Dysbiotic gut microbes may contribute to hypertension by limiting vitamin D production

Abstract

Background Accumulating studies have suggested that gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis and vitamin D3 deficiency each play an important role during the progression of hypertension (HTN). However, few studies have characterized the underlying interaction between GM shift and vitamin D3 deficiency in HTN patients. Hypothesis This study aimed to evaluate the possible crosstalk between GM dysbiosis and vitamin D deficiency in the pathogenesis of HTN. Methods In a cohort of 34 HTN patients and 15 healthy controls, we analyzed the fecal microbiota products, GM composition, and the interaction between GM and vitamin D3. Results Vitamin D3 was significantly decreased in feces of HTN patients (P = .006, vs controls) and was correlated with altered GM, including decreased Shannon index (R2 = 0.1296, P = .0111) and Pielou evenness (R2 = 0.1509, P = .0058). Moreover, vitamin D3 positively correlated with HTN‐reduced bacterial genera, including Subdoligranulum (R2 = 0.181, P = .0023), Ruminiclostridium (R2 = 0.1217, P = .014), Intestinimonas (R2 = 0.2036, P = .0011), Pseudoflavonifractor (R2 = 0.1014, P = .0257), Paenibacillus (R2 = 0.089, P = .0373), and Marvinbryantia (R2 = 0.08173, P = .0464). Partial least squares structural equation modeling showed that 27.7% of the total effect of gut microbiome on HTN was mediated by limiting vitamin D production. Finally, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed the predictive capacity of differential gut microbiome signatures and decreased vitamin D3 to distinguish HTN patients (AUC = 0.749, P = .006). Conclusions Our findings suggest that the GM dysbiosis contributing to the development of HTN might be partially mediated by vitamin D3 deficiency. Future studies involving the underlying mechanism and intervention strategies targeting microbiome composition and vitamin D3 to counteract the progression of HTN are warranted.

Short-chain fatty acids accompanying changes in the gut microbiome contribute to the development of hypertension in patients with preeclampsia

“…Analysis of the GM at mainly the phylum and genus levels identified numerous genera belonging to phylum Firmicutes or Actinobacteria that were significantly less abundant in the PE group, whereas the abundance of other genera belonging to phylum Proteobacteria increased significantly in patients with PE. Among the GM genera that showed decreased abundance in patients with PE, Blautia, Eubacterium hallii, Subdoligranulum, and Collinsella were also reported to exhibit decreased relative abundance in patients with hypertension or diabetes [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Therefore, chronic hypertension and gestational diabetes may constitute confounding factors of our results.…”

Non-Systematic Review of Diet and Nutritional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Obesity

“…Polyphenols have a positive effect on the diversity of intestinal microorganisms and their increased supply corrects the unfavorable Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio (F/B ratio) [130]. Vitamins of B and K groups (mainly synthesized by microbiota) affect the synthesis of blood coagulation factors, which also significantly affects the proper functioning of the circulatory system [131]. Vitamin C as the main oxidant and free radical removal factor significantly increases the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and reduces the amount of Escherichia coli in the intestinal environment [132].…”

Shifts in gut microbiome and metabolome are associated with risk of recurrent atrial fibrillation

“…Then, paired-end sequencing was carried out on an Illumina Novaseq 6000 (Illumina, USA), by Novogene Bioinformatics Technology (China), with an insert size of 300 bp and a read length of 150 bp. Metagenomic analyses followed the procedures described by our group [14, 15, 18]. Genes were predicted from various contigs with MetaGeneMark v12 (GeneMark, USA).…”

“…Acetonitrile (Merck, Germany), methanol (Merck), formic acid (CNW, China), and DL-o-Chlorophenylalanine (GL Biochem, China) were used during the process. Data analysis was carried out as described in our previous reports [14, 18]. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) as well as orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) utilized the SIMCA-P software for clustering specimen plots across groups.…”

“…The alteration and potential function of the gut microbiota in various pathologies, either as diagnostic biomarkers or contributors to pathogenesis, have attracted increasing attention [14, 15]. For example, the gut bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum has been identified as a potent biomarker for improving the diagnostic performance of the fecal immunochemical test (FIT), helping detect tumors otherwise missed by FIT.…”