Dysexecutive Syndrome in Schizophrenia: A Cross‐Cultural Comparison between Japanese and British Patients

Ihara, Hiroshi; Berríos, Germán E.; McKenna, Peter

doi:10.1155/2000/825727

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…While the use of the BADS‐C has not yet been reported in the literature, the adult version of the test has been utilized with a range of patient populations. The BADS therefore appears to be sensitive at detecting executive dysfunction in schizophrenic patients [Cools, Brouwer, de Jong, & Slooff, 2000; Evans, Chua, McKenna, & Wilson, 1997; Ihara, Berrios, & McKenna, 2000, 2003; Katz, Tadmor, Felzen, & Hartman‐Maeir, 2007; Krabbendam, de Vugt, Derix, & Jolles, 1999], drug users [Verdejo‐Garcia & Perez‐Garcia, 2007; Zakzanis & Young, 2001], chronic alcoholics [Moriyama et al, 2002], patients with depression [Paelecke‐Habermann, Pohl, & Leplow, 2005], patients with Parkinson's disease [Kamei et al, 2008] patients with Alzheimer's disease [Amanzio, Geminiani, Leotta, & Cappa, 2008] and patients with traumatic brain injury [Bach, Happé, Fleminger, & David, 2006; Bennett, Ong, & Ponsford, 2005a,b]. Most of the subtests also appear to have good test‐retest reliability [Jelicic, Henquet, Derix, & Jolles, 2001].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairments on “open‐ended” executive function tests in autism

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The executive function (EF) theory of autism has received much support recently from a growing number of studies. However, executive impairments have not always been easy to identify consistently and so novel "ecologically valid" tests have been designed which tap into real-life scenarios that are relevant to and representative of everyday behavior. One characteristic of many of these tasks is that they present the participant with an "ill-structured" or "open-ended" situation. Here, we investigated the possibility that tasks with greater degrees of open-endedness might prove more sensitive to detecting executive impairment in autism. Forty-five children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were compared to 27 age- and IQ-matched control children on a range of cognitive tests of EF. Group differences were found on half of the tasks, with the greatest degree of impairment detected on the more open-ended tasks. The ASD group also performed more poorly on a simple control condition of a task. Detailed consideration of task performance suggested that the ASD group tended to create fewer spontaneous strategies and exhibit more idiosyncratic behavior, which particularly disadvantaged them on the more open-ended tasks. These kinds of behaviors have been reported in studies of neurological patients with frontal lobe involvement, prima facie suggesting a link between the scientific fields. However, we suggest that this behavior might equally result from a poor understanding of the implicit demands made by the experimenter in open-ended test situations, due to the socio-communicative difficulties of these children.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairments on “open‐ended” executive function tests in autism

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We [18] have already reported that both Japanese and British groups of schizophrenic patients showed equally severe impairment on most executive tests including the BADS. In that study 18 Japanese and 22 British patients and 14 Japanese and 19 British control subjects were compared on the BADS and other measures of frontal executive functioning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Bobes et al [5] also found comparable abnormalities of event-related potential N400 in Cuban and Chinese patients. We [18] have already reported that, in spite of major cultural differences, Japanese and British schizophrenic patients do not differ much in terms of their neuropsychological dysexecutive profiles. These studies, however, remain incomplete in that they can only demonstrate resemblance at a single level: symptomatic, neurophysiological or neuropsychological.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The extended battery of neuropsychological tests of executive functioning applied to all patients, including: the Raven Advanced Progressive Matrices [30]; the Verbal Fluency Test (VFT) [25]; the Trail Making Test (TMT) [31]; the Stroop Colour Word Test (SCW) [38]; and the Behavioural Assessment of Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS) [41]. We have given a brief account of the application of these tests to Japanese subjects [18]. A full explanation is unnecessary due to their clinical popularity.…”

Section: Neuropsychological Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Association between Negative and Dysexecutive Syndromes in Schizophrenia: A Cross‐Cultural Study

Ihara

Berríos²,

McKenna³

2003

Behavioural Neurology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper examined the relationship between the ‘negative syndrome’ (NS) and the neuropsychological ‘dysexecutive syndrome’ (DES) in schizophrenia. The study also examined whether any relationship that exists between the NS and the DES holds equally for British and Japanese subjects. We compared 26 Japanese with 17 British schizophrenic patients, divided into ‘mild’ and ‘severe’ NS groups, on the basis of performance on neuropsychological tests, including the ‘Behavioural Assessment of Dysexecutive Syndrome’ (BADS). We found that patients with severe NS showed more everyday executive deficits than those with mild NS. The severity of NS was correlated with executive competence. The association between NS and the BADS performance was closer than that between NS and other conventional executive measures. These findings were not influenced by cultural differences between Japanese and British subjects, and, hence, suggested the existence of culture-neutral neurobehavioural processes.

show abstract

“…The total profile score and profile scores of each subtest in this Japanese version were confirmed to have an identical potential against the original version of the BADS 23. Moreover, Ihara et al reported that the Japanese version was consistent with the original version of the BADS based on comparative data for Japanese and English ExD patients 24. It is therefore possible to classify the standardized score on the BADS into five grades: impaired, borderline, low average, average, high average, and superior, in the same manner as in the traditional IQ test.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%