Dynamics of the COVID-19 Clinical Findings and the Serologic Response

Abstract

The factors affecting the dynamics of lengthening of symptoms and serologic responses are not well known. In order to see how the serologic responses change in relation to the clinical features, we selected a group of 472 adults with a positive IgM/IgG antibody test result from a baseline study of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity, assessed their COVID-19 and past medical histories, and followed them up in about 3 months. Nearly one-fourth of the subjects were asymptomatic at the baseline; 12.8% subjects became symptomatic at the follow-up (FU) when 39.8% of the subjects had some persisting symptoms. At the baseline, 6.1% showed anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM positive, 59.3% only for IgG, and 34.5% for both. At the FU, these figures declined to 0.6, 54.0, and 4.4%, respectively, with the mean IgM and IgG levels declining about 6.3 and 2.5 folds. Blood group A was consistently linked to both sustaining and flipping of the gastrointestinal (GI) and respiratory symptoms. The baseline IgM level was associated with GI symptoms and pre-existing cirrhosis in multivariate models. Both of the baseline and FU IgG levels were strongly associated with age, male, and lung involvement seen in chest computed tomography (CT)-scan. Finally, as compared with antibody decayers, IgM sustainers were found to be more anosmic [mean difference (MD): 11.5%; P = 0.047] with lower body mass index (BMI) (MD: 1.30 kg/m2; P = 0.002), while IgG sustainers were more commonly females (MD: 19.2%; P = 0.042) with shorter diarrhea duration in the FU (MD: 2.8 days; P = 0.027). Our findings indicate how the anti-SARS-CoV-2 serologic response and COVID-19 clinical presentations change in relation to each other and basic characteristics.

A large cohort study of the effects of Lewis, ABO, 13 other blood groups, and secretor status on COVID‐19 susceptibility, severity, and long COVID‐19

“…As such, while we can be reasonably assured that our findings regarding severity and long COVID‐19 are internally consistent within blood donors, the higher healthiness of such a cohort might cast doubts on the external validity of these results when applied to the general population. This could potentially be why we could not replicate the findings of other smaller studies 8,9,13,42 . However, the differences in our findings might also be due to different thresholds for admitting patients to hospitals, and in the way we define COVID‐19 severity.…”

“…This could potentially be why we could not replicate the findings of other smaller studies. 8 , 9 , 13 , 42 However, the differences in our findings might also be due to different thresholds for admitting patients to hospitals, and in the way we define COVID‐19 severity.…”

Prolonged COVID-19 symptom duration in people with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases: results from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance Vaccine Survey

“…People with possible COVID-19 In the general population, estimates of median symptom duration of COVID-19 range between 7 and 12 days depending on factors such as methods of measurement, distribution of acute severity and viral epidemiology. [14][15][16] Other studies also suggest that other immunosuppressed patients may have slightly longer median symptom duration than the general population. Some with cancer and organ transplant had very lengthy symptom duration and viral shedding.…”