Cooper, Pimm, & Wallace, 1999). These dyspneaspecific forms of negative affectivity have been shown to contribute to several clinical outcomes even after controlling for unspecific general anxiety levels and presumably provide a more specific target for individualized therapeutic interventions (Hayen et al, 2013;von Leupoldt & Janssens, 2016).…”