Dynamics of the last four glacial terminations recorded in Lake Van, Turkey

Kwiecien, Ola; Stockhecke, Mona; Pickarski, Nadine; Heumann, Georg; Litt, Thomas; Sturm, Michael; Anselmetti, Flavio S.; Kipfer, Rolf; Haug, Gerald H.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.07.001

Cited by 62 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…The chronology of the Lake Van sedimentary sequence is based on independent proxy records, e.g., high-resolution XRF measurements (Kwiecien et al, 2014), total organic carbon (TOC; Stockhecke et al, 2014a), and pollen data , which were used for the construction of the agedepth model as published in Stockhecke et al (2014a). By adding radiometric dating techniques, the Lake Van chronology was correlated by using "age control points", derived from visual synchronization with the GICC05-based NGRIP isotope data for this relevant interval (0-116 ka;NGRIP members, 2004;Rasmussen et al, 2006;Svensson et al, 2008;Wolff et al, 2010).…”

Section: Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Profiling measurements of the complete Lake Van sedimentary record (Ahlat Ridge site) are published and described in detail by Kwiecien et al (2014) as well as in the high-resolution study of the last interglacial by Pickarski et al (2015).…”

Section: Profiling Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the first long lacustrine sediment sequences were recovered at Lake Van in summer 2010 Litt et al, 2012), numerous high-resolution data have been gathered, providing insight into short-term changes in past climatic and environmental conditions in eastern Anatolia (e.g., XRF measurements described by Kwiecien et al, 2014; total organic carbon content (TOC), Stockhecke et al, 2014a). The sensitivity of this region was already welldocumented by previous palynological data sets covering the Late Glacial and the Holocene periods (Litt et al, 2009;Wick et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abrupt climate and vegetation variability of eastern Anatolia during the last glacial

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Detailed analyses of the Lake Van pollen, Ca / K ratio, and stable oxygen isotope record allow the identification of millennial-scale vegetation and environmental changes in eastern Anatolia throughout the last glacial (∼ 111.5-11.7 ka BP). The climate of the last glacial was cold and dry, indicated by low arboreal pollen (AP) levels. The driest and coldest period corresponds to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2 (∼ 28-14.5 ka BP), which was dominated by highest values of xerophytic steppe vegetation.Our high-resolution multi-proxy record shows rapid expansions and contractions of tree populations that reflect variability in temperature and moisture availability. These rapid vegetation and environmental changes can be related to the stadial-interstadial pattern of Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events as recorded in the Greenland ice cores. Periods of reduced moisture availability were characterized by enhanced occurrence of xerophytic species and high terrigenous input from the Lake Van catchment area. Furthermore, the comparison with the marine realm reveals that the complex atmosphere-ocean interaction can be explained by the strength and position of the westerlies, which are responsible for the supply of humidity in eastern Anatolia. Influenced by the diverse topography of the Lake Van catchment, more pronounced DO interstadials (e.g., DO 19, 14, 12 and 8) show the strongest expansion of temperate species within the last glacial. However, Heinrich events (HE), characterized by highest concentrations of ice-rafted debris (IRD) in marine sediments, cannot be separated from other DO stadials based on the vegetation composition in eastern Anatolia. In addition, this work is a first attempt to establish a continuous microscopic charcoal record for the last glacial in the Near East.It documents an immediate response to millennial-scale climate and environmental variability and enables us to shed light on the history of fire activity during the last glacial.

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Section: Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Profiling Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abrupt climate and vegetation variability of eastern Anatolia during the last glacial

et al. 2015

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“…However, it has been difficult to obtain climate records for older terminations, such as Termination III (T-III), with sufficient resolution to capture the abrupt climate events that in some cases result from deglacial meltwater release (1), and to assess which of them are expressed worldwide. In Europe and the Middle East, long lacustrine sequences reveal abrupt changes in sedimentology and vegetation cover over T-III (2)(3)(4). Unfortunately, the absence of absolute dates precludes the construction of independent chronologies for these changes and their correlation with marine records of ice volume.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrupt climate changes during Termination III in Southern Europe

Pérez‐Mejías

Moreno

Sancho

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The Late Quaternary glacial-interglacial transitions represent the highest amplitude climate changes over the last million years. Unraveling the sequence of events and feedbacks at Termination III (T-III), including potential abrupt climate reversals similar to those of the last Termination, has been particularly challenging due to the scarcity of well-dated records worldwide. Here, we present speleothem data from southern Europe covering the interval from 262.7 to 217.9 kyBP, including the transition from marine isotope stage (MIS) 8 to MIS 7e. High-resolution δ 13 C, δ 18 O, and Mg/Ca profiles reveal major millennial-scale changes in aridity manifested in changing water availability and vegetation productivity. uranium-thorium dates provide a solid chronology for two millennial-scale events (S8.1 and S8.2) which, compared with the last two terminations, has some common features with Heinrich 1 and Heinrich 2 in Termination I (T-I).terminations | stalagmite | stadial event | stable isotopes |

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“…It is the fourth largest endorheic lake (having no outlet) and the largest soda lake on earth, having a volume of 607 km 3 , area of 3570 km 2 , and a maximum depth of 450 m (Çagatay et al 2014). Lake Van has a unique environmental characteristics influenced by seasonal changes; in winter, the changes occur due to the position of the westerly jet stream and in summer, by extension of a subtropical high-pressure belt (Kwiecien et al 2014). The lake water is characterized by high salinity and exceptionally high pH (S 22 g/kg, pH~10), its chemical composition is dominated in equal amounts by sodium chloride and sodium carbonate and its concentration of carbonate species is about 65 times higher than seawater (Tomonaga et al, 2012).…”

Section: Site Description and Climate Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Characterization, Microstructural Evaluation, and Condition Assessment of Ancient Ahlat Tombstones in the Seljukian Cemetery of Ahlat (Turkey)

Baykara

Işık

2016

International Journal of Architectural Heritage

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A typical Seljukian town of Ahlat, located between the north-western shores of the Lake Van and the Nemrud and Suphan volcanoes of the Eastern Turkey is hosting rich and colorful cultural heritage sites. Among these, famous Seljukian Cemetery is a major archeological district with monumental tombstones (stelae). Excessive deterioration, erosion and lichen colonization can be observed in these cultural artifacts. The main objective of this study is the investigation of stones' physical characterization and evaluation of the microstructural features. A degradation model was outlined starting with the capillary water uptake from the bottom section and lichen colonization starting from the top and covering these tombstones upto their mid sections. This article provides some information about the historical town of Ahlat and its tombstones. Some physical and microstructural characterization of the gravestones and the results of chemical and physical analysis are also presented along with some recommendations. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Dynamics of the last four glacial terminations recorded in Lake Van, Turkey

Cited by 62 publications

References 71 publications

Abrupt climate and vegetation variability of eastern Anatolia during the last glacial

Abrupt climate and vegetation variability of eastern Anatolia during the last glacial

Abrupt climate changes during Termination III in Southern Europe

Physical Characterization, Microstructural Evaluation, and Condition Assessment of Ancient Ahlat Tombstones in the Seljukian Cemetery of Ahlat (Turkey)

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